공액구조 고분자는 일반적으로 전도성, 착체형성, 색, 광학 비선형성, 높은 기체투과도, 광 및 전기 발광 등의 특성을 보인다. 다양한 유형의 전도성 고분자 중에서 폴리(아로마틱 헤테로사이클릭)은 해당 단량체의 화학적 혹은 전기화학적 중합을 통하여 합성되는 주쇄 방향족성 고분자이다. 이들 소재는 발광소자, 화학센서, 수퍼커페시터, 유기 태양전지, 유기 트랜지스터, 스마트 윈도우 등 다양한 응용 영역을 가지고 있다. 본고에서는 폴리(아로마틱 헤테로사 이클릭)의 합성과 응용에 관한 그동안의 연구동향을 제시하였다.

A series of noble poly(amide-imide)s and copoly(amide-imide)s bearing 1,2-bis(4-phenoxy)benzene units were synthesized by the direct polycondensation of 1,2-bis(4-trimellitimidophenoxy)benzene[1,2-PTPB] with a combination of commercially available aromatic diamines and diacids such as m-phenylene diamine, p-phenylene diamine(PPD), isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid(TA) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP) using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as a condensing agent in the presence of dehydrating agent (CaCl2). The resulting polymers had inherent viscosities in the range of 0.37~0.78 dL/g and most of them were soluble m common organic solvents including NMP, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, and m-cresol. Wide-angle X-ray diffractograms revealed that the copoly(amide-imide) derived from PPD with mixed acids of 1,2-BTPB and TA, showed crystalline nature, whereas all of the other polymers were found to be amorphous. The glass transition temperatures of the polymers occurred over the temperature range of 270~323℃ in their differential scanning calorimetry curves and their 10% weight loss temperature, determined by thermogravimetric analysis in air and nitrogen atmosphere, were in the range 465~535℃, 500~550℃, respectively, indicating their good thermal stability.