Hazardous air pollutants such as NO2, VOCs and PM10 were measured Daegu, Korea in major micro-environments,where housewives spend the most of their time, and personal exposure times were estimated by using time activitypatterns and exposure scenarios. The major microenvironments of housewives were selected using the ‘Time-UseSurvey’ conducted by the National Statistical Office in Korea in 2009. A total of 4,514 (weekdays) and 3,063(weekends) housewives were recruited for the ‘Time-Use Survey.’ It seems that housewives are spending about80% of their time in the house, and about 5% of their time outdoors during weekdays and weekends. The indoor/outdoor ratio of the average concentration of NO2 was more than 1, which indicated that the source was indoors.Toluene was shown to have higher concentrations indoors than outdoors. Ethylbenzene and xylene displayedsimilar characteristics to toluene, and the concentration ratio for indoor/outdoor was shown to be 1.29 ± 0.76 and1.04 ± 0.45, respectively, higher concentrations indoors. Based on the results of the time activity patterns ofparticipants, 3 kinds of exposure scenarios were formulated. The spent time and air concentration in eachenvironment were assumed as normal and lognormal distribution, respectively. And then the Monte-Carlosimulation was conducted. According to the result of the simulation, the exposures to hazardous air pollutantsrevealed an increasing pattern as housewives visits other indoor environments such as supermarkets.

Electromagnetic fields of all frequencies represent one of the most common and fastest growing environmental influences, about which anxiety and speculation are spreading. All populations are now exposed to varying degrees of electromagnetic field, and the levels will continue to increase as technology advances. The objectives of this study were to measure and analyze emitting characteristics of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field at micro-environments. We measured magnetic field at microenvironments such as home, school, educational institute, internet pc game room for children attending the primary school. The range of time weighted average (TWA) of 60 Hz EMF in micro-environment were 0.26∼ 7.62 mG and the highest TWA 7.62 mG was measured in PC room possessed more than 50 computers. We will measure personal exposure levels of primary students and analyze correlation between major micro-environments and personal exposure level.