철도 분기기는 결선부와 곡선부의 존재로 인하여 선로에서 가장 손상이 많이 발생하는 구간이며, 구조적 건전성을 유지관리하기 위하여 매년 상당한 비용이 투입되고 있다. 레일연마는 이러한 분기기의 레일 손상을 감소시켜 유지관리 비용을 저감할 수 있는 방안 중 하나로 알려져 있으나, 현재까지 국내에서는 분기기 레일 연마를 통한 유지관리 비용 절감 효과를 정 량적으로 연구한 사례가 거의 없는 상황이다. 이 논문에서는 분기기 레일 연마를 통한 유지관리 비용 절감 효과를 다물체 동적 해석프로그램인 VI-Rail을 이용하여 검토하였다. 레일 연마 효과는 레일 표면의 조도를 이용하여 모사하였으며, VI-Rail 프로 그램의 Flextrack 모델을 이용하여 차량-궤도 상호작용해석을 수행하였다. 수치해석은 60kg #8 분기기와 EMU 차량 모델을 이용 하여 수행하였으며, 레일 표면 조도는 실제 궤도에서 측정된 값을 기반으로 작성한 PSD 함수를 이용하여 모사하였다. 해석 결 과 레일 연마는 분기기 레일의 피로 수명을 6.5% 가량 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다.

The domestic natural enemy industry was formed by public institutions before the natural enemy companies were formed. In 1995, during the decentralization period, the technololgy of natural enemy breeding developed by the Rural Development Administration and the Agricultural Research Institute of each province were spread to the Agricultural Technology Centers of each county, Agricultural Technology Centers has supplied a large number of natural enemies to farmers for free. Since the beginning of the 2000s, when the first natural enemy company called Korea-IPM was created in Korea, the natural enemy industry boomed with the birth of Cecil Co., Ltd., a large natural enemy company. Prior to the birth of a natural enemy company, Domestic methods of using nautral enemies to release the natural enemies against the target pests and to test their effectiveness were similar to those of using chemicals. After then, the introduction of banker plant, a natural enemy protection plant, began to develop the concept of natural enemy protection limited to Aphidius colemani, and the effect was excellent. However, there were many cases where the success and failure of biological control were staggered because only the use value of the natural enemy for the target pest was dealt with. Therefore, in our laboratory, we are exploring and developing of the using method of trap plant that can concentrate densities by attracting insect pests. Also, when using a variety of natural enemies in a single plant, we are studying strategies to increase the pest control efficiency by identifying the interraction between natural enemies and determining their amount of releasing.

As a result of the execution of the import liberalization and local autonomy with WTO system launching, centralized rural extension service converted to localized rural extension service. This advent of globalization and localization era affects our over all agricultural condition, moreover the duty and role of rural extension organization which take complete of rural extension, is compelled to diversified and specified technology. In this study, first we will investigate the change of agricultural, rural community, and local rural extension service in globalization and localization era. Second we will analyze the confronted problems of local rural extension service. With this study's outcome for basis, we will present new role and direction of local rural extension service which can contribute to local agricultural development.

The Purpose of this study is investigated to education program and organization in Korea agricultural extension service center. In most cases, the program has steadily operated from 2014 to 2016 in metropolitan cities, specially, In Busan, the greatest education program has been set up twenty one classes during 2014~2016. This study surveyed 114 departments of 3 Agricultural Research & Extension Services and 75 Agricultural Technology Centers in 8 metropolitan cities, 9 provinces and 67 cities and counties, which implemented the consumer horticultural education programs in 2016. Twenty one agricultural extension service centers has started the consumer horticulture program undertaking for the first time in 2016. Experienced education program had been conducted to the facilities for the consumer horticulture programs in the agricultural extension service centers and training in the educational farm. Specially The Seoul Metropolitan Government had the largest educational training center in 53.136 m2, with the largest educational farm in Gangwon-do province and the most popular crops were fruit. The research suggested that the consumer horticultural of educational practice and the short & long term of improvement efforts of latent educational curriculum. Agricultural Technology Centers had lands and facilities for exiting agricultural education and the environment to use nearby farms as education farms by establishing a network. Furthermore reconsidering is needed to improve the content, a systematic study of educational practice reformation plan to improve the quality of educational practice.