In recent years, juvenile offenders have made up an increasing number of all criminal suspects, and minor crimes are becoming a more serious social problem in most countries and regions around the world. While community correction occupies a very important position in the minor crime punishment system, current community correction risk assessments mainly depend on qualitative analysis or simple mathematical statistics using collected data. In combination with relevant theories and regulations, this paper offers a systematic look at the development and theories of community correction and the related risk assessment system and analyzes the characteristics of community correction risk assessment methods of juvenile offenders in different countries. Moreover, it discusses some new risk assessment technologies based on artificial intelligence theory for community correction risk evaluation of juvenile offenders. The effectiveness of the proposed community correction risk assessment method is verified using some real-world community correction assessments.

우리나라에서는 2008년 9월부터 시행된 전자감시제는 그 역사가 일천하지만, 미국에서는 1960년대에 이미 전자감시 장치가 보급될 정도로 중요한 교정행정 수단이며, 최근에는 캐나다, 영국 등 많은 국가에서 정착되고 있다. 전자감시제는 범죄자에 대한 지역사회활동의 무력화, 지역사회 복귀, 회복적 사법 등의 지역사회 교정처우의 이념을 바탕으로 한 비구금주의와 비시설주의를 대표하는 교정처우의 한 유형으로 이해할 수 있다. 그러나 전자감시제는 몇 가지 한계점을 안고 있다. 즉 범죄인 및 주변 시민의 인권침해에 대한 우려, 수색 및 체포영장의 필요성 여부, 비용부담의 주체, 전자감시의 적용범죄, 전자감시비용에 대비 한 범죄예방효과, 전자감시 대상자 가정에의 영향 등이다. 특히 전자감시제를 성공적으로 운영하는 것으로 평가받는 플로리다주의 경우에도 이와 같은 문제 점들이 발견되고 있어 별도의 위원회를 통한 지속적인 평가를 받고 문제점을 개선하고 있다. 따라서 우리나라에서 향후 전자감시제를 성공적으로 운영하기 위해서는 관련법의 정비, 대상별 전자감시 유형의 다양화 및 대상자의 비용부담, 전자감시 대상자에 대한 추적확인 강화, 보호관찰관 인력보강 등의 정책개선이 이루어져야한다. 특히 향후 전자감시 대상자가 늘어나고, 그 관리비용이나 보호 관찰관의 증원이 절대적이라는 점을 고려할 때 전자감시장치의 부착비용 등에 대해서는 미국 및 캐나다 등의 경우처럼 대상자에게 일정부분 그 비용을 부담토록 하여, 전자감시제도 운영에 필요한 인력과 장비를 확보하는데 활용할 수 있어야한다. 또한 전자감시제를 성범죄자 이외의 다양한 범죄자에게까지 확대함으로써 사회내처우를 강화하여 범죄자의 사회화를 도와야한다. 나아가 전자감시의 효과를 높이기 위해서는 사회내 약물치료와 수강명령 등의 보호관찰이 병행되어야만 한다.

Restorative justice refers to an emphasis on dealing with offenders by focusing on repairing harm, and involving victims and communities, as well as offenders. Especially, restorative justice elevates the role of the victim and the community to a special position in the justice process and seeks to responsibility in the offender. A restorative justice approach would appear to have great potential to effect change in an offender's behaviour and attitudes. Community corrections is important to acknowledge the proliferation of community based programs such as crime prevention, diversion from corrections. Community corrections emphasis on deinstitutionalization and decarceration. The usual means of deinstitutionalization include thing such as: probation, recognizance bond, deferred sentence, community attendance center orders and community service order. The usual means of decarceration include thing such as: parole, day-leave schemes, day in prison, camp, conditional-release orders, electronic monitoring. The term community corrections implies consensus, general approval by society, positive outcomes. The relationship between the criminal justice system and community based organization warrants a close examination for outcomes of restorative justice.

In recent years community-based corrections can be expected to play a much greater role in the criminal justice. Community-based corrections seeks to keep criminals in the community by building ties to family, employment, and other normal sources of stability and success. At the heart of community penalty systems today are the myriad conditions attached to sentencing courts' probation orders, and to special purpose orders for community service, curfew and like. Of course, a sentencing court imposing conditions of probation or another community penalty may not believe or intend them to be subjectively or objectively punitive. The court may not be imposing a penalty in that sense at all. In the viewpoint such as those backgrounds, it is very important somewhat for 'community justice', 'public safety' and 'restorative justice' etc.. They have political value as well as substantive merit, which increasingly leads managers of community-based corrections agencies - and other criminal justice agencies and community structures - to try to operationalize and harmonize the ideas in their practice. Therefore I am concerned about the relationships between 'Element of a Sense of Community' and 'Community-Based Corrections'. A sense of community can be defined as "a feeling that members have of belonging, a feeling that members matter to one another and to the group, and a shared faith that members' needs will be met through their commitment to be together. McMillan and Chavis argued four elements of a sense of community, those are Membership, Influence, Integration and fulfillment of needs, and Shared emotional connection. This study is aimed to seek the meaningful connection between the theory of McMillan & Chavis and community-based corrections in Korea. I assume that the four factors having the greatest impact on community-based corrections in our country

This study looked specifically at the community corrections programs in Virginia where those are being practiced statewide. For the research, the interviews with program managers not only in the state level but also in the specific field level were conducted. The major findings are as follows: (1) For the successful management of these programs, it is important to make best use of community resources and to manage the conflicts with local residents effectively. (2) Even though in Virginia community corrections programs are cost-efficient, the operation of these programs cannot be stable because of budgetary or political reason. So the success of community corrections depends upon the favorable policy environment to these fields. (3) More programs may be initiated by the existing correctional systems in lieu of creating new community corrections programs or facilities. All in all, the diversion center program, especially for non-felon women offenders can be useful and considerable in the short run in Korea. This program can be applied in private prisons, women's correctional facilities or open house facilities in our nation.

This thesis has been compossed the changes of corrections theory on treatment of offenders as well as the changes of policies on the criminal justice in the ROK. It has been made a conclusion after involving consideration of the new system of community-based corrections applicable to the ROK.