Physicochemical properties and storage stability of plant-based alternative meat prepared with low-fat soybean powder (LPAM) treated by supercritical-CO2 and those of full-fat soybean powder (FPAM) were compared. Ash and crude protein contents were higher in LPAM than in FRAM. Water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity were significantly higher in LPAM than in FPAM. Water binding capacity was higher in LPAM than in FPAM during a 20 days storage period at 5℃ and pH was significantly lower in LPAM than in FPAM after a 5~10 days storage period. Hardness, gumminess and chewiness significantly increased with the increase in the storage period, and the three were significantly higher in LPAM than in FPAM after 10 days and 20 days of storage. The acid value showed no remarkable difference according to the storage period in LPAM; however, it was significantly higher in FPAM than in LPAM after 20 days of storage. The peroxide value and TBA value were significantly increased according to the storage period, and were significantly lower iin LPAM than in FPAM during all the storage periods. Therefore, the use of low-fat soybean powder may be effective in improving oxidative stability during storage in the production of plant-based alternative meat.

말에서 주요 경제형질인 운동과 관련된 연구는 중요하지만, 현재까지의 연구는 물리학적, 생리학적 연구에 치중되어 있어 분자수준의 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 선행연구를 통하여 경주마에서 RNA-sequencing을 수행하여 운동 전·후 alternative transcript 이형에 따라 발현 양상이 상이한 유전자(DYNC1LI2, COBLL1, AXL, PLEKHG1)를 발굴하였다. 이 중, DYNC1LI2 유전자를 선택하여 분자생물학적 분석 및 운동성과의 관계에 대하여 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, DYNC1LI2 유전자의 2가지 전사 이형은 긴 형태의 전사체(DYNC1LI2a)와 결손이 일어나 상대적으로 짧아진 전사체(DYNC1LI2b)의 형태로 존재하는 것을 확인하였고, 두 가지 전사 이형 모두가 말의 각 조직(갑상선, 결장, 골격근, 맹장, 심장, 신장, 척수, 폐)에 존재함을 확인하였다. 또한, 운동 전과 운동 후 발현량 분석을 통해 두 가지 전사 이형이 동일하게 운동에 따라 발현이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 추가적으로 두 가지 전사 이형의 아미노산 비교 분석 결과, 엑손영역에 결손이 일어나는 부분은 단백질의 인산화 및 당질화와 관련이 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 DYNC1LI2a가 DYNC1LI2b에 비해 더욱 단백질의 안정화 작용을 하는 것을 의미하며, DYNC1LI2 유전자가 운동에 따라 발현이 달라짐에 따라 차후 말에서 운동관련 연구에 대한 기반 자료로써 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

The THO/TREX complex mediates the transport of nascent mRNAs from the nucleus towards the cytoplasm in animals, and it has a role in small RNA-dependent processes in plants. Here we describe five mutant alleles of Arabidopsis thaliana THO2, whichencodes a core subunit of the plant THO/TREX complex. tho2 mutants present strong developmental defects resembling those in plants compromised in microRNA (miRNA) activity. In agreement, not only the levels of siRNAs, but also of mature miRNAs were reduced in tho2 mutants. As a consequence miRNA target mRNAs accumulated to higher levels than in wild type. Yeast two hybrid experiments showed that THO2 does not seem to interact with any of the known miRNA biogenesis components, implying a more indirect role of THOs in small RNA biogenesis. We also detected alterations in the splicing pattern of genes encoding Serine/Arginine-rich proteins in tho2 mutants, suggesting a previously unappreciated role of the THO/TREX complex in alternative splicing.

The transport of nascent messenger RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is mediated by the THO/TREX complex and is evolutionary conserved from yeast, metazoa and humans. However, in plants, it is still yet unclear if the similar mechanism of transport exists. Here we identified and characterized a mutant gene, AtTHO2, a putative Arabidopsis thaliana THO2 component protein, homologous to yeast THO2 of the THO/TREX pathway required for mRNA transport. The mutation from this gene resulted to various developmental defects that include semi-dwarfism and abnormal floral development which further leads to sterility. Gene expression analysis revealed that AtTHO2 is expressed in all organs and pollen developmental stages. In addition, the homozygote progeny of null mutants did not persist until mature stage. These results suggest an indispensable role of AtTHO2 in the development of Arabidopsis. Differential gen expression and silencing were also observed between the null mutants and wild type depending on T-DNA insertion. Furthermore, alternative splicing which was tightly linked with the THO/TREX pathways was also defective on AtTHO2 and null mutants. A similar pattern of defect in SR34a was observed in the AtTHO2 and null mutants. In terms of microRNA biosynthesis, no significant differences were seen on the wild-type and mutant plants; however this data should be validated. Thus this work provides some evidences that a similar THO/TREX complex exist in plants and gave a foundation for further studies on the mechanism of nuclear export in plants.