Chop molding composites and 2D carbon/carbon composites were manufactured by hot press molding method. Phenol resin of novolac type was used for matrix precursor and PAN-based carbon, PAN-based graphite and pitch-based carbon fiber were used for reinforcement and boron oxide was used for oxidation retardant. All of the composites were treated by 2000℃ and 2400℃ graphitization process, respectively. After graphitization process, amount of a boron residue in carbon/carbon composites is much according to irregularity of used raw materials. Under the presence of boron in carbon/carbon composites, catalytic effect of boron was a little at 2000℃ graphitization temperature. However, it was quite at 2400℃ graphitization.

원형질체 융합에 의한 화합성 및 불화합성 종간 체세포잡종을 얻었다. 화합성 종간인 Pleurotus ostreatus 와 P. florida 의 융합체는 이질핵체 (heterokaryon) 를 형성하였고, 불화합성 종간인 P. cornucopiae + P. florida , P. ostreatus + Ganoderma applanatum, P. florida + Ganoderma lucidum, 그리고 P. ostreatus + Flammulina velutipes 는 합핵체(synkaryon) 를 형성하였다. 이질이핵체는 동일한 양상의 자실체를 형성하는데 비해 합핵체는 유사분열상의 꺽쇠연결체 형성, 한쪽 친과 유사한 자실체 형성, 비정상적 유전형질 분리 및 유전자재조합 현상을 나타내었다. 화합성 및 불화합성 계통간 융합체의 RAPD 분석결과 화합성 종간 융합체는 동일한 DNA 패턴을 나타내었고, 불화합성 종간 융합체는 한쪽 친과 유사한 DNA 양상이면서 비양친 DNA 밴드도 형성하였다. 합핵체의 패턴은 microgenome insertion type 과 macrogenome insertion type 으로 구분되었다. 합핵체의 자실체 발생은 융합 모균주 양친의 자가임성에 의존하는데 이는 느타리의 동형핵체 자가임성과 유사한 양상이었고, 교배형 전환과 관련이 있는 것으로 사료된다. 여기서는 이러한 관점에서 논할 것이다.

The oocyte and its surrounding granulosa cells co-exist in a closed compartment called a follicle, although they receive many signals from other parts of the body. It is well established that the intercellular communications between the oocyte and granulosa cells are required for normal oocyte development and ovulation during folliculogenesis. Gap junctions are intercellular channels allowing the direct transmission of ions and small molecules between coupled cells. Several lines of studies have shown that multiple connexins (Cx, subunits of gap junction) are expressed in mammalian ovarian follicles. Among them, two major connexins Cx37 and Cx43 are expressed in different manner. While the gap junction channels formed by Cx37 are localized between the oocyte and encompassing granulosa cells, the intercellular channels by Cx43 are located between granulosa cells. In this review, I will summarize the general properties of gap junction channels and discuss their possible formation (or compatibility) of intercellular channels formed by the oocyte and granulosa cells.

A taxonomic survey of the dinoflagellate family, Triadiniaceae Dodge was conducted on 17 locations off the coast of Korea. Three species of Goniodoma collected from the coast of Korea: Goniodoma orientale Lindemann, G. polyedricum (Pouchet) Jorgensen, and

(1) Using high-frequency induction heating sintering and spark plasma sintering method, the densification of WC-Ni hard materials was accomplished using ultra fine power of Ni and WC. (2) Nearly fully dense WC-Ni could be obtained within 1 min. (3) Relative density and mechanical properties of WC-Ni obtained by HFIHS were high than those obtained by SPS. And WC grain size made by HFIHS was smaller than that made by SPS. (4) The fracture toughness and hardness values of WC-8Ni, WC-10Ni, and WC-12Ni made by HFIHS were , respectively for 60MPa and an induced current for 90% output of total capacity, 15KW. (5) The fracture toughness and hardness values of WC-8Ni, WC-10Ni, and WC-12Ni made by SPS were , respectively for 60MPa and the electric current of 2500 A

Using the high-frequency induction heated combustion method, the simultaneous synthesis and densification of (x=0, 10, 20, 30) composites was accomplished using elemental powders of W, Si and C. A complete synthesis and densification of the materials was achieved in one step within a duration of 2 min. The relative density of the composite was up to 97% for the applied pressure of 60MPa and the induced current. The average grain size of are 6.9, 6.1, and , respectively. The hardness and the fracture toughness increases with increasing SiC content. The maximum values for the hardness and fracture toughness are .

The results obtained are summarized as follows; (1) Boehmite produced in the high temperature and acid region showed a nano fibrous shape with several nm in diameter and several hundreds nm in length having high specific surface areas with a maximum value of . (2) In order to obtain nano fibrous boehmite with high surface areas from nano metal powder, the hydrolysis reaction should be done at a high temperature over , high acidity under pH 6, and terminated before a transition to the bayerite phase.

Isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber was isothermally activated in CO2 atmosphere. Structural parameters of the isotropic carbon fibers and activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The d002 and La of the carbon fibers were measured to be 4.04 a and 23.6 a and those of ACFs were 4.29 a and 22.7 a, respectively, representing less ordered through activation process. The pores in the ACFs were characterized by BET, and they showed super-high specific surface area of maximum value 3,495 m2/g from average pore size of 8.3 a at 59% burn-off. It was recognized that 8-9 a was optimum range of pore size for efficient creation of high specific surface area. The average size of the pores formed at higher temperature (1100℃) was larger than that of the pores formed at lower temperature (900℃).