Odorous emissions from large industrial complexes exhibit significant spatial and temporal variability, which complicates quantitative evaluation and source identification. Odor perception may occur even at low concentrations, and emission characteristics are strongly influenced by industrial processes, meteorological conditions, and local topography. Therefore, odor management strategies based solely on compliance with emission standards have inherent limitations. The Yeosu National Industrial Complex was designated as an odor management area in 2019, and annual surveys of complex odor dilution ratios and specified odor substances have been conducted since then. Despite the accumulation of monitoring data, odor complaints from nearby residential areas have continued. In this study, multi-year (2020-2024) odor monitoring data were integrated with complaint records, and GIS-based mapping and visualization were applied to examine the spatial distribution characteristics of measured odor levels and complaint locations. Map-based visualization facilitated visual comparison of complaint locations and monitoring sites and enabled a comparative assessment between monitoring sites and complaint locations. The results revealed clear spatial heterogeneity among monitoring sites. In particular, the A3 monitoring site recorded the highest annual average dilution ratio, indicating persistent structural characteristics of odor emissions in that area. Although measured odor intensity was relatively higher in summer, complaint frequency peaked in spring and autumn, suggesting that meteorological conditions and human exposure patterns significantly influence perceived odor nuisance. These findings demonstrate that measured odor intensity alone does not fully explain complaint occurrence and highlight the necessity of integrated odor management approaches that incorporate spatial dispersion characteristics, seasonal variability, and community exposure factors. The results can serve as a foundational basis for improving monitoring site placement and establishing spatially differentiated odor management policies.

This study identifies psychological factors affecting the acceptance of demand-responsive transit (DRT) among elderly residents living in rural areas. Text mining and K-means clustering techniques were used for inductive content analysis to structure responses from multiple individuals regarding local public transportation and DRT services. Based on the structured perception survey results, key utterances were examined by a semantic group to identify clustered factors affecting the individual acceptance of DRT services and to interpret their specific meanings. Furthermore, key strategies for increasing DRT service acceptance were identified based on these interpretations. In-depth interviews were conducted with 53 elderly individuals living in rural areas of Jeju Island and the island regions of Yeosu City to understand their perceptions of local public transportation and DRT services. Text mining and clustering were performed on 173 pre-processed utterances, thus resulting in four core semantic groups: economic feasibility, connectivity, publicness/ethics, and service volume/supply. Through repeated review of utterances assigned to each semantic group, factors related to “publicness and ethics,” such as psychological and community norms including guilt over exclusive use of public resources, were identified as the most influential concerns regarding the introduction of DRT services. Additionally, requirements for connectivity were identified in the regional context, including expectations for integrating DRT with other transportation modes and concerns regarding uncertainties in travel time and distance. Based on these findings, strategies were proposed to improve the acceptance of DRT services among elderly residents in rural areas. The results suggest that, beyond overcoming the digital divide identified in previous studies, additional considerations are necessary when introducing DRT services in rural regions. Specifically, securing social consensus on the implementation, purpose, and broader impact of DRT services is essential for enhancing their acceptance. Furthermore, a DRT service model that accounts for connectivity with other transportation modes must be applied, while service models that reflect regional characteristics and contexts from the planning stage should be designed. By proactively addressing issues related to the digital divide, this study analyzes psychological factors beyond those associated with digital literacy. Future studies may expand to rural areas with diverse characteristics and contexts by applying advanced methodologies.

This study investigated the correlation between compound malodor and total hydrocarbons (THC) to evaluate the potential use of THC as a predictor of compound malodor. A total of 87 samples were analyzed from five target facilities: two petrochemical manufacturing facilities (A, B), a wastewater treatment facility (C), a recycled plastic injection molding facility (D), and a surfactant manufacturing facility (E). The correlation coefficients of compound malodor and THC for each facility were as follows: A: 0.6698, B: 0.8068, C: –0.2767, D: 0.2071, and E: 0.7695. The correlation coefficient for all facilities was 0.5634, indicating a weak correlation. The coefficients of determination for the regression analysis to predict the compound malodor for facilities A, B, and E were 0.4093, 0.6316, and 0.5695, respectively, which validated the results of the correlation analysis. These values improved to 0.8394, 0.6941, and 0.7476 in the multiple regression analysis with the VOC analysis results added as independent variables. Therefore, it is expected that THC measurement that considers the characteristics of the facility can be used to establish a systematic odor management plan.

This study was conducted to investigate the flora of Sonjukdo Island (Yeosu-si), Korea. From results of four field surveys from April 2023 to October 2023, we identified 483 total taxa, representing 440 species, seven subspecies, 35 varieties, and one hybrid. They were placed in 322 genera and 109 families, including 249 taxa newly recorded in this study. Among them, four taxa were endemic to Korea, four taxa were IUCN red list plants, and 22 taxa were climate sensitive indicator plants. Floristic target plants amounted to 99 taxa, including two taxa of grade IV, 41 taxa of grade III, 10 taxa of grade II, and 46 taxa of grade I. A total of 54 taxa of alien plants were identified, with a Naturalized Index of 11.2% and an Urbanization Index of 13.8%. Three plants disturbed the ecosystem. The flora of this surveyed area belongs to the south-coast province among floral provinces of the Korean Peninsula. Our results provide basic data on vascular plants flora, plant species diversity, and distributional changes.

Yeosu National Industrial Complex is one of Korea’s representative petrochemical industrial complexes where crude oil refining and petrochemical companies are concentrated. According to the results of the 2021 chemical emissions survey, during the process of manufacturing, storage, and transportation at the Yeosu National Industrial Complex, various hazardous chemicals, including hazardous air pollutants, volatile organic compounds and odorous substances are being emitted into the air, affecting the surrounding environment and the health of residents. The Ministry of Environment is applying strengthened standards by designating the Yeosu National Industrial Complex as an air conservation special measure area and establishing odor management areas to manage the air environment. Nevertheless, odor complaints continue to be registered and related complaints increase when turnaround work is carried out. Since air emissions are not counted during periods of turnaround as normal operations are temporarily suspended, it was difficult to establish policies to reduce odor complaints because the source of emissions and emission quantities cannot be ascertained with certainty. In this study, the extensive Yeosu National Industrial Complex was subdivided into 4 areas using a mobile vehicle equipped with PTR-ToF-MS capable of real-time analysis without sample pretreatment being carried out. Measurements were repeated during the day, night, and dawn while moving around the internal boundary of the plant and the boundary of each region where turnaround activities were being carried out. As a result, the recorded measurement for acrylonitrile was the highest at 6340.0 ppb and propyne and propene were measured the most frequently at 128 times each. Based on these results, it will be possible to help reduce emissions through process improvement by efficiently operating air measurement networks and odor surveys that conduct regular measurements throughout the year and providing actual measurement data to the plant. Also, it will help reduce odor complaints and establish systematic air management policies.

Gut contents analysis is essential to predict the impact of organisms on food source changes due to variations of the habitat environment. Previous studies of gut content analysis have been conducted using traditional methods, such as visual observation. However, these studies are limited in analyzing food sources because of the digestive process in gut organ. DNA metabarcoding analysis is a useful method to analyze food sources by supplementing these limitations. We sampled marine fish of Pennahia argentata, Larimichthys polyactis, Crangon affinis, Loligo beka and Sepia officinalis from Gwangyang Bay and Yeosu fisheries market for analyzing gut contents by applying DNA metabarcoding analysis. 18S rRNA v9 primer was used for analyzing food source by DNA metabarcoding. Network and two-way clustering analyses characterized the relationship between organisms and food sources. As a result of comparing metabarcoding of gut contents for P. argentata between sampled from Gwangyang Bay and the fisheries market, fish and Copepoda were analyzed as common food sources. In addition, Decapoda and Copepoda were analyzed as common food sources for L. polyactis and C. affinis, respectively. Copepoda was analyzed as the primary food source for L. beka and S. officinalis. These study results demonstrated that gut contents analysis using DNA metabarcoding reflects diverse and detailed information of biological food sources in the aquatic environment. In addition, it will be possible to provide biological information in the gut to identify key food sources by applying it to the research on the food web in the ecosystem.

본 연구는 여수 인근 13개 무인도 주변 해역의 굴 Crassostrea gigas (n=410, SH 43.3±11.4 mm) 에서 확인된 인터섹스 현상을 보고하고자 하였다. 전체 성비(암:수)는 1:1.1이었으나 채집 정점 별로 성비의 차이를 보였다. 가장도, 소경도, 중삼도에서는 암컷이 65% 이상의 높은 비율을 보 였으며, 송도, 초도, 부서도에서는 수컷이 65% 이상의 높은 비율을 나타냈다. 전체 intersexuality 는 약 12.8%로 암컷에서 약 34.7%, 수컷에서 약 64.3%로 수컷에서 높았다. Intersexuality는 가막만의 초도에서 약 43.8%로 가장 높았다. 조직학적으로 인터섹스는 intrafollicular type, interfollicular type, mixed type의 세 가지 형태로 나눌 수 있었다. 이들 세 가지 형태 가운데 intrafollicular type이 약 81.6%로 가장 우세하였다. 본 연구에서 보고된 굴의 인터섹스 원인에 관해서는 추후 세부적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

여수 사도 공룡발자국 화석지는 많은 수의 공룡발자국 화석과 함께 공룡의 집단행동에 대한 연구로 잘 알려진 지역이다. 또한 다양한 종류의 지질유산 및 지형유산이 분포하고 있어 지질관광과 지질교육의 장으로 주목받고 있다. 그러나 지리적 위치에 따른 접근성, 조차에 의한 시간적 제약, 지속적인 풍화 및 훼손에 의해 학생들의 교육을 위한 야외조사는 매우 제한적으로만 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 이번 연구는 최근 다양한 분야에서 이용되고 있는 사진측량법을 이용하여 사도의 공룡발자국 화석들의 3D 모델과 이미지를 생성한 후 이를 통해 과거에 확인하지 못한 화석에 대한 세부적인 정보를 확인함과 동시에 이를 교육자료로 활용 할 수 있는 방안에 대하여 제안하고자 한다. 획득한 3D 이미 지를 통해 확인한 결과 기존에 육안이나 사진으로 확인하지 못하였던 일부 발자국 화석들의 존재를 확인할 수 있었고 기존에 발견된 화석이라도 사진이나 해석 드로잉으로 표현하지 못하였던 세부를 이미지로 나타낼 수 있었다. 또한 발자국 화석의 3D 모델은 향후 반영구적인 데이터로 보존할 수 있어 여러 형태로의 활용과 보존이 가능하다. 이번 연구에서는 사진측량법으로 얻어진 3D 모델을 활용하여 3D 프린팅 및 가상야외조사에 활용할 모바일 증강현실 콘텐츠를 구현하였으며 향후 3D 모델이 필요한 다양한 교육 콘텐츠 분야에서 사진측량법을 활용할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

여수항 묘도수도는 위험물 정제품을 운반하는 위험화물운반선의 주요 선박통항로로 이용되고 있다. 현재 묘도수로에서는 단 독통항만을 허용하고 있고 통항 속력 또한 8노트로 제한되어 있다. 이로 인하여 위험물 정제품 부두에서의 체선료 또한 증가 추세에 있다. 향후 다수의 위험물 정제품 부두의 개발로 인하여 대상해역의 이용선박은 더욱 대형화되고 선박통항량 또한 증가될 것으로 예상하고 있다. 따라서 묘도수로를 이용하는 선박의 안전성 확보 및 체선료 개선을 위해서 묘도수로의 개선이 시급한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 묘도수로의 해상환경 분석 및 해역 이용자 의견수렴 과정을 통하여 묘도수로의 개선안을 제시하였으며, 항만설계기준 검토 및 선박조종 시뮬레이션 평가를 통하여 항로 폭을 300m로 확장하고 수심 950m로 확보하는 방안을 최종적으로 제시하였다. 또한 해상교통혼잡도 평가 결과 현재 단독통항만이 허용되고 있는 상황에서 피크타임 해상교통혼잡도는 71.01%에서 교행이 허용되는 상황에서도 47.3%로 크게 개선되는 것으로 평가되었다. 제시한 묘도수로 개선방안에 따라 대상해역에서의 선박 통항안전성을 확보할 수 있으며, 체선료 문제 또한 개선될 것으로 판단되었다.