The cooking method {炒 (stir-frying)} is a commonly used verb in daily life, closely related to our existence. Its appearance in transmitted texts did not occur until the Han Dynasty. The term {炒} was historically represented by eight model of characters, though only six were actually used, each with numerous variant forms. During the Han Dynasty, {炒} was recorded using “𩱦” and “㷅”, with “𩱦” being the predominant choice. In the Six Dynasties period, “ ” remained the standard. After the emergence of “炒” and “煼”, both characters were widely adopted across subsequent dynasties, with “炒” becoming the conventional form, though it never fully supplanted “煼”. This trend was also interspersed with the use of simplified variants like “㷅” and “𩱦”. Investigating the historical graphic representation of {炒} holds significant importance for understanding the development of Chinese culinary techniques and interpreting related transmitted texts.

Among the silk manuscripts unearthed from Mawangdui No.3 Han dynasty Tomb, there are two pieces of silks record the literature which relate to Yi. One of them records Zhouyi and Ersanziwen, and the other one records Xici, Zhong, Yao, Miuhe and Zhaoli. Many scholars believed that the two silk manuscripts were written by the same writer. After comparing plenty of characters, we found that the fonts of these two silk manuscripts have obvious differences in components, strokes and structures. Therefore, we believed that these two manuscripts are probably not be written by one person. Moreover, there still remains controversy about the age of the master copies of these literatures which relate to Yi. After analyzing some special characters and words in these literatures, we speculated that the master copy of Xici which was written earlier than the Qin Dynasty, is influenced by the Chu characters of the Warring States and written by seal-clericle script. The languages of some part of Yao and Miuhe are obviously influenced by Qin dynasty’s language using habits.

최근 온라인 게임은 콘텐츠 자체뿐만 아니라 운영 서비스가 종합적으로 작용하여 성장을 이루고 있다. 그러나 기존의 연구에서는 게임운영 서비스 품질에 비해 게임의 콘텐츠 특성에 많은 초점을 두고 연구가 수행되고 있다. 본 연구는 온라인 스포츠게임을 연구 대상으로, 게임의 콘텐츠특성과 운 영 서비스품질이 유저의 지속이용의도와 구전의도에 미치는 영향을 기대충족 모델을 적용하여 분석 하고, 그에 따른 지속 서비스를 위한 유저 풀을 확대 및 확보하는데 어떠한 노력을 기울여야 하는지 에 대하여 학술적 및 실무적 시사점을 제시하였다. 연구결과, 게임 컨텐츠 특성인 현실성은 기대충족 까지도 영향을 미치는 게임 콘텐츠의 주요한 변수임이 밝혀졌으며, 운영 서비스 품질인 공감성은 기 대충족에도 영향을 주어 구전의도를 일으키는 직·간접적 역할을 하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.