This study examine the manner by which media characteristics are reflected in text formation by-, focusing on book advertising on Instagram. By analyzing book advertising, i.e., a type of advertising text on Instagram, from a text-linguistic perspective, this study examines the textual characteristics of Instagram advertising texts and compares them with book advertisements in other media to identify the unique media characteristics of Instagram. Book advertising on Instagram can be categorized into three types: traditional, hide, and fan page. Differences in the structural characteristics and composition of linguistic and visual symbols are observed in each type. Compared with book advertisements in print and video media, the reversal technique due to page-type image exposure, direct exposure to the advertisement target, and intuitive advertisement-content organization can be regarded as examples that reflect the characteristics of Instagram as a medium. In particular, the structure of book advertisements comprising [thumbnail > text > conclusion] reveals the characteristics of the medium the most significantly. Additionally, various aspects such as the linear organization of verbal and visual symbols and hierarchical and complementary relationships, are observed, which are regarded as the characteristics of book advertisements on Instagram.

본 연구는 화장품산업에서 중요한 역할을 담당하는 감성 요소를 마케팅의 주요 수단인 광고에 서 찾고자 화장품 광고를 분석대상으로 삼았다. 광고의 핵심적인 구성 요소인 이미지와 카피 사이의 결속 과 강조 현상을 중심으로 유럽의 화장품 광고에 나타난 소구 전략들을 분석하였다. 분석을 통해 우선 화장 품광고에 나타나는 보완적 결속, 강조적 결속, 반복적 결속 등 이미지와 카피의 결속 유형을 파악할 수 있 었다. 다음으로 화장품 광고의 강조적 특징을 강조의 전략적 차원에서 다양하게 분류하였다. 이러한 분석 을 바탕으로 기능성 화장품 광고에서 강조되는 신뢰, 기대, 기쁨 등의 감성소구의 요소들을 발견하였으며, 이들이 갖는 궁극적인 감성 소구 전략도 파악할 수 있었다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors that enhance the effectiveness of bulk text message advertising on consumer attention in the telecommunications industry in Zimbabwe. Research design, data and methodology: The study collected data using structured questionnaires. The study attracted 293 responses from consumer subscribers of the Zimbabwean telecommunications industry. Data was analysed using SPSS and measures of association, direction, strength and significance were used. Results: The study found out that the examined variables of bulk text messaging (Simplicity, Frequency and Informativeness) had a positive significant impact on consumers‟ attention (𝛽= 0.645; p-value < 0.05). The study examined four bulk text advertising determinants, namely frequency, simplicity, informativeness and credibility. Only credibility was found to be statistically insignificant (p-value > 0.05), whilst frequency had an inverse effect on consumer attention. Simplicity of bulk text advertisements recorded a high positive and significant impact whilst informativeness was also positively, and significantly affecting consumer attention. Conclusions: The study concluded that for bulk text advertising to be effective, text messages should be informative, easy to understand and dispatched less frequently. It was further concluded that bulk text advertising should follow permission marketing where consumers consent before hand to be recipients of commercials.