The handwritten copy of the Ishinpō in the “Gohon - Nakarai family’s edition” in Japan contains a large number of marginal notes on phonetic notations and semantic explanations quoted from Chinese dictionaries. It is an important material for studying the overseas dissemination of Chinese characters and their usage forms in the Middle Ages. This article selects the second volume of this handwritten copy as the main research object. Combining the content of the marginal notes with the materials of character books in different dynasties, it conducts in-depth textual research and verification on difficult characters or semantic explanations such as Xin ( ), Huang (䀮), Chi (瘛), Zhi (𣛰), Liao (𢨺), Nao (臑), Luo (濼) and XieYi (解㑊) that appear in the marginal notes, and clarifies that Xin ( ) is the vulgar form of Xin (囟), Huang (䀮) is a character with the sound component replaced for Mang (盲), the original form of Chi (瘛) is Chi (𤸪), Zhi (𣛰) is a miswritten form of Zhi (榰), Liao (𢨺) should originally be Liao (窌) and should be distinguished from Liao (髎), the original form of Nao (臑) is Er (胹), and there is also a cognate character Ruan (腝), Luo (濼) is a part of XiaoLuo (消濼), this word should be the abbreviated form of XiaoYinLuo (消淫濼) and can be interpreted as meaning “to eliminate soreness and weakness”, and XieYi (解㑊) is a variant writing of XieYi (懈伿), and Yi (㑊) is a later variant of Yi (伿).

The annotation style and commonly used terms of the phonetic and semantic annotations accompanying the Sixi Canon (思溪藏) are roughly similar to those of specialized Buddhist scripture phonetic and semantic works. Meanwhile, special terms such as “Jiuyin” (舊音) are also used. The mark of “Jiuyin” appears 100 times in the phonetic and semantic annotations accompanying the Sixi Canon. The function of this “Jiuyin” is not merely to indicate the pronunciation, but also involves differentiating characters’ forms and explaining their meanings. The phonetic and semantic annotations of the Sixi Canon not only refer to the three major specialized Buddhist scripture phonetic and semantic works, but also to rhyme books of the Qieyun (切韻) system. They also refer to lost Buddhist scripture phonetic and semantic works, and even to the original phonetic cuts that have been passed down along with the Buddhist scriptures. In general, the “Jiuyin” in the phonetic annotations accompanying the Sixi Canon has a relatively diverse reference and should be regarded as a general term.