The apartment structures built using tunnel form method in 1980's, are vulnerable to lateral loads since wall elements don't exist in longitudinal direction and especially they were not seismically designed. In this study, in order to evaluate the seismic performance of those apartment structures, nonlinear analysis was performed and static test was conducted using small scale partial specimen. Both shear and moment should be considered for the structure subject to lateral load. Most existing methods, however, consider only shear force in test specimen because it is difficult to realize the actual moment distribution of the practical structure, and furthermore axial force is often neglected. This study propose a testing method which can realize similar moment and axial force distribution of a specimen to that of the practical structure by controlling the lateral loading condition. Numerical analysis was performed using moment-curvature curve considering stiffness degrading parameter, ductility-based strength and energy dissipation. The result of this study shows that only 15~20% difference exist between analysis and test, which confirms that the performance of wall elements in a non-seismically designed wall type reinforced concrete apartment can be accurately evaluated.

Recently, earthquakes occur over 30 times a year in Korea. In addition, earthquakes originating from the neighborhood countries were sensed in Korea and caused serious human casualties and economic loss. In Japan, U.S.A., New Zealand and etc., forces seismic design of building structures to prevent seismic damage. In Korea, seismic design has been applied to building structures with a scale larger than defined in the building code since 1988. However, serious seismic damages are expected for wall-type apartment buildings, which were designed before 1988 without application of seismic design. Therefore, appropriate seismic retrofitting methods that are economical and easy to construct are required for such buildings. In this study, seismic retrofitting methods using steel plates or sections are developed for the wall-type apartment buildings. Proposed retrofitting methods improve lateral stiffness of the wall-slab system without excessive increment of loads on base structure. The effect of retrofitting using plates, T-sections and H-sections was examined experimentally for wall-slap system test models. In the experiment, the performance of the joint and slab of the test models was improved and the retrofitting effect was proved to be excellent.