Plant essential oils from 26 plant species were tested for their insecticidal activities against the Japanese termite, Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe, using a fumigation bioassay. Responses varied with source, exposure time, and concentration. Among the essential oils tested, strong insecticidal activity was observed with the essential oils of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi), allspice (Pimenta dioica), caraway (Carum carvi), dill (Anethum graveolens), geranium (Pelargonium graveolens), and litsea (Litsea cubeba). The composition of six essential oils was identified by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The compounds thus identified were tested individually for their insecticidal activities against Japanese termites. Responses varied in a dose-dependent manner for each compound. Phenol compounds exhibited the strongest insecticidal activity among the test compounds further, alcohol and aldehyde groups were more toxic than hydrocarbons. The essential oils and compounds described herein merit further study as potential fumigants for termite control.

Thirteen plant essential oils were tested for their repellent activity against the bean bug Riptortus clavatus. Among the tested oils, caraway (100%) and clove bud oil (92%) significantly repelled the bean bugs at a dose of 0.142㎕/cm2 by using a Y-tube olfactometer. GC and GC-MS analyses revealed that the active components responsible for the effective repellency of caraway and clove bud oil were carvone (75%) and limonene (76.9%); eugenol (100%), isoeugenol (54.3%) and β-caryophyllene (60.0%), respectively. Of the different active fractions, eugenol was the most significant one than the other components with reference to repellent activity against the bean bugs. In the GC-EAD, limonene and carvone of caraway oil were responded to the antenna of Riptortus clavatus.

점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae)에 대한 3종 식물정유(caraway oil, hyssop oil, lime oil)의 기피활성을 조사하였다. 이들 중 caraway oil이 1,000 ppm의 농도에서 의 기피효과를 나타내었으며, GC와 GC-MS로 분석한 결과 carvone과 limonene이 주요한 성분이었다. 따라서 caraway oil의 주요한 화합물에 대한 기피활성을 검정결과 limonene의 1,000과 100 ppm에서 각각 와 의 기피효과를 나타내었다.