In order to achieve the goal of new rural construction in Heilongjiang province, national building energy-saving and emission reduction requirements, Harbin Institute of technology and Heilongjiang provincial research organizations cooperated for many years and finished this technological research project. the achievements include rural average heating energy consumption survey, rural energy-saving residential design suitable for different levels of consumption , detail structures, first applying of energy rural residential ventilation ,the research and development of new industrialized energy efficiency residence, rural, as well as releasing the Heilongjiang rural energy conservation housing construction technology guide. Passed a number of practical engineering inspections, with the significant environmental, economic and social benefits, widespread praising, this issue results won the 2010 Heilongjiang province science and technology progress second prize.

Recent apartment houses tend to expose the problems of unbalanced floor temperatures and real temperature due to changes in thermal performance arising from reinforced insulation and air tightness. In this study, the indoor thermal environment was analyzed against the apartment unit household in the type of individual heating, central heating, and District Heating methods in order to determine the operational status of indoor thermal environments and heating system by Heating supply systems. The temperature of hot water supplied at the time the indoor loads occurs to the maximum by Heating supply systems was found to rise in order to individual heating (70℃) , central heating(47℃) and District Heating (41℃). The hot water supply frequency showed variable changes in the range of 3 to 6 times per day in cases of individual heating while periodical changes was ranging from 3 or 4 times a day in the case of central heating and district heating. The width of variation of floor surface temperatures depending on the temperature of the supply water was found to be in order of Individual Heating, District Heating, and Central Heating. The average floor surface temperature appeared similar to the hot water supply temperature pattern in the order of 26.4 to 30.2℃ for Individual Heating, 28.2 to 28.6℃ for Central Heating, and 24.8 to 29.4℃for District Heating. In the case of non-heating where heating is not implemented, the temperature of the floor surface was 22.8℃ to 26.0℃ showing the same temperature as the indoor temperature. Heating supply appeared to be maintained in a stable manner overall in a sporadic manner ranging from 3 to 6 times a day, which was maintained in a stable manner on the whole regardless of the heating method.

Gudul is a traditional heating system which was created by our ancestors. This study is focused to the developments of new flooring material through the physical and chemical analyses of the Gudul rocks. The study proceeded with selecting the theme and study areas, sampling, geological survey, several analyses of the rocks, development of new floor material (a kind of porcelain). Gudul rocks are sampled from a total of twenty one cities and counties are assigned to nine tuffs, five quartz porphyries, four gneisses and three schists in rock type. From the geological study, these rocks are very similar to ones in surrounding areas. Comparing Gudul rocks to others not used in Ondol, Gudul rocks show low densities, higher porosities and brittle features. Analyzed in thermal properties, the rocks are lower in conductivity but higher in conservation and resistance in the aspects of the properties. Considering mutual relations between thermal properties and chemistries of the rocks, conservative characteristics are proportional to MgO contents but not to SiO2. In particular, minute quartz grains in the rocks were gradually cracked and rejected under torch flames. Those features may indicate that quartz grains are closely related with the thermal resistances of the rocks. On the basis of above rock characteristics, new flooring material was made. The material includes the mixed states of amphibolite sludges with high MgO contents and white china soils (bearing kaolinte). Then, the material was tested in the above thermal properties under the variable mixed ratios. At the results, 4:6 (sludge : soil) ratio was the most excellent among above tested materials. So, the textiles used in architecture and the electric heating cushion and the mugcups were produced as test goods.

This paper introduces the basic classification of Ondol, the number and form of main entrance, distribution as a basis for classification. And it introduces the various practices and structural characteristics of Ondol. Details are introduced in various forms Ondol of the working principle. In the paper, it also did a more detailed exposition for some of the concepts right.

As the Inter-floor Thermal Insulation Regulation of apartment house applies, in this study, indoor thermal performance and downward heat loss between the cases when insulation exists and doesn t exist change in the thickness of the structure slab under the inter-floor noise isolation standard, and thermal characteristic of typical floor structure will be compared and analyzed through simulation. And the resultant information will be provided as the basic data for designing Ondol heating design suitable for the property of apartment houses in Korea. As the Inter-floor Thermal Insulation Regulation applies since 2001, upward thermal performance was found to increase by 2~3% but downward heat loss decrease by approx. 30% or more representing that remarkable portion of downward heat loss is reduced. As result of comparing five prototype floor structures, upward thermal performance of the standard floor structure was found to be 70~71 W/㎡ while downward heat loss was, in the case of prototype floor structure, 10~11 W/㎡. As result of simulating the change in thermal performance as per the height of hot water supply pipes, it was found that upward thermal performance increases as the height of pipe gets higher. On the other hand, the difference of temperature between the place right above the pipe and the in-between place gets larger, which implies that thermal performance and difference of hot water temperature should be taken into account in the design of Ondol structure. The difference of upward thermal performances according to the height of pipe and downward heat losses were found to be approx. 10.8% and 5.81% respectively. The thermal performance information in prototype floor structure suggested in this study will be used for the basic data for the design of Ondol heating design.

This study is Korean traditional heating system, named 'AZABANG'. Ondol characterized by“ Azabang ”is dated back to 119 AD and it has approximately 2000 years history. Among various kinds of traditional radiant floor heating system, Ondol is the most reasonable and scientific one. This type of imaginative Ondol which have superior ability to keep temperature during a long period, roughly 100 days could be attributable to the special structural pattern . The Ondol characterized by "Azabang" represents extraordinary creativeness originated from Korean traditional culture and at the same time, it is the significant evidence that those missing historical rings, in some degree, have been connected. Therefore we well do our best to apply the scientific and reasonable concept into the real world.