러시아 형식주의자 쉬클로프스키는 ‘낯설게 하기(defamiliarization)’ 개념을 최초로 제시하였다. 이는 자동화(automatization)된 인식을 돌파하고 새로운 심미적 감각을 자극하는 수단으로 건축, 패션 디자인, 미디어, 미술 등 시각적 연구 분야에서 활발 하게 논의되었을 뿐만 아니라, 문학계에서 ‘문학성(literariness)’, 문학작품 비평에 대 한 검토도 꾸준히 이어져 왔다. 기존의 ‘낯설게 하기’ 연구방향에 따라 각 학자들은 음성학적, 어휘적, 통사적, 문체적 구조 등 다양한 언어적 위계에 초점을 두고 의미 가 있는 관점을 밝혔으나 이를 통합하여 전체적 텍스트를 분석하는 기준과 방법을 세우지 않았다. 따라서 본고는 중국 당대소설 ‘낯설게 하기’의 범위를 규명하고 체계 적인 분석 기준을 수립한 다음, ‘낯설게 하기’의 구체적인 변형 수단과 연구소설 ｢레 닌의 키스(受活)｣의 ‘낯설게 하기’ 양상을 검토하고자 한다.

Modernism in architecture is a very complex and contradictory phenomena. So much so that it has been defined in various ways throughout the history, depending on one's position in the cultural and historical circumstances. It is thus necessary to map out the various concepts of modernism and their relationships in order to have a more comprehensive understanding of modern architecture. This paper attempts to define the various positions as functionalism, formalism and artistic avant-gardism, and to trace their history from the early twentieth century to the present. The change of the concept of modernism from functionalism to artistic avant-gardism seems a logical process in the history of western modem culture. The tendency of contemporary architecture to be more abstract and self referential artistic practice reflects the fragmentation of modern culture and the separation of art and technology. The validity of this position, of course, depends on how one evaluates the role of modern art in the situation of modern culture. It could be viewed either negatively or positively. However, this position is problematic in that it disregards the fundamental differences between architecture and other arts and distanced architecture farther from its material base. Given this historical perspective on the concept of modernism, modernism in Korea should not viewed simply identical to the western modernism, nor should western modernism be imported uncritically. The characteristics of her modernization and their differences from the west should be considered, along with the different status and role of architecture in korean modern society.