본 논문은 CFD 해석법을 이용하여 사고 선박의 손상부 형상에 따른 기름 유출량 변화를 예측하고, 이론 추정식에서 이를 고려 할 수 있는 방출계수 도출 결과를 소개한다. Froude수와 Reynolds수 상사를 만족하는 조건에서 다상유동 해석법을 사용하여 모형선 크기의 기름 유출 문제를 다루었다. 수치해석 결과는 알려진 실험 결과와 비교하여 검증하였다. 수학적 형상들로 정의한 손상부 형상의 변화와 함께 손상부 가로세로비와 기름탱크 두께의 변화가 기름 유출 유동에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 보다 현실적인 상황을 고려하기 위해 손상부의 찧어진 철판의 영향에 대한 해석도 포함하였다. 수치해석 결과를 통해 사고 선박의 손상부 형상에 따른 기름 유출량의 변화를 확인하였으며, 다양한 손상부 형상이 가지는 점성 영향을 방출계수로 정량화하여 추출하였다. 본 논문에서 제시하는 방출계수에 대한 검 증을 위하여 알려진 기름 유출량 주정식에게 적용하였으며, CFD 해석과 좋은 일치를 얻었다.

In recent years, on average, 270 domestic marine pollution accidents are occurring a year and especially, damage by oil outflow accidents is extremely serious. These large-scale oil outflow accidents bring about a very huge damage to marine living resources and recovery of nature and it takes a long period of time to restore. Therefore, this study aims to examine the increase in the marine pollution control staff over the last decade focusing on the Maritime Pollution Response Bureau that is an organization affiliated to Korea Coast Guard run by the state and compare the number of marine accidents and marine pollutant outflow. Over the past decade, the pollution staff has increased to 110, which is 30 percent higher than the total number of employees and excepting the large-scale outflow accident of a specific year, the outflow has slowly decreased by nearly 55 percent. Although marine pollution accidents have partially grown, most of them are slight careless faults in small fishing vessels with a weight of 50 tons or under. In conclusion, the increase in the marine pollution control staff has led to the decrease in outflow, which means obviously, increasing the marine pollution control staff has had a positive influence on improvement in marine pollutant outflow.

미국선녀벌레[Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830)]는 북미 원산 해충으로 2009년 3개 시군에서 공식적으로 확인된 후, 2016년 60개 시군으로 급격히 분포지역이 확대된 침입 해충이다. 이들은 기주범위가 넓고, 산림지 방제의 어려움 등으로 발생밀도가 증가하여 단감원을 비롯한 농작물 재배지에 큰 피해를 주고 있다. 단감 포장에서 미국선녀벌레의 발생 시기와 밀도 및 분포를 조사하기 위해 포장내 30개 지점에 끈끈이트랩을 설치하였고, 유입 및 유출 패턴을 조사하기 위해 포장주위에 약 15~20m 간격으로 끈끈이트랩을 설치하여 10일 간격으로 조사하였다. 단감포장 내에서 5월 중순부터 약충이, 7월부터 성충이 발생하였으며 성충의 발생 최성기는 8월 중순이었다. 유출입 패턴은 5월 하순에 유입이 가장 많았고, 8월 중순이후 성충의 유출이 관찰되었고, 포장내로 산란을 위해 유입되는 개체도 관찰할 수 있었다.

Daecheong Reservoir was made by the construction of a large dam (>15 m in height) on the middle to downstream of the Geum River and the discharge systems have the watergate-spillway (WS), a hydropower penstock (HPP), and two intake towers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the limnological anomalies of turbid water reduction, green algae phenomenon, and oligotrophic state in the lower part of reservoir dam site, and compared with hydro-meteorological factors. Field surveys were conducted in two stations of near dam and the outlet of HPP with one week intervals from January to December 2000. Rainfall was closely related to the fluctuations of inflow, outflow and water level. The rainfall pattern was depended on the storm of monsoon and typhoon, and the increase of discharge and turbidity responded more strongly to the intensity than the frequency. Water temperature and DO fluctuations within the reservoir water layer were influenced by meteorological and hydrological events, and these were mainly caused by water level fluctuation based on temperature stratification, density current and discharge types. The discharges of WS and HPP induced to the flow of water bodies and the outflows of turbid water and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. Especially, when hypoxic or low-oxygen condition was present in the bottom water, the discharge through HPP has contributed significantly to the outflow of phosphorus released from the sediment into the downstream of dam. In addition, HPP effluent which be continuously operated throughout the year, was the main factor that could change to a low trophic level in the downreservoir (lacustrine zone). And water-bloom (green-tide) occurring in the lower part of reservoir was the result that the water body of upreservoir being transported and diffused toward the downreseroir, when discharging through the WS. Finally, the hydropower effluent was included the importance and dynamics that could have a temporal and spatial impacts on the physical, chemical and biological factors of the reservoir ecosystem.

Recent high-resolution, high-sensitivity observations of protostellar jets have shown many to possess an underlying `wiggle' structure. HH 211 is one such example where recent sub-mm observations revealed a clear re ection-symmetric wiggle. An explanation for this is that the HH211 jet source is moving as part of a protobinary system. Here we test this assumption by simulating HH211 through 3D hydrodynamic simulations using the pluto code with a molecular chemistry and cooling module, and initial conditions based on an analytical model derived from SMA observations. Molecular chemistry allows us to accurately plot synthetic molecular emission maps and position-velocity diagrams for direct comparison to observa- tions, enabling us to test the observational assumptions and put constraints on the physical parameters of HH211. Our preliminary results show that the re ection-symmetric wiggle can be recreated through the assumption of a jet source being part of a binary system.

We present [Fe ii] ⋋ 1.257 μm spectra toward the interacting binary UY Aur with 0:0014 angular resolution, obtained with the Near infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS) combined with the adaptive optics system Altair of the GEMINI observatory. In the [Fe ii] emission, UY Aur A (primary) is brighter than UY Aur B (secondary). The blueshifted and redshifted emission between the primary and secondary show a complicated structure. The radial velocities of the [Fe ii] emission features are similar for UY Aur A and B: ~ —100 km s-1 and ~ +130 km s-1 for the blueshifted and redshifted components, respectively. Considering the morphologies of the [Fe ii] emissions and bipolar out ow context, we concluded that UY Aur A drives fast and widely opening out ows with an opening angle of ~90° while UY Aur B has micro collimated jets.