Background: As technology has progressed, various robot-assisted devices have been developed to reduce therapists’ labor and assist in therapy. However, due to their many limitations, it is more practical to use traditional mechanical devices. The grahamizer is one such traditional mechanical device used clinically to rehabilitate the upper extremities. No study has yet established the efficacy of the grahamizer in individuals with stroke.
Objects: This study investigated the immediate change in arm reaching after the use of a grahamizer.
Methods: Twenty-two stroke survivors participated in this study (11 males and 11 females). The reaching of the more-affected arm was measured three times using the three-dimentional electromagnetic motion tracking system “trakSTAR”. After the first measurement, the subjects performed 500 rotatory arm exercises using the grahamizer. To assess the grahamizer’s effect, the subjects were remeasured in the same way.
Results: There were significant increases in the reaching distance (p < 0.05) and movement smoothness (p < 0.05) of the more-affected arm after using the grahamizer.
Conclusion: Our study confirms that using the grahamizer is beneficial in the rehabilitation for improving movement of the more-affected arm in stroke survivors.

INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
REFERENCES

• 박일우(연세대학교 대학원 물리치료학과) | Il-woo Park (Department of Physical Therapy, The Graduate School, Yonsei University)
• 김수진(전주대학교 의과학대학 물리치료학과) | Su-jin Kim (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Science, Jeonju University)
• 이충휘(연세대학교 보건과학대학 물리치료학과) | Chung-hwi Yi (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Yonsei University) Corresponding Author
• 문일영(연세대학교 대학원 물리치료학과) | Il-young Moon (Department of Physical Therapy, The Graduate School, Yonsei University)