This study aimed to find the psycho-social characteristics and their related factors among long-term convicts. Considering length of sentence, 355 inmates sentenced over ten-year incarceration were surveyed from 6 correctional facilities. The study tried to find the relationship between the psycho-social characteristics of long-term inmates which was defined "the extent of recognition attitude change", "attitude toward law" and the correctional environment factors(length of incarceration, penalty experience during incarceration, vocational training experience, level of satisfaction on treatment programs), importation factors(sex, age, education level, former incarceration experience). The major findings and implications on treatment for long-term inmates were as follow: First, a model of the correctional environment factors on "the extent of recognition attitude change" was not adequate. On the other hand, "the level of satisfaction on treatment programs" was significantly related to "attitude toward law"; the higher the satisfaction which the correctional facilities gave, the attitude toward law was positive. Second, regarding importation model, "sex" was significantly related to "recognition attitude change". In "attitude toward law", all importation factors except for former incarceration experience had a statistical meaning; women, older and higher educated long-term inmates had positive attitude toward law. Third, seeing the influence of importation factors, early intervention than post care to the risky groups to reduce the possibility of re-offence is admirable. Also correctional treatment programs for long-term inmates should be provided based on individuality of long-term inmates. Finally, the study suggests that the correctional treatment focus on education programs to change recognition attitude for men inmates, the maintenance of family relations and adaption programs for women.