Precipitation samples were collected at sixteen sites in Northeast Asia from June 1995 to February 1997, and were analysed for the anions SO_4^2- NO_3^- and Cl^- and for the cations Na^+, NH_4^+, K^+, Mg^2+ and Ca^2+ in addition to pH and conductivity measurements. The quality assurance of chemical composition data was checked by considering the ion balance evaluating by │h│ value and the conductivity balance. The sum of cation concentrations were slightly greater than the sum of anion concentraions. For the anions, SO_4^2- clearly dominates in most of sampling sites whereas Cl^- is more abundant in coast and rural sites in Japan. For the cations, Ca^2+ and NH_4^+ are generally the more abundant ions except when sources of Na^+ exist. The contribution rate of nss-SO_4^2- and NO_3^- to acidity are about 70% and 10-30%, respectively. The neutralizing capacity by a major neutralizing cations such as NH_4^+ and nss-SO_4^2+ are above 98%(heavy polluted and urban sites in China), above 70%(urban sites in Japan and in Korea, coast sites in China) and above 60%(rural sites in Japan and in Korea), respectively.

The structure such as building and cultural properties was composed of various materials like wood, metal and stone that have been utilized and exposed to air, wind and rain for a long time. However, because of their special characteristics as structure, collecting of samples that may involve their destruction cannot be permitted, ever for material analysis. Therefore, in order to study the influence of atmospheric pollution on structure, atmospheric corrosion tests were achieved by making use of materials(bronze, ancient copper, copper, steel and marble) in field exposure tests. Atmospheric exposure sites are selected from places which are characterized by urban, rural, industrial and marine environments in Northeast Asia. According to the results of atmospheric corrosion tests; The corrosion rates of industrial sites in china were more serious than other sampling sites. In the correlation of meteorological factors, wet hours was defined as integrated hours under that atmospheric temperature is above O℃ and relative humidity in above 80% that has a great influence on corrosion tests of materials in case of a short time. The relative humidity was above about 75% that resulted in great increase of corrosion rates. In the esimation of corrosion rates between materials, corrosion rates of steel was about thirty times and decuple larger than that of other materials excluding marble in unshelterd exposure and in sheltered exposure.