본 연구는 한국의 임무지향형 국가연구개발사업의 개선 필요성을 제기하고, 이를 통해 사회적 가치 창출과 다학제적 접근을 강조하는 새로운 임무지향형 혁신정책(New Mission-Oriented Innovation Policy, New MOIP) 기반의 국가연구개발사업 활성화 방안을 모색하기 위해 추진되었다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 문헌 연구를 통해 전통적인 MOIP와 차별 화된 New MOIP의 주요 특징을 도출하고 이를 분석 프레임으로 설정하였으며, 해당 프레임을 적용하여 한국의 임무지향형 국가연구개발사업 사례를 분석하였다. 나아가 사례 분석 결과를 바탕으로 New MOIP 기반 임무지향형 국가연구개발사업으로의 전환을 위한 정책적 개선 방안을 제언하였다. 연구 결과는 한국의 임무지향형 국가연구개발사업 고도화 및 정책 효과성 제고에 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

Scientific and technological performances (e.g., patents and publications) made through R&D play a pivotal role for national economic growth. National governments encourage academia-industry cooperation and thereby pursue continuous development of science technology and innovation. Increasing R&D-related investments and manpower are crucial for national industrial development, but evidence of poor performance in business performance, efficiency, and effectiveness has recently been found in Korea. This study evaluates performance efficiency of the 6T sector (Information Technology, Bio Technology, Nano Technology, Space Technology, Environment Technology, Culture Technology), which is considered a high-potential promising industry for the next generation growth and currently occupies two thirds of the national R&D projects. The study measures the relative efficiency of R&D in a comparative perspective by employing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The result reveals overall low efficiency in basic R&D (0.2112), applied R&D (0.2083), development R&D (0.2638), and others (0.0641), confirming that economic performance and efficiency were relatively poor compared to production efficiency. Efficient R&D needs policy makers to create strategies that can increase overall efficiency by improving productivity performance and quality while increasing economic performance.

Korea’s R&D investment has significantly increased in recent years and the quantitative outputs such as number of papers and patents have also increased with the investment. However, the quality of R&D outputs has not been fully addressed. In particular, quality of technical performance, such as the quality of patents, has attracted little attention. In this paper, a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method was used to construct models for efficiency analysis of R&D investment, focused on quality of technical performance. Indices were proposed to analyze the quantitative and qualitative efficiencies of R&D investment. In order to effectively analyze R&D efficiencies, the measurement units of the input and output variables were standardized. Based on cases of livestock quarantine R&D projects of Korea, the quantitative and qualitative efficiencies of national R&D projects were analyzed and factors that would influence R&D efficiencies were identified. This paper suggests that both quantitative and qualitative efficiencies should be considered when measuring R&D efficiency. Also, it is recommended to carefully consider the characteristics of R&D projects during project selection stage.