간행물
한국환경과학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Environmental Science International
- 발행기관 한국환경과학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 월간
- ISSN 1225-4517 (Print)2287-3503 (Online)
- 수록기간 1992 ~ 2023
- 주제분류 자연과학 > 자연과학일반 자연과학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 539DDC 628
권호리스트/논문검색
제11권 제9호 (2002년 9월) 18건
1.
2002.09
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The purpose of this study was to design a reliable and valid Likert-type scale to measure nuclear energy attitudes of various groups. 8 tests were applied to the construction of a 26-item long form, a 12-item middle form, and a 6-item short form of the scale. Three scales were field tested on 760 respondents representing a diverse range of subjects. The 26-item scale appeared to be reliable, content valid and construct valid. Scale reliability and homogeneity were evidenced by 0.95 coefficient alpha and positive interitem correlations ranging from 0.18 to 0.74. The results of factor analysis and known-groups comparison revealed that this scale had high validity. Reliability of the middle form and short form were evidenced by coefficient alpha of 0.92 and 0.90 respectively. The long and middle forms were strongly correlated, r-value of 0.98 and the long and short forms were also highly correlated, r-value of 0.93. Consequently, long form, middle form and short form scales were evidenced very reliable and valid in measuring nuclear energy attitudes of various groups in general. They can be used for a variety of purpose of measuring and testing nuclear energy attitude.
2.
2002.09
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According to tourism resources in Kyonggi province, tourist behavior was dramatically different in that tourists utilizing natural resources were mainly interested in static tourism activities and sight seeing activities while tourist using socio-cultural resources preferred with dynamic tourism activities and relaxation tourism. Therefore, the objectives of reconstruction should be adjusted depending on types of tourism resources (i.e. natural and socio-cultural resources) or natural intensity as well as the development goal of recreational tourism.
In contrast, historic and cultural resources surrounded with natural resources showed higher revisit rate, and was conceived as better touring site than individual resource because of historical people, traditional custom, natural sight seeing, etc. Therefore, it is believed that proper utilization of natural resources will increase revisit rate and create new conception as a famous touring site.
3.
2002.09
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A comparison of Daphnia magna, Ceriodaphnia dubia and Simocephalus mixtus toxicity test was performed to study the relative sensitivities and discrimination abilities with both pore and elutriate water of Woopo wetland sediments. Sediment risk assessment has been done by standardized preparation method of pore and elutriate water described in the joint US EPA-US Army Crops of Engineers manual. Simocephalus mixtus which was obtained from Woopo wetlands in Korea was cultured and applied to sediment toxicity test. Water quality in Woopo wetland had great site and seasonal variations. S. mixtus was more sensitive than D. magna in heavy metal toxicity test. The toxicity results with S. mixtus reflected the water quality of elutriate and pore water. The results also suggested that S. mixtus could be used as a test organism in estimating potential risk of contaminated sediments.
4.
2002.09
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The meteorological elements were measured to investigate cause of summertime ice formation at Unchiri, Gangwon Province. The cause of freezing at valley was conformed as adiabatic expansion theory, latent heat of evaporation, natural convective theory, cold air remain theory, and convective freezing theory according to former study. However nither theory produced a satisfactory explanation. This studying area is not valley but ridge, and underground water surface exists at below than freezing height. wintertime temperature drop and summertime cold air spouting were explain as natural convective theory, generation of water drop on the rock was explained as cooling theory by air expansion, and ice formation on the rock was explained as adiabatic expansion theory. In conclusion, formation of ice valley at Unchiri was formed by natural convective theory, adiabatic expansion theory, and latent heat of evaporation successively.
5.
2002.09
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As prevailing synoptic scale westerly wind blowing over high steep Mt. Taegulyang in the west of Kangnung coastal city toward the Sea of Japan became downslope wind and easterly upslope wind combined with both valley wind and sea breeze(valley-sea breeze) also blew from the sea toward the top of the mountain, two different kinds of wind regimes confronted each other in the mid of eastern slope of the mountain and further downward motion of downlsope wind along the eastern slope of the mountain should be prohibited by the upslope wind. Then, the upslope wind away from the eastern slope of the mountain went up to 1700m height over the ground, becoming an easterly return flow in the upper level of the sea. Two kinds of circulations were detected with a small one in the coastal sea and a large one from the coast toward the open sea. Convective boundary layer was developed with a thickness of about 1km over the ground in the upwind side of the mountain in the west, while a thickness of thermal internal boundary layer(TIBL) from the coast along the eastern slope of the mountain was only confined to less than 200m. After sunset, under no prohibition of upslope wind, westerly downslope wind blew from the top of the mountain toward the coastal basin and the downslope wind should be intensified by both mountain wind and land breeze(mountain-land breeze) induced by nighttime radiative cooling of the ground surfaces, resulting in the formation of downslope wind storm. The wind storm caused the development of internal gravity waves with hydraulic jump motion bounding up toward the upper level of the sea in the coastal plain and relatively moderate wind on the sea.
6.
2002.09
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Sediments and river waters from the channel of Hwasun-cheon were studied in sedimentological size and geochemical analyses of metallic elements for the purposes of identification of depositional environments and geochemical characteristics. The sizes of sediments are assigned to pebble to coarse sand in mean size and polymodal in distribution. And the sediments are poorly to very poorly sorted and positively skewed. According to the grain size distributions of the sediments, the Hwasun-cheon belongs to gravel-bed river on the basis of the grain size distribution of the sediments.
The behaviors of metallic elements in the sediments mainly depend on not grain size distribution but the geology connected with geomorphological reliefs near the stream. Contamination indices(CI) of Zn, Cu and Pb are 2.83 to 6.96 with average 4.31 in the sediments. Hwasun-cheon is assigned to general stream type in accordance with water quality of physical factors and chemical characteristics by Piper's diagram. Though meaningful values of BOD, T-N, T-P were locally depicted near Masan-ri, Hwasun-eup and Jiseok-cheon areas, artificial metal concentration do not represent in the most area of the stream.
Sediments and river water are considered that the relatively more or less high metallic contents in the stream are originated from coal mine and urban area.
7.
2002.09
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A three-dimensional photochemical air pollution model considered advection, dispersion, photochemical reactions, and precipitation processes was developed. The calculated results of meteorological observation clearly exhibited geographical effects of Gwangyang Bay, in which land and sea breezes, mount-valley winds and local circular winds occurred. The observed results of daytime NOx concentrations were slightly higher than the calculated NOx concentrations in Yosu industrial complex, Gwangyang iron mill, and container yard. Eventually, the calculated NOx results generally agreed well with the observed ones.
8.
2002.09
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Various Eulerian-Lagrangian models for the one-dimensional longitudinal dispersion equation in nonuniform flow were studied comparatively. In the models studied, the transport equation was decoupled into two component parts by the operator-splitting approach; one part is governing advection and the other is governing dispersion. The advection equation has been solved by using the method of characteristics following fluid particles along the characteristic line and the results were interpolated onto an Eulerian grid on which the dispersion equation was solved by Crank-Nicholson type finite difference method. In the solution of the advection equation, Lagrange fifth, cubic spline, Hermite third and fifth interpolating polynomials were tested by numerical experiment and theoretical error analysis. Among these, Hermite interpolating polynomials are generally superior to Lagrange and cubic spline interpolating polynomials in reducing both dissipation and dispersion errors.
9.
2002.09
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Recently, GIS(Geographic Information System) is used to extract various hydrological factors from DEM(Digital Elevation Model) in river basin. Therefore, this study aims at the determination of river fractal dimension using DEM. In this paper, the main-stream length in river basin was grid-analyzed for each scale(1/5,000, 1/25,000, 1/50,000) and each cell size(5m×5m, 10m×10m, 20m×20m, 30m×30m, 40m×40m, 50m×50m, 60m×60m, 70m×70m, 80m×80m, 90m×90m, 100m×100m, 120m×120m, 150m×150m) using GIS. Also, fractal dimension was derived by analyzing correlation among main-stream lengths, scale, and cell size which were calculated here. The result of calculating fractal dimension for each cell size shows that the fractal dimension on the main-stream length is 1.028.
10.
2002.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Land-use types should be included in air pollutant diffusion model because a complex mixture of various land-use patterns with computational grid can make errors in calculation of several parameters. However, the air pollutant diffusion model has generally been treated with a uniform component with land-use type in each mesh because of the complexity of the simulation.
This study presents a numerical simulation of the horizontal distribution of O3 dry deposition velocity during summertime in Busan metropolitan city. The calculation of the meteorological field was conducted using the land cover data. Simulation has been performed by the following two scenarios : (1) one with current land cover data, and (2) the other with only land and sea for the surface characteristics. The results from each scenario reveals considerable differences on the meteorological fields and these differences can cause changes in the calculation values of O3 deposition velocity.
11.
2002.09
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The urban pollution if affected by local environmental, so it is necessary to consider area characteristics such as emission source and meteorological phenomena, in studying urban air pollution. Ulsan is laocated on south-east coast and has many industrial facilities, so many people have concerned about air pollution. This study contain conducting numerical simulation of air pollutant concentration considered land and sea breeze in Ulsan area with the numerical model.
12.
2002.09
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The objective of this study is understanding and evaluation of temporal and spatial variation of pollutant loads by input sources for water quality management in Kamak Bay.
Flow rate of rivers and ditches ranges from about 2,592-63,072㎥/d in October to 864-55,296㎥/d in January. In particular, the R2 predominated flow rate among input sources. Total COD, BOD, DIN and DIP loadings in January were about 896kg/d, 718kg/d, 2,152kg/d, and 154kg/d, respectively, which exceeded those of October. Lower POC/TOC levels are estimated in R2, and also in October. Temporal variation of pollutant loads were closely related to the human activity.
Total discharging loadings of BOD, TN and TP by unit loading estimation were 4,993.0kg/d, 2,558.7kg/d, and 289.2kg/d, respectively, and were mainly affected by the population. Runoff ratio of BOD was about 0.14 in January. Mean NH4+-N and PO43--P loadings from sediment were 16.23㎎/㎡/d and 7.26㎎/㎡/d, respectively.
For the improvement of water quality in this area, not only pollutant loads of rivers and ditches but also benthic flux from sediment should be reduced within the limits of the environmental capacity.
13.
2002.09
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The recycled washwater, which has different water quality and is produced about 5 to 20% of the total water volume treated, affects the unit operation of water treatment, especially coagulation process. However, the effects of recycled washwater on unit operation of water treatment have not been fully investigated. In this study, effects of recycled washwater on coagulation process were investigated to find the optimum coagulation condition by analyzing turbidity, UV254, TOC removal efficiencies. In addition, effects of recycled washwater on residual Al after coagulation were studied by analyzing soluble and particulate Al. The size distribution and fractal dimension of coagulated also analyzed.
The recycled washwater was lower pH than the raw water. And the recycled washwater had higher UV254, TOC and residual Al concentration than the raw water. Residual Al concentration of recycled washwater was about 50 times higher than that of raw water. Optimum coagulant dosages on the blending recycled washwater and the raw water for turbidity, UV254 and Al removal were lower than that on the raw water. However, TOC removal increased by increasing coagulant dosage. The size and fractal dimension of coagulated particle produced in the blending recycled washwater were larger, which imply faster settling velocity, than those produced in the raw water only.
14.
2002.09
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This study was performed : 1) to establish the experimental analysis conditions for the sorption and desorption of toxic organic contaminants to/from the activated sludge, sediment, and clay, and 2) to determine the sorption and desorption equilibrium coefficients of some representative halogenated aliphatic compounds. Through the preliminary sorption test using Azo dye, a setting of quantitative experimental conditions to determine the sorption and desorption characteristics was decided as follows; equilibration time of 180 minutes, centrifuge for 15 minutes at 5000×g, and 500㎎/ℓ of TOC concentration. The sorption and desorption characteristics of halogenated aliphatic compounds onto activated sludge, sediment and clay could be described very well using the Freundlich isotherm. The preference of the average sorption capacity of the overall compounds showed in the sequence sediment 0.26㎎/g, clay 0.23㎎/g, and activated sludge 0.11㎎/g. The desorption rate of the sorbed compounds onto activated sludge, sediment and clay was approximately 89.8%, 35.3%, and 66.4%, respectively.
15.
2002.09
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The isolated strain, Rhodococcus sp. EL-GT was able to degrade high phenol concentrations up to 10 mM within 24 hours in the medium consisting of 5.3 mM KH2PO4, 95 mM Na2HPO4, 18mM NH4NO3, 1mM MgSO4·7H2O, 50μM CaCl2, 0.5μM FeCl3, initial pH8.0, temperature 30℃ in rotary shaker at 200rpm. This strain was good cell growth and phenol degradation in the alkaline pH range range, and the highest in the pH range of 7 to 9.
The microorganism was able to grow at the various chlorinated phenols, benzene, toluene, and bunker-C oil. As Rhodococcus sp. EL-GT was good capable of attachment on the acryl media, it would be used as microorganism to consist of biofilm in wastewater treatment.
16.
2002.09
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Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of ceramic-treated water on the inhibition of algal growth. The growth of Scenedesmus quadricauda and Chlorella vulgaris was enhanced by the ceramic- treated water in Allen medium containing high concentration of nutrients, but inhibited in natural water containing low concentration of nutrients. The growth of Oscillatoria tenuis and Microcystis aeruginosa was inhibited in both Allen medium and natural water. When comparing the effects of ceramic-treated water 1 (NC1) and 2 (NC2), the growth of O. tenuis and M. aeruginosa was somewhat enhanced by NC1, whereas inhibited by NC2. Therefore, it is suggested that NC2 can be more effective than NC1 in controlling the algal growth.
17.
2002.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Nanosized titania sol has been produced by the controlled hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide(TTIP) in sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate(AOT) reverse micelles. The physical properties, such as crystallite size and crystallinity according to R ratio have been investigated by FT-IR, XRD and UV-DRS. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation of bromate has been studied by using batch reactor in the presence of UV light in order to compare the photocatalytic activity of prepared nanosized titania. It is shown that the anatase structure appears in the 300～600℃ calcination temperature range and the formation of anatase into rutile starts above 700℃. The crystallite size increases with increasing R ratio. In the photocatalytic degradation of bromate, the photocatalytic decomposition of bromate shows the decomposition rate increases with decreasing initial concentration of bromate and with increasing intensity of light.
18.
2002.09
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Waste paper cup was sulfonated to be used as ion exchanger. Removal characteristic of copper and lead ion by prepared ion exchanger was investigated. The sulfonation was conformed by the high intensity band of SO3H group around 1100～1160cm-1. The synthesized ion exchanger had greater removal ability for copper and lead ion than the original waste paper cup. Ion exchange system reached the final equilibrium plateau within 30min. The maximum removal capacities (qmax) were calculated as 9.79mg/g for copper and 15.95mg/g for lead, respectively. The affinity of lead based on a weight was higher than that of copper. The ion exchange phenomena appeared to follow a typical Freundlich isotherm.
