The purpose of this study is to find out the economic impacts of the CASSAVA project, IPM project, Post-Harvest project, and RICE project among 12 projects that are being worked on by the Asian Food & Agriculture Cooperation Initiative(AFACI) established in 2009. Reliable data such as FAO STAT etc. was utilized for the analysis on the economic impacts of each project and the data of an investigation on principal investigators of the nation who participate in each project was used for the analysis of the additional necessary information. According to the economic impacts analysis result, the economic impacts will occur and can be measured as an economic costs as follows: a total of $1,187,404 in Thailand for the next 19 years through the CASSAVA project, $2,358,299 in Indonesia for the next 18 years through the Post-Harvest project, $62,451,317 in Vietnam for the next 13 years through the Post- Harvest project and $60,629,555 in Nepal for the next 13 years through the RICE project. The AFACI project is a small project that annually supports each country that participates each project with approximately $ 10,000. Despite the small-scale project, the estimated result of economic impacts showed that great economic impacts occurred for its scale of the support. Thus, it is deemed that a search for ongoing methods that contribute to the role expansion of Korea and the agricultural development of the recipient country will be needed through the expansion and complementation of a low-cost and high efficiency Official Development Assistance(ODA) such as the AFACI project.

Nepal is endowed with rich diversity in land races of rice and also some wild rice species. Some of them are known for their resistance to insect and diseases, including rice hoppers and viruses. Nepal has so far released 68 improved rice varieties for different domains. With the introduction of improved varieties incidences of insect and diseases increased. Leafhoppers and planthoppers are among the rice insects of economic importance in Nepal. Till a decade ago, rice gundhi bug used to be the most important insect of rice. Now, hoppers have become more important. Of leafhoppers, green leafhopper (Nephotettix nigropictus), white leafhoppers (Cofena spectra) and zig zag leafhopper (Resilia dorsalis) are the common ones. Of them, N. nigropictus was found to transmit rice dwarf phytoreovirus, and N. virescens to transmit rice tungro bacilliform badna virus and rice tungro spherical waikavirus in Nepal. Of planthoppers, brown planthopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens) and white-backed planthopper (WbPH) (Sogatella furcifera) are the major ones. Isolated outbreaks of BPH have been recorded from 1977 to recent past years and of WbPH in 1982. However, no virus diseases associated with BPH and WBPH have been recorded in Nepal though some yellow syndrome in large areas has been reported from BPH occurring area (Chitwan) for the last couple of years. It is worth to note that IPM-FFS (farmers’ field school) approach was adopted in 1997 in rice after the outbreak of BPH in Chitwan district. Farmers are practicing wetting and drying of rice fields for the management of BPH. Other management practices recommended include use of biopesticides, predators, light traps, chemicals and resistant varieties. With the objective of monitoring rice planthoppers and associated rice viruses Nepal in 2011 joined “Collaboration network for the management of migratory rice planthoppers and associated virus diseases of rice in Asia” - a regional project of Asian Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiatives (AFACI), Korea.

AFACI 회원국 4개국의 수도작 포장의 멸구류 발생 양상을 조사하기 위해서 황색 점착트랩을 이용하여 타락법으로 멸구류 발생 모니터링을 수행하였다. 전반적으로 모든 조사 지점에서 벼멸구의 발생량이 많았으며 상대적으로 흰등멸구의 발생량은 적은 편이었다. 애멸구의 발생은 없었다. 분얼기부터 호숙기까지 벼 멸구류의 발생량은 지속적으로 증가하였으며, 한국의 경우와 다르게 1~2회의 발생 최성기(Peak)가 나타나지 않았다 벼멸구의 경우 모든 조사 지점에서 발생하였으며 스리랑카의 Svay Reang에서 조사기간 동안 평균 1,673마리로 가장 많이 발생하였으며 방글라데시의 Dobila, Hamkuria, 남베트남의 Cho Gao가 각각 1,236마리, 818마리, 666마리 순이었다. 흰등멸구의 경우 조사지점 간 편차가 크게 나타났는데 방글라데시의 Dobila에서는 조사기간 동안 평균 1,163마리가 발생하였으나 남베트남에서는 거의 발생하지 않았다.