간행물
한국환경과학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Environmental Science International
- 발행기관 한국환경과학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 월간
- ISSN 1225-4517 (Print)2287-3503 (Online)
- 수록기간 1992 ~ 2023
- 주제분류 자연과학 > 자연과학일반 자연과학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 539DDC 628
권호리스트/논문검색
제7권 제3호 (1998년 6월) 20건
1.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
We examined the genetic variation within the species, the patterns of genetic diversty between populations, thermostability variations of enzymes and temperature tolerances of Corbicula japonica from the two main rivers in Korea. Starch gel electrophoresis was used to examine the genetic variation of 22 loci. Heating experiments of electrophoresis under the condition of 40±5° for 15±5 min disclosed thermostability differences, called heat-sensitive and heat-resistant types, within each electrophoretic allozyme. Genetic diversity at the natural species level was high (77.3%), whereas the extent of heat-treat groups was relatively low (52.6%). The genetic diversity trends to decrease from the source of two main rivers (the Sumjin River and the Nam River) to the mouths. Based on the data available such as considerable high genetic diversity compared with a mean value of C. japonica species, It is recommended that several populations of the species in Korea should be preserved.
2.
1998.06
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A number of illustrated floras are generally used when we want to identify a name of a certain tree. This method, however, has not been efficient because it has taken a great deal of time and effort for persons who do not have much knowledge on the group of the plant. In contrast to this method, the use of taxonomical keys is very efficient for finding out the group of a certain plant. But this method is very difficult for non-specialists to understand the taxonomical terminology and thus has not been of general use. In this context, this study was conducted to present the efficient way of identifying the group of a certain tree through the computer database by using the brief forms of plant organs. The database consists of eight fields such as form of trunk and evergreen or deciduous, types of leaf and leaf arrangement, existence of prickle and hair on twig, form of leaf margin, leaf form and venation, existence of hair on leaf surface and petiole, length of leaf and petiole.
The 222 species of tree used for landscape architecture were sorted by items of the eight fields. As a result, the 222 species were divided into 185 groups and the one group contains 7species, 2 groups contain 3 species, 27 groups contain 2 species and 155 groups contain only one species. Therefore it is suggested that the use of computer database and illustrated floras is very easy and efficient in identifying a tree.
3.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Decolorization of congo red, rhodamine B was investigated by the white rot fungus Irpex lacteus which has biodegrading capability of various recalcitrants. White rot fungus Irpex lacteus is immobilized by PVA-freezing method. An immobilized Irpex lacteus decolorizes 91% of congo red in 8 days under culture with glucose 2%(initial conc.). It also showed 70% of decolorization at 3 days in the state of putting MnSO4 1mM.
But, rhodamine B has no significant differences about decolorization among different mixture ratio of Irpex lacteus with PVA, concentration of carbon, nitrogen and manganese sulfate.
4.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
In order to develop of support media for biofilm reactor, physicochemical properties and attachability of surface of activated carbon, clay mineral, non-clay mineral, and waste mold sand were examined. Measured physicochemical properties of materials were surface roughness, mean particle size, surface area, hydrophobicity, and surface charge. At a tested materials, activated carbon was the best attachable material and microorganisms were attached 20.1 × 10^7 CFU/㎠ at surface, compared with diatomaceous earth which were attached of 9.2 × 10^7 CFU/㎠. In our research, surface area and hydrophobicity showed more influence than any other factor on attachment of microorganisms.
5.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
In order to clarify the seasonal composition and abundance of zooplankton community in Macheon Bay. the study was carried out trimonthly during the period from April 1996 to January 1997.
37 taxa and 7 unconfirmed species of zooplankton was identified. It consisted of 28 species of Protozoa. 1 species of Cnidaria, 1 species of Annelida, 2 larva of Mollusca, 3 species of Rotifera, 4 species and 4 larva of Arthropoda and 1 larva of Echinodermata, respectively. Seasonal succession of the dominant species was Tintinnopsis beroidea in the spring. Copepodite in the summer. Tintinnopsis directa in the autumn and Ceratium fusus in the winter.
Abundance of zooplankton ranged from 4.720 to 4 1.215 inds./ . It was high in the summer (4 1.215 inds./ ) and low in the spring (4.720 inds./ 1 ). Dominant index ranged from 0.133 (in the spring) to O. 551 (in the winter). Species diversity index ranged from 1.114 (in the winter) to 1.996 (in the spring).
6.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Thirty-eight sediment samples collected from the Youngsan River channel were analysed for Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb to recognize the extent of contamination. Results showed that a wide range of contents was apparent for every metal over the study area. These differences have been mainly related to the textural variability of sediments. Exceptions to this were found in the contents of Cu, Zn, Pb and possibly Mn. The contents of Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn were particularly higher in the sediments from the confluence of tributaries. Downstream profile of metal/Al ratios indicates that pollutant inputs from the Kwangju tributary are mainly responsible for enrichment of these metals in bed sediments of the Youngsan River.
7.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
A Study on the Upwelling Phenomena of Anoxic Bottom Water (Blue tide Phenomena) in the coastal Areas
Recently, upwelling of anoxic bottom water mass have been frequently observed in northeast part of Tokyo Bay in Japan during summer to autumn. Since the colour of water surface becomes milky-blue or milky-green, the upwelling phenomenon is called `Blue Tide`. The data analysis of field surveys during `Blue Tide` appearance have been performed for understanding the physical features of the `Blue Tide` phenomena in Tokyo Bay. It becomes clear that (1) the formation of the anoxic bottom water correlates well with the temperature difference between the surface and bottom waters, (2) there are two necessary conditions for generating `Blue Tide` ; that is, strong stratification and off-shore wind. The strong southwest(on-shore) wind before the `Blue Tide` appearance may play an important role to make the stratification strengthen. When these conditions are larger and the northeast or east-northeast (off-shore) wind stronger than 5 m/s blows in succession, the `Blue Tide` upwelling appears at the head of Tokyo Bay.
8.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Recently, bathes have been suspected to an important source of indoor exposure to volatile organic compounds(VOCs). Two experiments were conducted to evaluate chloroform exposure and corresponding body burden by exposure routes while bathing. Another experiment was conducted to examine the chloroform dose during dermal exposure and the chloroform decay in breath after dermal exposure. The chloroform dose was determined based on exhaled breath analysis. The exhaled breath concentration measured after normal baths (2.8 ㎍/㎥) was approximately 13 times higher that measured prior to normal bathes (0.2 ㎍/㎥). Based on the means of the normalized post exposure chloroform breath concentration, the dermal exposure was estimated to contribute to 74% of total chloroform body burden while bathing. The internal dose from bathing (inhalation plus dermal) was comparable to the dose estimated from daily water ingestion. The risk associated with a weekly, 30-min bath was estimated to be 1 x 10^-5, while the risk from daily ingestion of tap water was to be 0.5 × 10^-5 for 0.15 1 and 6.5 × 10^-5 for 2.0 1. Chloroform breath concentration increased gradually during the 60 minute dermal exposure. The breath decay after the dermal exposure showed two-phase mechanism, with early rapid decay and the second slow decay. The mathematical model was developed to describe the relationship between water and air chloroform concentrations, with R^2 = 0.4 and p<0.02.
9.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The volume transport and turnover time of the Deukryang Bay, located at the southern area of Korea, were calculated based on the current meter(RCM-7,ACM 16M) data observed at the three gateways of the Bay in May and October of 1996. Dominant tidal current component was calculated through harmonic analysis from raw data to estimate influence tidal current and also residual current was measured by integrating observed data and then averaging on time.
Maximum speed of current was about 100㎝/sec during the spring tide at the waterway between Kumdangdo and Kogumdo. The total water volume transports through three entrances of the bay in May and October were 3.9×10^-2 Sv, 3.4×10^-2 Sv(1Sv=10^6㎥s^-1) and turnover time were 0.97day, 1.12day, respectively. Semidiurnal tides were predominant (70∼85%). The water volume transports by residual currents were 2∼4% of total water volume transports.
The average fraction of fresh water calculated by tidal prism method using salinity difference between inflow current and outflow current through three entrances in Deukryang Bay was about 0.06% of total volume and the flushing time of fresh water was estimated as 0.97day.
10.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The water quality and phytoplankton communities of the coastal waters of Inchon were investigated 4 times from May, 1995 to January, 1996. The characteristic of the study was shallow muddy bottom environment with high SS concentration. The water qualities were belong to the category of I-grade in DO, Ⅱ to Ⅲ grade in COD and Ⅲ-grade in inorganic nutrients such as T-N and T-P. Total 136 species of phytoplankton were observed in this study and species richness was on the decrease compared with the results of previous studies. The mean of phytoplankton species diversities was 1.93, decreased in recent years and the value in autumn was slightly higher than that in other seasons.
11.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The oil crisis of the 1970s and the rise in oil prices motivated people to implement energy conservation strategies. Buildings were fitted with additional insulation and reduced ventilation rates. The reduction of mechanical and natural ventilation rate led to increases in indoor pollutant concentrations which resulted in increased health risks from indoor exposure to pollutants. The variable-air-volume/bypass filtration system(VAV/BPFS) is a variation of the conventional VAV systems, The VAV/BPFS is an electronically controlled system that provides cost-effective thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. Under controlled conditions in a chamber, a series experiments were performed to compare the ability of a VAV/BPFS to remove indoor aerosol concentration and to reduce energy consumption with that ability of conventional VAV system. Results show that the VAV/BPFS increases the effective ventilation rate and removes indoor air pollutant, and maintains acceptable indoor air quality without sacrificing energy consumption.
12.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The intensive meteorological observations including pibal balloon at Ungcheon, airsonde and 10m meteorological tower observations at Gulup-Do, where are located in the western coastal region, are taken to investigate the characteristics of the upper and lower atmospheric structure and the local circulation pattern during the period of 17 to 22 September 1996. The diurnal variations of weather elements(i.e, air temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind speed) at Gulup-Do are analyzed and discussed with those at four inland meteorological stations. The vertical profiles of wind vector, orthogonality(Ω), and shear obtained from the pibal observations are also presented to examine the change of wind structure according to the synoptic-scale pressure system`s movement.
The diurnal temperature changes at Gulup-Do are more sensitive than that of inland meteorological stations in case of the inflow of southwesterlies but are not dominant due to the ocean effect under the influence of relatively cold northerlies. A well defined mixed layer is developed from the 500m to the maximum 1700m with a significant capping inversion layer on the top of it. It can be found from the vertical profiles of wind vector that the wind become generally strong at the interface heights between cloud layers and non-cloud layers. The maximum wind shear is appeared at the height where the variation of wind direction induced by the passage of synoptic-scale pressure system is accompanied with the increase of wind speed. Based on the wind orthogonality, the change of wind direction with height is more complicated in cloudy day than in clear day. In case of a fair weather, the change of wind direction is showed to be at around 2㎞
13.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Effects of uniform flow on a two-dimensional mesoscale horizontal convection were investigated by using the vorticity and thermodynamic equations.
For this purpose, We simulated properties of a thermal convection in a stably stratified Boussinesq fluid caused by partial heating at the center of a lower boundary. If we don`t consider effects of the uniform flow, the convection takes the form of axisymmetric with respect to the z-axis. But when uniform flow is strong, velocity field and temperature field consist of a single cell structure which spreads upstream side of the partial heating area. The flow pattern for strong uniform flows takes the form of positive temperature near the ground and negative temperature perturbation aloft over the partial heating area, and downward motion directly over the upwind portion of the partial heating area and upward motion on the downstream side. The downstream edge of the upstream cell is shifted in the downstream direction with the increase of uniform flow almost linearly.
14.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The structure such as building and cultural properties was composed of various materials like wood, metal and stone that have been utilized and exposed to air, wind and rain for a long time. However, because of their special characteristics as structure, collecting of samples that may involve their destruction cannot be permitted, ever for material analysis.
Therefore, in order to study the influence of atmospheric pollution on structure, atmospheric corrosion tests were achieved by making use of materials(bronze, ancient copper, copper, steel and marble) in field exposure tests. Atmospheric exposure sites are selected from places which are characterized by urban, rural, industrial and marine environments in Northeast Asia.
According to the results of atmospheric corrosion tests;
The corrosion rates of industrial sites in china were more serious than other sampling sites. In the correlation of meteorological factors, wet hours was defined as integrated hours under that atmospheric temperature is above O℃ and relative humidity in above 80% that has a great influence on corrosion tests of materials in case of a short time. The relative humidity was above about 75% that resulted in great increase of corrosion rates. In the esimation of corrosion rates between materials, corrosion rates of steel was about thirty times and decuple larger than that of other materials excluding marble in unshelterd exposure and in sheltered exposure.
15.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Meteorological measurements were carried out in the basin of Cheong-Kwan located Yang-San near Pusan city, from Oct. 30 to Nov. 1, 1988. According to the measured data, we verified the close relationship between the variation of nocturnal inversion layer and the meteorological elements. The nocturnal inversion layer by radiative cooling in this site extends up to 130 meters or so. And the nocturnal jet appears just above or at the top of the inversion layer, and the stronger of the prevailing wind blows, and the lower of the jet level appears. Some meteorological features such as heating, cooling etc., began to change in or in the slightly higher level of the inversion layer, when they are formed, reinforced and disappeared. And the air in the basin preserves its character because it is not affected by local scale air flow.
16.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The characteristics of the basic statistics and steadiness of wind and the monthly normality test of surface wind distribution are investigated by using the observed wind data compiled from 10m meteorological observation tower at Seocheon district, where is located in the western coastal region of Korea, during the period from Feb. 7, 1996 to Feb. 7 1997. The northerly is appeared to be even in August and Sepember due to the influences of local circulation such as land and sea breeze. The correlation coefficients(γuv) between two wind components are seemed to be positive during the in the period of from June to September and negative from October to April, respectively. The constancy of wind is high in winter and low in summer. It is evident that the modal values of S decrease and their maximum values shifts to lower values with increasing sampling time. It is found from monthly normality test based on the skewness and the excess of kurtosis coefficients that the distribution of zonal wind component is normal in spring and meridional one is normal in late summer and early autumn.
17.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Pollution characteristics of leachate and underground soil of the two landfill sites were investigated. Domestic wastes were dumped in the two adjacent landfill sites. Only small portion of S landfill site was filled with domestic wastes at the first stage of dumping, and most portion of the site was filled with construction wastes. However Y landfill site was filled with mostly domestic wastes.
Higher concentrations of organic pollutants including VOCs were measured in Y landfill site leachate than in S landfill site.
Underground soils of the two landfill sites were analyzed by the two kinds of leaching methods, KEP (Korean Extraction process) and Acid Digestion. Underground soils of the both landfill sites were not polluted by leachates. Underground soils of the two were composed of fine silty material. Thus it is found that fine silty soil layer of the sea shore may be used as a landfill site.
18.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
A microorganism, Klebsiella gr. 47, capable of degrading BTX(benzene, toluene and xylene) was isolated from oil-contaminated soil and its characteristics of BTX degradation were investigated. When benzene and toluene were fed to Klebsiella gr. 47 simultaneously, they showed competitive inhibition. The degradation rate of xylene was enhanced as much as 3 times when xylene was fed with benzene or toluene. Degradation rate of benzene and toluene was also enhanced by cocultured with Alcaligenes xylosoxidans. When benzene-adapted microorganism was used, each BTX compound was degraded efficiently within 5 hours.
19.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
An experimental research was preformed for the development of an effective process for zinc oxide waste(zinc ash) reuse. Zinc was selectively leached from zinc ash by 30 vol.% D_2EHPA in kerosine solution, and the leaching velocity was quite fast. Zinc leached was stripped by sulfuric acid solutions, and the amount of zinc stripped was linearly increased with the amount of sulfuric acid used. Zinc oxide fine particles were obtained by dropwise adding of sodium hydroxide solution to the resultant aqueous zinc solution at 85℃.
20.
1998.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Polyamine was synthesized for the drinking water treatment. Polyamine was produced by the two step polycondensation of dimethylamine(DMA) and epichlorohydrin(EPI) and its properties were characterized. The effects of mole ratio of [DMA]/[EPI], reaction temperature and reaction time on synthesis of polyamine were investigated. Polyamine flocculant was applied to Nak-dong river raw water to examine its efficiency in reducing turbidity. The synthesized polyamine was effective as flocculant for drinking water treatment. The addition of 1 ㎎/L of polyamine flocculant caused the reduction of 50% PAC (polyaluminium chloride).
