본 연구는 인삼의 재배단계에서의 생물학적 위해요소를 조사하고 그 결과를 인삼 GAP 실천 모델의 개발을 위한 기초자료로 제공하기 위해 수행하였다. 충남 금산에 소재 한 인삼 경작지 3곳에서 재배환경, 작물, 개인위생 항목에 대해 총 96점의 시료를 수집하여 위생지표세균, 병원성미생물, 그리고 곰팡이에 대해 분석하였다. 일반세균과 대장균군, 곰팡이의 오염도는 각각 1.3~6.0, 0.1~5.0 및 0.4~4.9 log CFU/g (or mL, hand, and 100 cm2)으로 확인되었고, 대장균의 경우 C 농장의 농업용수에서 검출되었다. 병원성 미생물은 모든 시료에서 B. cereus만 0.1~4.9 log/g (or mL, hand, and 100 cm2)범위로 검출되었으며, L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. 및 S. aureus는 검출되지 않았다. 이상의 결과 인삼 경작지 3곳은 미생물학적 위해요소에 대해서는 안전한 것으로 나타났으나, 주변 환경이나 작업자들에 의해 교차오염이 발생할 가능성은 항상 존재하므로 보다 안전성이 확보된 인삼을 재배하기 위해서 미생물학적 위해요소의 관리과 포함된 GAP 모델의 적용이 필요하다.

This study validated microbiological hazards of ginseng farms at the cultivation stage and suggested recommendations to develop a good agricultural practices (GAP) model. A total of 96 samples were collected from cultivation environments (soil, irrigation water, and atmosphere), plants (ginseng and its leaf), personnel hygiene (glove, cloth, and hand) of 3 ginseng farms (A, B, and C) and were tested to analyze sanitary indicator bacteria (aerobic plate count, coliforms and Escherichia coli), major foodborne pathogens (E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus), and fungi. Total bacteria, coliform, and fungi in the 3 ginseng farms were detected at the level of 1.3~6.0, 0.1~5.0, and 0.4~4.9 v/g (or mL, hand, and 100 cm2), respectively. Only irrigation water collected from one ginseng farm was confirmed to be E. coli positive. In case of pathogenic bacteria, B. cereus was detected at levels of 0.1~5.0 log CFU/g (or mL, hand, and 100 cm2) in all samples, but other pathogen bacterias were not detected in any samples from all farms. Although E. coli were detected in irrigation water, the level of microbial for the three farms was lower than the regulation limit. According to the results, the ginsengs produced from the 3 farms were comparatively safe with respect to microbiological hazard. However, cross-contamination of bacteria from environments and workers to ginseng has been considered as potential risks. Therefore, to minimize microbial contamination in ginseng, GAP model should be applied for ensuring the safety of ginsengs.

ABSTRACT
 재료 및 방법
  시료채취
  위생지표세균 및 곰팡이의 오염도 측정
  병원성 미생물의 오염도 측정
  공중낙하균의 오염도 측정
 결과 및 고찰
  토양 및 농업용수의 위해분석
  인삼의 위해분석
  작업자 개인위생의 위해분석
 요 약
 참고문헌

• 심원보(광주과학기술원 물리화학부) | Won-Bo Shim (School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology)
• 김정숙(경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원) | Jeong-Sook Kim (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
• 정덕화(경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원, 경상대학교 응용생명과학부) | Duck-Hwa Chung (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University) Correspondence to