간행물
한국환경과학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Environmental Science International
- 발행기관 한국환경과학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 월간
- ISSN 1225-4517 (Print)2287-3503 (Online)
- 수록기간 1992 ~ 2023
- 주제분류 자연과학 > 자연과학일반 자연과학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 539DDC 628
권호리스트/논문검색
제6권 제3호 (1997년 6월) 12건
1.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Pusan has experienced some different paths of urbanization and industrialization compared to other cities, and has faced the problem of over-saturation in environmental capacity. Pusan needs to find out sustainable development strategies based on Agenda 21 by UNCED in 1992 to secure urban renewal.
Therefore, Pusan`s sustainable development strategies focus on the 1)research on environmental capacity and reasonable population accommodation 2)supply of basic environmental facilities for the human settlement 3)protection and efficient management of environmental pollution 4)saving and control of energy and other resources 5)independent and stable execution of plan based on biological relation 6)harmony between nature and urban spatial organization.
In addition, these policies can be suggested along with the conclusions; First, establishment of green plan-middle and long term environmental goals included in the urban planning to reduce environmental deterioration and pollution. Second, computation of sustainability index-the index is necessary to sustainable urban development, which is related with green GNP of the national level.
Third, capacity estimation of nature and social environment-estimation of environmental capacity to the civilized area is required become an ecopolis, and is required to focus on the western area of Pusan which has high degree of potentiality.
2.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
For the prediction of multi-site rainfall with radar data and ground meteorological data, a rainfall prediction model was proposed, which uses the neural network theory, a kind of artifical intelligence technique. The input layer of the prediction model was constructed with current ground meteorological data, their variation, moving vectors of rainfall field and digital terrain of the measuring site, and the output layer was constructed with the predicted rainfall up to 3 hours. In the application of the prediction model to the Pyungchang river basin, the learning results of neural network prediction model showed more improved results than the parameter estimation results of an existing physically based model. And the proposed model comparisonally well predicted the time distribution of rainfall.
3.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The question style in high school environmental science textbook was examined in terms of the placement, frequency, and type of question, and then analyzed the kind of scientific inquiry process elicited by the question in the topic of textbook using the Textbook Questioning Strategy Assessment Instrument (TQSAI). The average number of question per topic was only 0.6. The number of all question in the high school environmental science textbook was very little ; the number of non-experiential question was 8 and that of experiential one was 3. The total number of sentence was 1,236 and the ratio of the number of question to that of sentence was 0.9%. The frequency of non-experiential question was higher than that of experiential one. In action part of the textbook, there were more kinds of question styles than in the main part.
4.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The clogging phenomenon in the fixed film reactor is shown when biomass growth is excessive for long operating time. In addition, effluent water quality gets worse because of detachment of biomass. In this study, we conducted air - backwashing to sustain biomass in reactor to complement these defects. The results of experimental are showed in the following conclusion.
The detachment rate was 19.5 - 38.0 % when the organic loading rate was 0.40 - 1.32 ㎏ COD/㎥/day, the air - backwashing intensity was 2 L/min(6.7 ㎥/㎡/hr) and the backwashing time was 15 - 19 seconds.
And the detachment rate was 32.2 - 58.6 % when the organic loading rate was 1.37 - 2.27 ㎏ COD/㎥/day, the backwashing time was 1 - 12 minutes. As organic loading rate and backwashing time are increased, detachment of fixed biomass is increased. The detachment equation with detachment rate(DR, %), backwashing time(BWT, min), fixed biomass concentration(FB, ㎎/L), and organic loading rate(OLR, ㎏ COD/㎥/day) through multiple linear regression was given by the following equation:
DR = 17.964 BWT^0.41407 FB^0.0597 OLR^0.1945
5.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
A halophilic V. vulnificus is an estuarine microorganism that has been associated with fatal wound infection and life-threatening septicemia. Hemolysin is defined as toxic substance produced by various species of bacteria including V. vulnificus. Hemolysin from marine V. vulniiicus was purified and the effect of pH, temperature, metal ion on the activity of hemolysin, and thermostability of hemolysin were tested in this study. Hemolysin lysed the sheep red blood cell and the optimum pH was 8.0, the optimum temperature was 40℃, and K^+ increased but Mn^2+ decreased the hemolytic activity of hemolysin, but hemolysin was unstable to heat.
6.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The community of phytoplankton and water quality were investigated 5 times from October, 1994 to October, 1995 in the east area of Chinhae Bay. Seasonal changes of environmental parameters were shown general pattern and related to the red tide mechanism of phytoplankton community. Seasonal variations of dissolved oxygen concentrations were affected by the photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton community and the increase of COD at the bottom water was occurred after the red tide.
The standing stocks of phytoplankton in this study area ranged 202 - 1616 Cells·ml^-1 and the bloom(red tide) was formed from April to July. The diatom species, Skeletonema costatum was a dominant species all the year round and the dinoflagellate species, Alexandrium tamarense and Prorocentrum triestinum were red tide species increased standing stocks in phytoplankton bloom.
7.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The numerical experiments using a particle tracking model have been performed for predicting the change of water quality and shoreline.
In present study, comparison of the numerical model results with the analytic solution shows that the point of the maximum concentration and the distribution pattern is very similar. The reflection effect from the boundary was newly introduced for making clear the effect of the closed boundary which set limits to application of a particle tracking model. The present model seems to reappear physical phenomenon well. This model shows well qualitative appearance of pollutant diffusion in Kwangan beach.
Therefore, this model is regarded as a useful means for predicting diffusion of pollutant, movement of suspended sand, and change of water quality.
8.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Mercury- and cadmium-resistant bacteria were isolated from an industrial complex wastewater of Taejon area. All of them were motile, gram negative rods. In the results of physicochemical test and VITEK card test, HMI was identified with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, CM3 was identified with Comamonas acidovorans, HM2, HM3, CM1, and CM4 were Pseudomonas sp., but HM4 and CM2 were unidentified. They were tested for susceptibility to 14 heavy metals. Mercury-resistant bacteria(HM1, HM2, HM3, and HM4) were sensitive to low concentration(100∼400ppm) of Cd^2+, Co^2+, Zn^2+, and Ni^2+ while cadmium-resistant bacteria(CM1, CM2, CM3, and CM4) showed resistance up to the high concentration(600∼1,200ppm) of these metal ions. As a result of resistance spectrum test of mercury-resistant bacteria, HM1 was broad-spectrum strain, HM2, HM3, and HM4 were narrow-spectrum strains. Transmission electron microscopic examination of cell wall of HM1 culture grown with and without 100ppm of HgCl_2 showed remarkably morphological abnormalities. In the result of atomic absorption spectrometric analysis of cadmium-resistant bacteria grown at 200ppm of CdCl_2 for 6h, all of them accumulated cadmium(14ppm∼57ppm) in cell. In cadmium-resistant bacteria, CM1, CM2, and CM4 were spared from the inhibitory effect of Cd^2+ by the addition of Mn^2+, CM4 were also spared from the inhibitory effect of Cd^2+ by the addition of Mn^2+ as well as Zn^2+.
9.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This study was conducted to investigate the treatment of wastewater from acetaldehyde manufacturing plant by activated sludge process with Micrococcus roseus AW-6, Micrococcus luteus AW-22, Microbacterium lacticum AW-38 and Microbacterium laevaniformans AW-41. The COD_Mn and BOD_5 of the wastewater were 5,260㎎/L and 6,452㎎/L, respectively. pH was 1.85. The main organic component in the wastewater was acetic acid which was contained 67,600㎎/L. Optimum dilution time for activated sludge process was shown 10 times. The specific substrate removal rate(K_e) was 1.95day^-1 and the nonbiodegradable matters(S_n) were 23.2㎎/L. Saturation constant (K_e) and maximum specific growth rate(q_max) were 1,640㎎/L and 2.33day^-1, respectively. Sludge yield coefficient(Y) and endogenous respiration coefficient(K_d) were 0.28㎎ MLVSS/㎎COD and 0.02day^-1, respectively. COD_cr removal efficiency was 91% for 1.95day of hydraulic retention time.
10.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
It has been studied that combustion and the production of air pollution of anthracite - bituminous coal blend in a fluidized bed coal combustor. The objects of this study were to investigate mixing characteristics of the particles as well as the combustibility of the low grade domestic anthracite coal and imported high calorific bituminous coal in the fluidized bed coal combustor. They were used as coal samples ; the domestic low grade anthracite coal with heating value of 2,010㎉/㎏ and the imported high grade bituminous coal with heating value of 6,520㎉/㎏. Also, the effects of air flow rate and anthracite fraction on the reaching time of steady state condition have been studied. The experimental results are presented as follows. The time of reaching to steady state was affected by the temperature variation. The steady state time was about 120 minute at 300scfh which was the fastest. It has been found that O_2 and CO_2 concentration were reached steady state at about 100 minute. It has been found that O_2 concentration decreased and CO_2 concentration increased as the height of fluidized bed increased. It was found that splash zone was mainly located from 25㎝ to 35㎝ above distributor. Also, as anthracite fraction increased, the mass of elutriation particles increased, and CO_2 concentration decreased. As air flow rate increased, O_2 concentration decreased and CO_2 concentration increased. Regardless of anthracite fraction and flow rate, the uncombustible weight percentage according to average diameter of elutriation particles were approximately high in the case of fine particles. As anthracite fraction and air flow rate increased, elutriation ratio increased. As anthracite fraction was increased, exit combustible content over feeding combustible content was increased. Regardless of anthracite fraction, size distribution of bed material from discharge was almost constant. Over bed temperature 850℃ and excess air 20%, the difference of combution efficiencies were little. It is estimate that the combustion condition in anthracite-bituminous coal blend combustion is suitable at the velocity 0.3m/s, bed temperature 850℃, the excess air 20%.
11.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
SPME device was applied to determine the THM in an aqueous solution. The 6 kinds of THM was quantitatively detemined by using GC-ECD which has the sample extracted on the SPME fiber from an aqueous solution for 10 min. The THM components were well separated from CHCl_3 to the last CHBr_3 within 13 mans at the condition. 6 kinds of the volatile halogenated organic compounds: CHCl_3, CHBrCl_2, CHBr_2Cl, CHCl_3, C_2Cl_4, and CHBr_3, showed well defined calibration graph with good linearity from a few ppb level up to several tens of ppb concentration. CHBr_2Cl and C_2Cl_4, were detected from a few samples among the 10 of river samples. CHCl_3, however, was detected in 4 sea water samples with the highest of 10 ppb among the polluted 6 positions. Trace level of CHBr_2Cl and few ppb level of CHBr_3 were also detected at the other two sample stations.
Most of the 13 rain water samples collected from 6 sampling stations were contained ppb level of CHCl_3, and also CHBr_2Cl, and C_2Cl_4 were only detected at trace level at a few rain samples among them. We could recognize the fact that our air and water environment has already been contaminated by certain volatile halogenated organic compounds through this study.
12.
1997.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
In order to investigate the adsorption characteristics of organochlorine pesticides chlorothalonil and dicofol with soil colors and regions for soils of an orange orchard, the soils were sampled at 3 regions, respectively, among black volcanic, dark brown volcanic, and brown nonvolcanic soils. Every soil has a higher clay proportion (49-75%) in soil texture and the organic carbon content and cation exchange capacity with soil decreased in the following sequence: Black volcanic > Dark brown volcanic > Brown nonvolcanic soils. Especially those in black volcanic soils were much higher than others.
The retention time, quantitative detection limit, and extractian, efficiencies of chlorothalonil and dicofol were 2.82min, 1.5ng/mL, 93.6% and 3.64min, 4.5ng/mL, 94.2%, repectively.
The Freundlich constant, Kd, was higher in dicofol compared to chlorothalonil and in the black volcanic soils that have higher organic carbon content and cation exchange capacity. The Freundlich constant, 1/n, was in the range of 0.76-0.89 in the black volcanic soils that have a higher organic matter(16.4-19.8%), whereas it was in the range of 1.02-1.13 in the brown nonvolcanic soils that have a lower organic matter(2.4-3.4%), and so it was considered that 1/n was dependent on the organic matter.
