Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of simulation-based disaster nursing education programs on nursing college students’ disaster nursing knowledge, attitude toward disasters, and basic disaster nursing implementation abilities. Method: This study is similar to an experimental study that applied before-and-after designs for test groups and control groups. It was configured focusing on “earthquakes,” “fires,” “infectious diseases,” and “hospital disaster preparation.” Our simulation-based disaster nursing education program was configured to improve nursing students’ abilities to immediately respond to problems through the integration of nursing courses. Results: The test group that received the simulation-based disaster nursing education program showed a statistically significant increase in disaster nursing knowledge, attitude toward disasters, and basic disaster nursing implementation abilities, compared to the control group. Conclusion: Through the results of this study, simulation-based disaster nursing education programs were found to be effective in improving disaster nursing implementation abilities. Therefore, efforts should be made so that simulation-based disaster nursing educational courses take root to improve the disaster preparedness abilities of college students majoring in nursing.