최근 기후 변화에 따른 게릴라성 호우에 의한 전 세계 도심 속 산지 지역에서 토석류의 발생 빈도수가 증가하고 있으며, 이 결과 더 많은 인명피해와 주요 시설물 파괴 등의 피해가 사회적 큰 문제로 대두되고 있다. 현재까지는 도심지역 재해 관리 및 피난 계획 수립 시, 토석류 범람은 별도로 취급되어 피난 권고 시스템이 구축되고 있으나 피난계획 수립 시, 재해 발생 가능성을 고려한 여러 재해를 기반으로 통합적인 대책 수립이 필요하며 향후, 현재보다 더 큰 강우가 발생 할 가능성이 굉장히 크며 이에 대한 대책 수립의 중요성 또한 강조되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실제 지역에서의 토석류의 유동형태를 파악하고, 외력조건으로 DAD 분석을 통해 가능최대 강우량과 유출량을 산정하며 주거지 지역에서의 토석류 영향범위 파악을 목적으로 한다. 실제 지역에서의 토석류 특성을 분석하기 위해 토석류 흐름 패턴, 퇴적 깊이, 도달속도, 발생된 토사량 및 토석류 이동거리를 평가했다. DAD 해석 결과, 피크 시간 강우량은 국지성 호우에 의해 약 135 mm, 24시간 누적 최대강우량은 태풍에 의한 호우로 약 544 mm로 조사 되었다. 또한 토석류에 의한 영향범위를 파악 하였다.

The regional rainfall intensity formula for Gimhae in Gyeongsangnam-do province is developed in this study. The nine points of rainfall observations were selected. In order to demonstrate the accuracy and the versatility of the proposed rainfall intensity formula, three regions under the jurisdiction of the Meteorological Agency near Gimhae, namely Busan, Changwon, Miryang observatories were selected. The present formula can be effectively employed for various design of hydraulic structures in Gimhae area since it is divided into several refined regions.

The purpose of this research is to examine the beach erosion prevention capability of submerged breakwaters under wave energy condition. To accomplish this objective, the computational domain was divided into two domains : the large and the detailed domain for the Song-Do beach. For each computational domain, numerical models for calculating transformation, wave induced current and beach erosion were used and also these numerical models were carefully applied to three experimental cases such as 1) the present beach condition, 2) the condition for which submerged breakwaters are installed about 240m from the shoreline of beach enlarged by artificial nourishments. The results of this research show that if storm waves attack the present beach, the erosion occurs widely all over the beach. However, when the submerged breakwaters are installed in addition to the artificial nourishments, storm waves can be adequately controlled and strong wave induced currents occur only around the submerged breakwaters resulting in the beach evolution appearing locally only at the western end of the beach.

Recently, upwelling of anoxic bottom water mass have been frequently observed in northeast part of Tokyo Bay in Japan during summer to autumn. Since the colour of water surface becomes milky-blue or milky-green, the upwelling phenomenon is called `Blue Tide`. The data analysis of field surveys during `Blue Tide` appearance have been performed for understanding the physical features of the `Blue Tide` phenomena in Tokyo Bay. It becomes clear that (1) the formation of the anoxic bottom water correlates well with the temperature difference between the surface and bottom waters, (2) there are two necessary conditions for generating `Blue Tide` ; that is, strong stratification and off-shore wind. The strong southwest(on-shore) wind before the `Blue Tide` appearance may play an important role to make the stratification strengthen. When these conditions are larger and the northeast or east-northeast (off-shore) wind stronger than 5 m/s blows in succession, the `Blue Tide` upwelling appears at the head of Tokyo Bay.

The numerical experiments using a particle tracking model have been performed for predicting the change of water quality and shoreline. In present study, comparison of the numerical model results with the analytic solution shows that the point of the maximum concentration and the distribution pattern is very similar. The reflection effect from the boundary was newly introduced for making clear the effect of the closed boundary which set limits to application of a particle tracking model. The present model seems to reappear physical phenomenon well. This model shows well qualitative appearance of pollutant diffusion in Kwangan beach. Therefore, this model is regarded as a useful means for predicting diffusion of pollutant, movement of suspended sand, and change of water quality.