‘Neugeunsuperjami’, a late maturing and blackish purple pigmented rice cultivar, was developed from a cross between Gumjeongbyeo and Hwaseonchalbyeo. During selected by pedigree breeding method until F8 generation, a promising line, SR28757-22-2-4-2-1-1-2-B, was selected and advanced by late maturing and content of Cyanidin 3-glucoside. Advance line designated as the name of ‘KNOU 13’. This variety headed on August 28, 140 days to heading after sowing. The culm length and the panicle length of ‘Neugeunsuperjami’ was 91.0 cm and 20.0 cm, respectively. The number of panicle per hill was 10.5 and the number of grain per panicle was 88.6. The dehulling recovery of ‘Neugeunsuperjami’ was about 80.5% and 1,000-grain weight was about 19.7 g, heavier than that of ‘Heugjinju’. ‘Neugeunsuperjami’ has 3~5 times higher Cyanidin-3-glucoside(C3G) content compared with ‘Heugjinju’.

‘Pareunsuperjami’, a early maturing and blackish purple pigmented rice cultivar, was developed from a cross between Heugjinju and Suwon 425. During selected by pedigree breeding method until F8 generation, a promising line, C3GM(CG2-2-70-1-1-3-2-B), was selected and advanced by early maturing and contents of cyanidin 3-glucoside. Advance line designated as the name of 'KNOU 3'. This variety headed on July. 30, 115 days to heading after sowing. The culm length and the panicle length of 'Pareunsuperjami' was 63.5cm and 21.3cm, respectively. The number of panicle per hill was 9.4 and the number of grain per panicles was 98.0. The ratio of fertility of ' Pareunsuperjami’ was about 80.5% and 1,000-grain weight was about 18.8 g, heavier than that of ‘Heugjinju’. ' Pareunsuperjami ' has 3~4 times higher Cyanidine-3-glucoside(C3G) contents compared with ‘Heugjinju’.

‘대립자미벼’는 한국방송통신대학교 농학과에서 2009년도에 육성한 종실이 크고 C3G 함량이 높은 복합기능성 유색미 품종이다. 주요 특징으로 중부평야지 평균 출수기는 8월 18일로 중만생종이며, 간장은 80.6 cm 정도이고, 종피색이 흑자색인 유색메벼 품종이다. 현미 장폭비는 1.88로 단원형이고, 현미천립중은 27.9 g으로 무거운 대립 품종이다. 종피의 안토시아닌 주색소인 C3G (Cyanidin 3-glucoside) 함량이 ‘흑진주벼’ 보다 3.6배 높은 품종으로 건강기능성 소재 및 가공용으로 활용가치가 높은 것으로 기대된다. 중부평야지역 보통기 보비재배 2개소에서 평균 450 kg/10a 수준으로 ‘흑진주벼’ 대비 16% 증수 되었다.

‘큰눈자미벼’는 한국방송통신대학교 농학과에서 2009년도에 육성한 쌀눈이 크고, C3G 함량이 높은 복합기능성 유색미 품종을 개발하였다. ‘큰눈자미’의 중부평야지 평균 출수기는 8월 13일로 중생종이며, 간장은 87 cm 정도이고, 종피색이 흑자색인 유색메벼 품종이다. 현미천립중은 18.9 g 정도이고, 장폭비는 2.14로 중원형이며, 현미에서 쌀눈의 비율이 8.2% 수준으로 ‘흑진주벼’의 2.5배 정도이며, 현미 1립 기준 쌀눈의 무게가 ‘흑진주벼’의 2.8배 수준인 거대배아미 품종이다. 현미의 지방함량과 Lysine 함량이 ‘흑진주벼’ 보다 높고, 종피의 안토시아닌 주색소인 C3G 함량이 ‘흑진주벼’에 비해 2배 정도 높은 품종으로 건강 기능성 소재로서 활용가치가 높을 것으로 기대된다. 중부평야지역 보통기 보비재배 2개소에서 평균 410 kg/10a 수준으로 ‘흑진주벼’ 대비 5% 증수 되었다.

슈퍼자미'는 한국방송통신대학교 농학과에서 2009년도에 육성한 C3G 고함유 흑자색 품종으로 주요특성과 수량성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 중부평야지 평균 출수기는 8월 25일로 만생종이며, 간장은 75 cm 정도이고, 종피색이 흑자색인 유색메벼 품종이다. 2. 현미천립중은 26.2 g 정도이고, 장폭비는 1.87로 단원형이며, 종피는 흑자색으로 안토시아닌 주색소인 C3G 함량이 '흑진주벼'의 10배 수준으로 색택이 균일한 품종이다. 3. 중부평야지역

Anthocyanin in blackish purple rice is composed of cyanidin, peonidin, malvidin, pelargonidin and delphinidin flavylium ion and their glucosides, which shows antioxidant activity similar to a-tocoperol. It has been demonstrated that cyanidin-3-glucoside(C3G) of anthocyanin has a high-potency antioxidant activity, and is a prominent in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. In analysis of content of anthocyanin from the genetic source of blackish purple rice, the level of C3G was approximately 80% of total contents of anthocyanins, and showed the highest content in Heugjinjubyeo, of which contains an amount of 500 mg by weight of 100g brown rice in comparison that most of varieties has less than 50mg by weight of 100g brown rice. We found that C3G pigment in blackish purple rice was considerably affected by cultural season, cultivation area, ripening temperature, and weather condition, etc. as well as genetic properties. In cross combination between Heugjinjubyeo and Suwon425, intermediate parent F9 generation which was three times higher or more in C3G content than that of Heugjinjubyeo was bred, of which it contained an amount of 1678 mg by weight of 100g brown rice, and we called it 'C3GHi' Rice. And, we found that the C3GHi rice was more excellent than that of the existing Heugjinjubyeo in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. Methanol extract from Heugjinjubyeo was fractionated by organic solvents in order of n-hexane, CH2Cl2 and n-BuOH, and then oryzafuran, quercetin, vanillic acid and protocatechuic acid and their structures from the n-BuOH fraction were ascertained. Oryzafuran of these compounds was a natural compound found firstly in nature. Quercetin and protocatechuic acid besides new compound oryzafuran showed excellent antioxidant ability to vitamin C. These results suggest that blackish purple rice has very high value as a source of various functional food as well as staple food.