목적 : 본 연구는 노인의 자가운전 현황과 운전면허 관리제도에 대한 인식을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구 방법 : 지역사회에 거주하는 운전면허증을 소지한 60세 이상 노인을 대상으로 총 124부의 설문지를 배포하 였다. 배포한 설문지 중에서 총 93부를 회수하여 최종적으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 조사 대상자 중에서 현재 운전을 한다는 응답자가 76명(81.7%)이었고, 운전빈도는 주 1-2회가 26명(34.2%), 주 3-5회 23명(30.3%), 매일 19명(25%) 순으로 응답하였다. 운전하는 시간대는 오전 9시부터 오후 6시까지 낮 시 간대 운전이 61명(80.3)로 가장 많았다. 운전 시 가장 어려운 부분은 시력 저하라고 38명(50.0%)이 응답하였으며, 운전 중단 시기에 대해서는 ‘질환이나 장애가 발생했을 때’35명(46.1%), ‘주변에서 운전을 그만두라고 권유할 때’20명(26.3%) 순으로 응답하였다. 운전에 영향을 줄 수 있는 질환들 중에서 현재 가지고 있는 질환은 고혈압 35명(37.6%), 당뇨병(30.1%), 관절염 19명(20.4%) 순으로 많았다. 운전면허 자진반납제도, 운전기능검사, 교통안전 교육 실시에 대한 동의여부를 확인한 결과, 운전면허증 자진반납제도에 대해서는 반대의견이 73명(78.5%)으로 많았다. 반면에 운전기능검사에 대한 찬성의견은 70명(75.3%), 교통안전교육 찬성의견은 76명(81.7%)으로 반대보 다 많았다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 확인한 지역사회 노인들의 노인 운전자의 자가운전 현황과 새로운 운전면허 관리제도에 대한 인식에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 노인운전자들의 안전운전 증진의 방향을 모색하는 것이 필요할 것이다.

PURPOSES : The desire of drivers to increase their driving speeds is increasing in response to the technological advancements in vehicles and roads. Therefore, studies are being conducted to increase the maximum design speed in Korea to 140 km/h. The stopping sight distance (SSD) is an important criterion for acquiring sustained road safety in road design. Moreover, although the perception-reaction time (PRT) is a critical variable in the calculation of the SSD, there are not many current studies on PRT. Prior to increasing the design speed, it is necessary to confirm whether the domestic PRT standard (2.5 s) is applicable to high-speed driving. Thus, in this study, we have investigated the influence of high-speed driving on PRT. METHODS : A driving simulator was used to record the PRT of drivers. A virtual driving map was composed using UC-Win/Road software. Experiments were carried out at speeds of 100, 120, and 140 km/h while assuming the following three driving scenarios according to driver expectation: Expected, Unexpected, and Surprised. Lastly, we analyzed the gaze position of the driver as they drove in the simulated environment using Smarteye. RESULTS: Driving simulator experimental results showed that the PRT of drivers decreased as driving speed increased from 100 km/h to 140 km/h. Furthermore, the gaze position analysis results demonstrated that the decrease in PRT of drivers as the driving speed increased was directly related to their level of concentration. CONCLUSIONS : In the experimental results, 85% of drivers responded within 2.0 s at a driving speed of 140 km/h. Thus, the results obtained here verify that the current domestic standard of 2.5 s can be applied in the highways designated to have 140 km/h maximum speed

PURPOSES: Nighttime driving is very different from daytime driving because drivers must obtain nighttime sight-distances based on road lights and headlights. Unfortunately, nighttime driving conditions in Korea are far from ideal due to poor lighting and an insufficient number of road lights and inadequate operation and maintenance of delineators. This study is conducted to develop new standards for nighttime road visibility based on experiments of driver perception for nighttime visibility conditions. METHODS : In the study, perception level and satisfaction of nighttime visibility were investigated. A total of 60 drivers participated, including 34 older drivers and 31 young drivers. To evaluate driver perceptions of nighttime road visibility, fuzzy set theory was used because the conventional analysis methods for driver perception are limited in effectiveness for considering the characteristics of perception which are subjective and vague, and are generally expressed in terms of linguistic terminologies rather than numerical parameters. RESULTS : This study found that levels of nighttime visibility, as perceived by drivers, are remarkably similar to their satisfactions in different nighttime driving conditions with a log-function relationship. Older drivers evaluated unambiguously degree of nighttime visibility but evaluations by young drivers regarding it were unclear. CONCLUSIONS : A minimum value of brightness on roads was established as YUX 30, based on final analyzed results. In other words, road lights should be installed and operated to obtain more than YUX 30 brightness for the safety and comfort of nighttime driving.