Currently, flies are used to pollinate Welsh onion for seed production. However, the use of flies for pollination has caused problems in Welsh onion seed production due to sanitation issues, smell, and the difficulty of feeding the flies. Therefore, we investigated the effects of pollination with bumblebees (Bombus terrestris), flies (e.g., houseflies, flesh flies, blue bottle flies), mason bees (Osmia cornifrons), honeybees (Apis mellifera) and blowflies (Lucilia illustris) in a small net screen house (2.2m×1.7m×2.5m) for onion seed production. Although the number of flies was about three times than that of other insect pollinators, fies and bumblebees showed equivalent pollination ratios, but the remaining three insect species showed lower values. For the percentage of seed set per umbel, the number of seeds per flower and umbel, bumblebees and flies showed similar results. These results showed that pollination by bumblebees can be used as an alternative approach in breeding Welsh onion. An analysis of the most appropriate colony of bumblebees for use as pollinators for breeding Welsh onion in a small net screen house showed that colony of fifty to eighty bees was the most efficient level. The visiting time on the flower and spending time from a flower to another flower of B. terrestris worker on small net screen house was 2.2 seconds and 1.8 seconds, respectively.

In recent years, not only the cultivation area of Jujube in Korea but also the number of pest species has increased. The farmers farming environmentally friendly are in great difficulty because there are no effective control devices. This study was conducted to investigate the control effect of the insect screen net on three pest species (Apolygus spinolae, Dasineura sp. and Carposina sasakii) in Jujube orchard when the pests were blocked by insect screen net. For the first and second surveys, the damage rates by A. spinolae were 9.06, 13.95% in 50 mesh, 4.75, 10.17% in 25 mesh, 5.68, 11.84% in 18mesh mesh of insect screen net and 21.6, 36.34% in untreated insect screen net, respectively. The damage rates by Dasineura sp. were 0.54, 0.13% in 50 mesh, 0.93, 2.84% in 25 mesh, 1.05, 13.45% in 18 mesh mesh of insect screen net and 11.1, 26.65% in untreated insect screen net. Carposina sasakii were completely blocked in all the treatments. Damages on Jujube were not observed by insect screen net. Therefore, insect screen net is effective on insect pest control for Jujube.