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Analysis of barley ingredients cultivated under different growing conditions in plant factory
A quality of forage under optimal condition needs to be evaluated because an optimal condition for high productivity does not guarantee high quality product. In this study, we aimed at investigating a quality of barley grown under optimal conditions for maximizing productivity by comparing its ingredient contents with those under other conditions in plant factory-type fresh forage growing system. To compare the ingredient in barley grown at 4 conditions, we used multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Tukey’s post-hoc test. The optimal growth condition (20 and 63% of humidity) was applied to the first group (group 1), while other groups were cultivated under 20 / 90% (group 2), 18 / 63% (group 3), and 23 / 63% (group 4). In the analysis, contents of ingredients in each sample were measured at two parts, i.e., roots and shoots. Result showed that roots included 86.68% of moisture, 1.86% of crude-protein, 0.58% of crude-fat, 2.13% of crude-fiber, 195.78 ppm of minerals, and 231.48 μmol/g of amino acids. For shoots, 92.42% of moisture, 2.52% of crude-protein, 0.16% of crude-fat, 1.86% of crude-fiber, 263.78 ppm of minerals, and 208.34 μmol/g of amino acids were contained. When comparing by groups, moisture, crude-fat, and some minerals (Fe, Na, and P) were not significantly different by groups. In contrast, crude-protein, crude-fiber, and few minerals (Ca and K) were different. Overall, the variation in total amount of ingredient was less than 20% among groups, suggesting quality of barley under optimal conditions for productivity was acceptable. In conclusion, the optimal condition for yielding maximal productivity maintains barley quality, but an operating conditions needs to be changed when emphasizing functional aspect of forage.
