Since Dolichovespula kuami Kim & Yoon was first recorded in Korea in 1996, there has been ongoing debate over its valid specific status. However, through recent analysis of the male genitalia structure and DNA barcode, it has been proven that it is a different species from D. flora Archer, which live in China. D. kuami is an endemic species that mainly lives in forest areas in the central and northern parts of South Korea. It is a hornet species that is relatively rare due to low nest density. Therefore, little is known about their ecological characteristics. However, as numerous wasps of D. kuami were recently collected in the Jilin Province of China, their distribution records have been confirmed to be beyond the Korean Peninsula to China. Therefore, this study aims to record the distribution of D. kuami in China for the first time.

Nicrophorus Fabricius, 1775, commonly known as necrophagous beetle, is associated with vertebrate carrion. Up to date, the genus consists of 72 species worldwide. In recent years, various phylogenetic studies explored on the evolution and relationship of the species in the genus. However, morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies produced conflicting results, continuing the problem over whether Nicrophrous quadraticollis is monotypic or not. The present study is to report the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of N. quadraticollis that was sequenced in prior to a systematic research of Silphinae. It was 17,747bp in length and comprised 12 protein-coding genes(PCGs), 2 rRNA Genes, 22 tRNA Genes and one non-coding region. The nucleotide composition is 40.9% for A, 36.7% for T, 9.0% for G and 13.4% for C.

The genus Anaclasiger which is one of the myrmecophilous beetle (Clavigeritae) was described by Raffray in 1890 with the type species, A. sinuaticollis. Since then, only one species, A. zhudiae, had been added in this genus. The former species has known to distribute in Singapore (type locality), Taiwan (Raffray, 1914), Malaysia (Nomura & Idris, 2005), Thailand and Japan (Nomura et al., 2006), and the latter has been reported only in China (Yin et al., 2012). During specimens research of Korea National Arboretum, we were recognized one species, A. sinuaticollis, collected by pitfall trap in Mt. Geombong. Therefore, we are going to report this unrecorded genus and species for the first time from Korea. Both the information of the species including diagnosis, habitus and male genitalia, and that of the genus distribution on the map are going to be provided.

The mayfly genus Drunella is the most diverse genera in the family Ephemerellidae, and is found in lotic streams throughout East Asia and North America. The species D. ishiyamana is found widely throughout East Asia and their species concept has not been properly defined until recently. The D. ishiyamana species group was examined, and morphological and molecular evidence of a new species were uncovered. In this study Drunella punctata sp. nov. is formally described, mainly distinguished from D. ishiyamana by the lack of a notch in their median clypeal tubercle in their larval stage. Photographs, diagnosis, and descriptions of D. punctata are provided.

The family Anamorphidae Strohecker is a beetle family that comprises about 170 species worldwide. This family was traditionally considered as a subfamily of the family Endomychidae Leach because of their similar appearance, but a phylogenetic study revealed it is a separate family. The adults of this family can be distinguished from endomychid species by possessing a tentorium with corpotentorium and separated anterior arms, mesocoxal cavities being broadly closed by meso- and metaventrites, and others. Although more than 20 species have been reported in East Asia, this family has never been reported in Korea. In this study, the family Anamorphidae Strohecker and its 5 species of 3 genera, Bystodes kidoi Sasaji, Bystodes sp.1, Bystodes sp.2, Dexialia hiranoi Narukawa, Idiophyes sp., are reported for the first time in Korea. Illustrations of habitus and diagnostic characters of each species are provided.

This study focuses on developing diagnostic compositions, kits, and information provision methods for identifying species-specific genes in domestically residing Reticulitermes speratus and Reticulitermes kanmonensis, as well as the recently introduced Cryptotermes domesticus. The core innovation of this invention lies in the utilization of species-specific genetic markers to facilitate rapid and accurate species identification using a PCR (polymerase chain reaction)-based diagnostic technique. This approach enables swift identification of termites at quarantine stages, contributing to efficient management of imported goods and minimizing ecological and economic damages caused by termites. Through genome analysis of termites, this research has identified candidate species-specific genetic markers, developed diagnostic compositions and kits based on these markers, and proposed a rapid diagnostic method capable of determining termite species within a day, optimally within three hours. This invention provides a groundbreaking tool for termite management and research, significantly contributing to pest control and biodiversity conservation efforts.

Oriental fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis) are one of the most important pests in horticulture worldwide. The distribution information of this species is not easy to be found as it is scattered in many forms of publications such as books, journals, and research reports. The study was conducted by collecting data from various resources, analyzing the information, and interpreting the results. As a result, B. dorsalis was confirmed to be distributed in a total of 82 countries, and the distribution status of each country is presented by dividing it into present (widespread, localized, few occurrences, under eradication) and absent (eradicated, confirmed by survey, intercepted only, invalid presence record). This review is very useful for biologists, entomologists, as well as practitioners of plant protection.

Neomyrhessus Minkina, 2024, is a rare genus comprising six species, recently erected from Myrhessus Balthasar, 1955 for N. nanjingensis. To date, all six species have been reported in East Asia, with five from Japan and one from China. In this study, the genus Neomyrhessus is recorded for the first time in South Korea, with the discovery of a new species Neomyrhessus coreanus sp. nov. Description, illustrations of morphological characters, and habitat information for a new species are provided.

The genus Trixagus Kugelann is one of the most diverse genera in the family Throscidae Laporte, which comprises about 80 species. Only a single species of this genus has been reported in Korea throughout the entire family. In this study, three additional species, Trixagus sp., Trixagus leseigneuri Muona, and Trixagus turgidus Hisamatsu are reported for the first time in Korea. Similar to that of the species illustrated in Kovalev, males of Trixagus leseigneuri Muona and Trixagus turgidus Hisamatsu possess sexual modification on mesotarsus. Trixagus sp. and Trixagus turgidus Hisamatsu exhibit characters that are unusual for this genus, including the unincised eye, a blade-like structure on the protibia, and others. Illustrations of habitus and diagnostic characters of each species are provided.

The North Korean sawflies housed in the Hymenoptera Collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum are studied, with a focus on the subfamilies Athaliinae and Allantinae. Five genera and ten species of the two subfamilies are identified. Athalia indiana Benson is reported for the first time from East Asia (North Korea), and further eight species and one subspecies are discovered in the new country of North Korea: Allantus helanshanicus Wei, Li and Xiao, Apethymus kolthoffi (Forsius), A. sidorenkoi Sundukov, Athalia japonica (Klug), A. proxima (Klug), A. rosae ruficornis Jakowlew, Beleses satonis (Takeuchi), Taxonus carbonarius Takeuchi, and T. montanus Togashi. Additionally, Athalia infumata (Marlatt) syn. nov. is considered a junior subjective synonym of A. proxima (Klug). Diagnoses and photographs of the newly recorded species are provided, as well as new distributional records and brief notes on the new synonymy.

The genus Priopoda is a small group of the subfamily Ctenopelmatinae, comprising 22 species from worldwide, 10 species from the Eastern Palaearctic and 13 species from the Oriental region. This species and genus are report for the first time from South Korea. The Ctenopelmatinae comprises one of the two major radiations of parasitoids of sawflies. The approximately 1,350 species have been reported in 105 genera and nine tribes. In this study, diagnoses and photos of four unrecorded species from South Korea are provided.

The genus Helictes is a small group of the subfamily Orthocentrinae, comprising 11 species from worldwide, most species from the Palaearctic region, four species from the Nearctic, and two species from the Neotropical region. This subfamily is wide morphological variation between genera but most are readily recognizable as orthocentrines. They are generally small sized, clypeus strongly convex and malar space long. Among them, this genus is reported for the first time from South Korea. In this study, description, photographs of diagnostic characterists are provided.

The jewel beetle, Trachy dilaticeps Gebhardt, 1928 has been known to occur in Japan, China, Taiwan, and Vietnam hitherto. This species is typically distributed in Oriental region. In the case of Palaearctic region, it has only been documented in Japan (Kyushu). In this study, we report T. dilaticeps for the first time from Korea, along with its diagnostic characters. Ecological and distributional information is also provided herein.

The family Cryptophagidae Kirby (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea) comprises minute beetles, with approximately 800 described species within about 50 genera worldwide. Most members of this family are found in moldy environments and feed on fungal spores and hyphae. The Korean cryptophagid fauna is poorly known, consisting of 22 species belonging to 8 genera. In this study, seven species of Cryptophagidae reported for the first time in Korea: Atomaroides ussurica (Lyubarsky), Cryptophagus micaceus Rey, Cryptophagus pumilus Reitter, Cryptophagus zonatus Lyubarsky, Henoticus pilifer Reitter, Micrambe (Micrambinus) bimaculata (Panzer), and Serratomaria vulgaris Sasaji. Illustrations of habitus, male genitalia, and collection localities of these seven species are provided.

Weevils are known as economic and agricultural pests. Additionally, many entimine beetles are also known to cause harm in agriculture. On the other hand, soil-dwelling entimine beetles are known as detritivores, feeding on leaf litter and contributing to soil decomposition. The subfamily Entiminae is the largest group among the family Curculionidae. The genus Asphalmus Sharp comprises 45 species, with only two species [Asphalmus japonicus Sharp and Asphalmus kostali Borovec] recorded in Korea, while the rest are found in Japan. All these species are known as inhabiting leaf and soil litter. While examining of entimine specimens, we distinguished 20 specimens that do not share diagnostic characters with existing Asphalmus species. New species can be identified by the following characters: Reddish-brown body color, elongated body form, absence of teeth on all femora, and the form of male genitalia and female spermatheca.

The genus Caenoscelis C. G. Thomson (Coleoptera: Cryptophagidae: Cryptophaginae) comprises approximately 30 species in the world, primarily distributed in the Holarctic region. Although 15 Caenoscelis species occur in the Palearctic region, only a single species, Caenoscelis sibirica Reitter, has been documented in Korea. In this study, Caenoscelis koreanus sp. nov. is described, and Caenoscelis ferruginea (C. R. Sahlberg) is reported for the first time in Korea. The new species can be distinguished from other Caenoscelis species by their subquadrate antennomere 10, fully developed hind wings, and male genitalia with subacute parameres and indistinctly separated lateral lobes. Illustrations of habitus, diagnostic characters, and a distribution map of Korean Caenoscelis species are provided.

최근 기후변화 등으로 인한 꿀벌의 폐사가 증가하고 있으나 관련 데이터가 부족하여 이에 대한 연구가 어려움 을 겪고 있어 학습용 인공지능 데이터를 구축하여 양봉 산업 발전에 기여하고자 한다. 학습용 데이터로 생애주기 별 5단계(알, 애벌레, 번데기, 숫벌, 여왕벌), 종봉별 4가지(이탈리안, 카니올란, 한봉, 호박벌), 발생질병 1종(백묵 병) 총 10가지 클래스를 데이터 수집장소 6곳(장성, 포천, 칠곡, 완주, 의령, 장흥)에서 학습용 데이터를 274,206장 구축하였다. 수집된 데이터는 원시데이터, 원천데이터 가공, 라벨링 데이터 결합, 가공데이터 검수 등을 통해 만들어졌으며 관측지에서 온습도, CO, CH4, NH3 등 환경데이터를 200,000건 확보하여 데이터 라벨링을 수행하 였다. 데이터는 AI Hub(www.aihub.or.kr)에서 다운받을 수 있다. 확보된 데이터는 꿀벌의 생애 단계별, 종별, 건강 상태별 이미지 데이터로 구성되어 있어 양봉 관리 자동화, 꿀벌 질병 예측, 양봉 기술 개발 및 연구 등 다양한 분야에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

곤충병원성 선충인 Heterorhabditis. megidis(큰형광병원선충)는 참나무 군락지(광주광역시 소재) 사양토에 서 분리 동정되었고, 곤충병원성을 가지는 공생세균은 Photorhabdus temperata로 분리 동정되어 각각 GJ1-2로 명명하였다. H. megidis GJ1-2는 고구마(주황미) 큰 검정풍뎅이 Holotrichia parallela에 대한 방제 효과는 평택시 (경기도 소재)와 논산시(충청북도 소재)의 노지 재배 사양토에서 관주처리 30일 후 각가 81.1%, 78.9%로 나타났 으며, 인삼(재래종) 거세미나방 Agrotis segetum에 대한 방제 효과는 이천시(경기도 소재)와 청주시(충청북도 소재)의 비가림 재배(차광막 설치) 사양토에서 관주처리 14일 후 방제가는 각각 79.9%, 80,2%로 나타났다. H. megidis GJ1-2는 고구마(주황미)와 인삼(재래종)에서 약제 처리 후 3, 7, 14일 후 외관상 약해는 나타나지 않았다.

국내 원예작물에서 화분매개곤충의 의존도는 해마다 증가하고 있다. 우리는 사과, 딸기 등 화분매개곤충의 의존도가 높은 주요 과수와 시설작물에 대하여 화분매개곤충의 사용기술을 개발하고 이를 현장에 적용하는 연구를 수행하고 있다. 2021년부터 2022년까지 딸기, 키위 등 5가지 주요 농작물에서 화분매개벌을 적용한 결과, 딸기에서 뒤영벌의 적용결과 기존 꿀벌과 통계적으로 같은 수준의 화분매개효과를 나타내었으며, 하우스에서 농약적용시 하우스 밖으로 벌통을 위치시키는 것이 방치보다 벌의 소실을 20% 더 감소시킬 수 있었다. 인공수분 에 의존하고 있는 씨없는 수박에서 수분수 식재와 꿀벌을 이용함으로 기존 벌 방사보다 16% 착과율을 향상시킬 수 있었다. 시설고추에서 꿀벌과 뒤영벌의 혼합사용시 기존 꿀벌 방사보다 고추 수량이 10% 향상되었고, 토마토 에서 660㎡당 뒤영벌의 봉군량을 1.5배 증가시 토마토 수량은 4.4% 향상되었다. 키위는 꿀벌로 기존의 인공수분 을 충분히 대체할 수 있었고, 인건비가 60%이상 절감되었다. 또한 현재 시판중인 30종의 살충제와 27종의 살균제 에 대하여 24시간내 반수치사를 보인 농약은 각각 살충제 6종와 살균제 4종 이었다. 이어서 2023년부터 참외, 멜론, 사과, 단감에 대한 현장적용연구가 진행되고 있다.

Bee traffic at the hive entrance can be used as an important indicator of foraging activity. We investigated patterns of honeybees and bumblebees near their hives as a basis for calculating bee traffic using the image deep learning. The flight pattern near the hive differed significantly according to bee at entering and leaving the hive. Honeybees mainly showed flight that changed flight direction more than once (69.5%), whereas bumblebees mainly performed straight flight (48.7%) or had a single turn (36.5%) in flight. When bees entered the hive, honeybees primarily showed one-turn or two-turn flight patterns(88.5%), and bumblebees showed a one-turn flight pattern (48.0%). In contrast, when leaving the hive, honeybees primarily showed a straight flight pattern (63.0%), and bumblebees primarily showed a straight or one-turn pattern (90.5%). There was a significant difference in flight speed according to the flight pattern. The speed of straight flight (0.89±0.47 m/s) was 1.5 to 2.1 times faster than flight where direction changed. Therefore, our results can help determine the capturing and recognizing the flying image of bees when calculating bee traffic by image deep learning.