This study evaluated the migrant and residue tests of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), and antimony (Sb) in 70 tumbler samples. The migration levels of hazardous metals in all the samples were within the migration limits outlined in the Korean standards and specifications for utensils, containers, and packages. Moreover, in all the tumbler samples, only Ni was detected in 0.5% citric acid solution of a food stimulant. The maximum level of Ni 0.0144 mg/L was 14.4% of the migrant specification (not more than 0.1 mg/L), which was relatively safe. The 0.5% citric acid solution was eluted at 4oC, 70oC, and 100oC for 30 min, and only Ni was detected while testing for migration levels according to the temperature variations; all temperature conditions conformed to the standards. The level of Ni migration increased significantly with increasing migration temperature. Regarding the residue level outside the paint-coated tumbler samples, the Pb level was found to range from N.D. to 20638.1323 mg/kg. The risk of Ni was further estimated to be at a safe level of 0.00 to 0.01% compared to the %TDI as a result.

ABSTRACT
Materials and Methods
    시료
    표준용액 및 시약
    표준용액 및 시험용액의 조제
    분석조건
    검출한계 및 정량한계
    안전성평가
    통계처리
Results and Discussion
    분석법 검증
    텀블러 내부 pH 조건 변화에 따른 용출량 조사
    텀블러 내부 온도 조건 변화에 따른 용출량 조사
    텀블러 외부(페인트 코팅 제품) 잔류량 조사
    안전성평가
국문요약
Conflict of interests
ORCID
References

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