The Influence of Young Children’s School Readiness, Academic Ability, and Social Competence on School Adaptation and Academic Performance
본 연구는 취학 전 유아의 학교준비도, 학업능력, 사회적 유능감과 초등학교 아동의 학교적응, 학업수행능력 간의 관계를 살펴보고, 유아기 변인이 취학 이후 학교적응과 학업수행능력에 미치는 영향을 탐구하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구목적 달성을 위해 한국아동패널 7차와 8차 자료를 토대로 상관분석과 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 취학 전 유아의 학교준비도, 학업능력, 사회적 유능감과 초등학교 입학 이후 아동의 학교적응, 학업수행능력은 모두 ‘보통’ 이상의 수준을 나타냈으며, 주요 변인 간에 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 아동의 초등학교 적응에는 유아의 학교준비도가 가장 큰 영향을 주며 학업능력, 사회적 유능감 순으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 아동의 학업수행능력에는 유아의 학업능력이 가장 큰 영향을 주며 사회적 유능감, 학교준비도 순으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 유아의 초등학교 적응과 학업수행능력 향상 방안 모색에 기초자료를 제공하고, 가정과 유아교육기관의 초등학교 준비, 유·초 연계 교육과정 설계에 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between young children's school readiness, academic ability, social competence and children's adaptation to elementary school and academic performance, and to explore the effects of early childhood variables on school adaptation and academic performance after enrollment. To achieve the research objectives, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted based on the data of the 7th and 8th Korean Children's Panel. As a result of the study, first, young children's school readiness, academic ability, social competence, and children's school adaptation and academic performance after entering elementary school were all higher than medium level, and there was a positive correlation between the major variables. Second, it was found that young children's readiness for learning had the greatest effect on children's adjustment to elementary school, followed by academic ability and social competence. In addition, it was found that young children's academic ability has the greatest effect on children's academic performance, and social competence and learning readiness have an effect in the order noted. It is the author's hope that the results of this study will provide basic data for finding ways to improve children's elementary school adaptation and academic performance, along with discussing implications regarding the preparation of elementary school children in home and in early childhood education institutions, and act as a design to curriculum linked to early childhood education.