This study was performed to recognize species composition of Anopheline mosquitoes and infection rates of Plasmodium vivax in the northern part of South Korea. Adult mosquitoes were collected at 9 Republic of Korea (ROK) army installations in northern part of Geyonggi Province near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) using black light traps. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify collected Anopheline specimens and detect P. vivax from them. During June to August 2016, total 481 anopheline mosquitoes were collected and identified. Anopheles kleini was the most frequently collected (56.1%), and followed by An. pullus (16.6%), An. sinensis (16.2%), An. belenrae (7.5%) and An. lesteri (1.5%). 6 pools (4.0%) were positive for P. vivax among 150 pools. The minimum infection rates (MIR) was 1.24. Our ongoing study will provide a meaningful data for the effective malaria elimination strategy.

본 연구는 김포시에서 모기성충의 계절적 발생소장과 얼룩날개모기류 유충의 발생을 파악하기 위해서 실시되었다. 성충모기는 6지점에서 유문등을 이용하여, 2008년 5월부터 9월까지 조사되었다. 조사결과 8속 16종 48,919마리가 채집되었다. 금빛숲모기(Aedes vexans nipponii)가 43%로 가장 많았고, 중국얼룩날개모기(Anophels sinensis)가 34%, 작은빨간집모기(Culex tritaeniorhynchus)가 14%로 이 3 우점종이 전체의 91%를 차지했다. 얼룩날개모기류의 계절적 발생소장은 작은빨간집모기와 비교하여 다른 피크를 보였다. 얼룩날개모기류 유충은 203지점 중 138지점(63%)에서 확인되었다. 지점당 정량조사 결과에서 평균유충밀도는 연꽃 재배지가 6.9개체로 가장 높았으며, 다음으로 수로가 4.5개체, 미나리꽝이 3.4개체, 유수지가 3.2개체, 휴경논이 3.1개체, 논이 1.8개체, 습지가 1.4개체, 하천이 0.2개체 순이었다. 유충밀도와 용존산소량, 산도, 염분도, 흡밀원(축사, 돈사, 계사) 사이에 유의한 관계성은 없었다. 최근린평균거리분석(ANNA)의 결과에서, 유충 조사지점간 분포패턴은 전체 조사지점간과 4.0개체 이상 확인된 지점간에서 각각 밀집분포와 불규칙분포였다. 하성면에서는 유충이 3.0 개체 이상 확인된 지점간 분산분포를 나타냈다.

As part of an on-going malaria surveillance effort conducted by the Korea Center for Disease Concectration & Prevention (KCDC), a total of anopheline mosquitoes was tested for the presence of Plasmodium vavax 18s protein. Mosquitoes were collected (using black light traps) from 2 quarantine stations (Kimpo branch office of Incheon Airport National quarantine station, Paju city and Sokcho branch office of Donghae National quarantine station, Goseong county), identified to species, and tested by PCR for the presence of P. vivax 18s protein. The quarantine stations is located near de-militarized zone in Republic of Korea . A total of 140 Anopheles bellene, 3 An. lesteri, 153 An. pullus, 238 An. kleini, and 1,523 An. sinensis was tested. Two Anopheles bellene, Seven An. kleini, and Nineteen An. sinensis were positive for P. vivax 18s protein. Anopheles sinensis is the predominent Anopheline mosquito encountered in the northern part of the ROK and is a known malaria vector. Other potential vectors include An. lesteri Baisas & Hu and An. yatsushiroensis Miyazaki. Anopheles bellene haven't been reported as vector of malaria until now. However, in this study, positive results were detected from An. bellene collected at Paju city and Goseong county, 27 May and 22 Jun, respectively. Anopheles bellene as potential vector of P. vivax might be further studied.