간행물
한국환경과학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Environmental Science International
- 발행기관 한국환경과학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 월간
- ISSN 1225-4517 (Print)2287-3503 (Online)
- 수록기간 1992 ~ 2023
- 주제분류 자연과학 > 자연과학일반 자연과학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 539DDC 628
권호리스트/논문검색
제7권 제4호 (1998년 8월) 20건
1.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
In the rainfall-runoff relation, consideration of the spatial movement of storms is very important in designing a hydraulic structure or evaluating an environmental influence for land usage. Because of this reason, this study has suggested the finite element model which consider the spatial movement of a stome and it was applied on a small river basin(Wi stream basin). In the application of the model the basin was treated as a pivot point and the storms are simulated with movement in each directions.
As a result, it shows that the storms moving from north to south have bigger peak discharge and faster peak time than the storms moving in other directions. So these characteristics have to be considered in the designation of a hydraulic structure or evaluation of an environmental influence.
2.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The purpose of the present study is to estimate the release of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorous from sediments of Deukryang Bay. One method used in this study is to calculate nutrients released from a concentration gradient between sediment porewaters and the overlying water based on the Fick`s law, and the other method is to measure nutrients released from the sediment-core experiments. The calculated and measured ammonium released from the sediments were 8.93㎍-atN/㎡·hr and 60.4㎍-atN/㎡·hr, respectively in July. 8.57㎍- atN/㎡·hr and 32.9㎍-atN/㎡·hr, respectively in October. The ammonium was released more highly in July than in October, and the measured ammonium flux was higher than the calculated one. The calculated nitrate plus nitrite released from the sediments were 0.31㎍-atN/㎡·hr in July and 0.84㎍-atN/㎡·hr in October. The measured nitrate plus nitrite released from the sediments was 282㎍-atN/㎡·hr in October. The calcuated was lower than the measured because the content of the nutrients in the sediments was always much more than in the overlying waters, and it has shown a differently seasonal pattern compared to the ammonium flux. The calculated phosphorous released from the sediments were 0.97㎍-atN/㎡·hr and measured negative fluxed -6.50 ㎍-atN/㎡·hr in July, and calculated 0.18 ㎍-atN/㎡·hr and measured 24.6 ㎍-atN/㎡·hr, respectively in October.
3.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This study was carried out to develop the stream water quality model for the intaking station of Kongju waterworks in the Keum River system. The monthly water quality(total nitrogen and total phosphorus) with periodicity and trend were forecasted by multiplicative ARIMA models and then the applicability of the models was tested based on 7 years of the historical monthly water quality data at Kongju intaking site. The parameter estimation was made with the monthly observed data. The last one year data was used to compare the forecasted water quality by ARIMA model with the observed one. The models are ARIMA(2,0,0)×(0,1,1)_12 for total nitrogen, ARIMA(0,1,1)×(0,1,1)_12 for total phosphorus. The forecasting results showed a good agreement with the observed data. It is implying the applicability of multiplicative ARIMA model for forecasting monthly water quality at the Kongju site.
4.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate and to predict of eutrophication in lakes by using Vollenweider-OECD model and total phosphorus concentration and inflow rate which were measurded in 1993-1996. The results of study was as follows.
The annual total phosphorus loading from the watershed was calculated to be 181∼195tP/yr at lake Soyang, 591∼680tP/yr at lake Chungju, 420∼466tP/yr at lake Taechong, 229∼278tP/yr at lake Andong, 103∼106tP/yr at lake Hapchon, 57∼59tP/yr at lake Imha, 194∼244tP/yr at lake Namgang, 83∼86tP/yr at lake Chuam, 99∼109tP/yr at lake Somjin. These are discharged, for the most parts, from population and fishfarm facility.
TP loading on the surface area at lake Soyang was 3.01gP/㎡/yr, 2.82gP/㎡/yr, 2.84gP/㎡/yr. 3.03gP/㎡/yr, at lake Chungju 7.9lgP/㎡/yr, 6.87gP/㎡/yr, 7.38gP/㎡/yr, 7.18gP/㎡/yr, at lake Taechong 6.7lgP/㎡/yr, 7.25gP/㎡/yr, 7.24gP/㎡/yr, 6.53gP/㎡/yr and TP loading on the surface area of Nakdong river basin, that is, lake Andong, Imha, Hapchon and Namgang were 5.39gP/㎡/yr, 4.47gP/㎡/yr, 4.56gP/㎡/yr, 4.45gP/㎡/yr and 2.20gP/㎡/yr, 2.23gP/㎡/yr, 2.24gP/㎡/yr, 2.17gP/㎡/yr and 4.50gP/㎡/ yr, 4.50gP/㎡/yr, 4.54gP/㎡/yr, 4.43gP/㎡/yr and 8.25gP/㎡/yr, 8.48gP/㎡/yr, 8.48gP/㎡/yr, 10. 39gP/㎡/yr respectively. Also those of lake Chuam was 2.51gP/㎡/yr, 2.61gP/㎡/yr, 2.52gP/㎡/yr, 2.54gP/㎡/yr and TP loading on the surface area at lake Somjin was analysed 4.09gP/㎡ /yr, 4.10gP/㎡/yr, 3.98gP/㎡/yr, 3.73gP/㎡/yr.
The tropic states of nine lakes can be assessed as eutrophy because phosphorus loading exceeds the critical phosphorus loading by Vollenweider-OECD model.
5.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The objectives of this study is to evaluate the total runoff yield, peak flow and peak flow travel time depending on the urbanization, return period and rainfall patterns at the downstream of Manchon urban watershed in TaeGu City. SWMM(Storm Water Management Model) is used for runoff analysis based on 5 different steps of urbanization and 4 different types of Huff`s quartile according to 8 return periods. It is analyzed that the order of total runoff yield according to rainfall patterns is Huff`s 4, Huff`s 2. Huff`s 3 and Huff`s 1 quartile, that of peak flow magnitude is Huff`s 2, Huff`s 1, Huffs`4 and Huff`s 3 quartile at present development ratio. under the 60, 70, 80 and 90% of urbanization to the 50% of urbanization by means of the rainfall patterns, the mean increasing ratio of total runoff yield for each case is 4.55, 11.43, 16.07 and 20.02%, that of peak flow is 5.82, 13.61, 17.15 and 18.83%, the mean decreasing ratio of peak flow travel time is 0.00, 2.44, 5.07, and 6.26%, the mean increasing ratio of runoff depth is 4.51, 11.42, 16.02 and 20.05%, respectively. the mean increasing ratio of total runoff yield by means of each return period & Huff`s 3 quartile is 4.86, 12.11, 17.14 and 21.56%, that of peak flow is 5.89, 13.97, 17.82 and 19.71%.
Therefore, as the result of this study, it can be used for principal data as to storm sewage treatment and flood damage protection planning in urban small watershed.
6.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
One hundred and thirty two ground water samples from the Ulsan area were divided into urban and non-urban groupings and were assessed between 1993 and 1996. The results of statistical analysis were as follows:
There were significant differences between the two groupings in the average value of the following water quality parameters: total hardness, nitrate, pH, iron, ammonia and chloride ion in the order of Z-score.
Because total hardness, nitrate, and pH were also significant in ANOVA test, these three parameters can be regarded as the most sensitive parameters of artificial pollutants. By the comprehensive comparison of Ulsan water quality to that of Kangwon-do, all of the major parameters(pH, KMnO_4 consumption, sulfate, chloride and hardness except nitrate) were confirmed as being significantly increased levels.
7.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The washout on incision cliff is a serious problem. Incision cliff if not carefully done, can contribute to soil erosion and, by removing covering plants could have a large impact on the temporary of normally the quality of water. Because the washout of soil is influenced by its surface, it is necessary to prevent or diminish soil particle by plantation of grass species. Kummerowia stipulacea is an useful species that diminish the injury of soil and rainwater. We study that estimates of preventing soil erosion and river overflow can be obtained from the experimental model developmented by several equators. Many potential contaminants are removed by filtration as the water moves slowly through the fields of K. stipulacea.
8.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The bacterial strain JE-1 degrading and utilizing Congo Red as a sole carbon source was isolated from dye-contaminated soil and identified as Enterobacter species. Enterobacter sp. JE-1 had the highest decolorization ability when it was cultured in the medium containing 0.05% NH_4NO_3, 0.05% K_2HPO_4 0.03% MgSO_4·7H_2O, 0.025% Congo Red, initial pH 7.0 at 30℃, respectively. Enterobacter sp. JE-1 had the relatively high substrate specificity. The dye decolorizing activity was exclusively extracellular. The expected metabolic intermediates of Congo Red by Enterobacter sp. JE-1 were analyzed by GC/MS. As a result, metabolic products like hexadecanoic acid, 1,2,3-triphenylcyclopropene, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexadecane, heptadecane, octadecane, hexacosane etc., and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester were detected. Benzidine did not detected.
9.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This paper discussed about the effect of Zoogloea ramigera on the initial microorganism attachment and the biofilm growth. The additions of 5, 10 and 15%(w/w) of Zoogloea ramigera were facilitated for the initial attachment on the surface of the acryl disk. At biofilm growth, the more Zoogloea ramigera added to the activated sludge, the more biofilm dry weight was obtained.
In order to get the stable biofilm and to minimize the start-up periods, initial biofilm formation using activated sludge with floe forming microorganisms like Zoogloea ramigera was recommended rather than that without floe forming microorganisms.
10.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of enhanced UV-B on growth and differential responses among cultivars in soybean. The soybean cultivars subjected to enhanced UV-B irradiation at daily dose of 11.32 kJ m^-2(UV-B_BE) revealed that the growth was significantly depressed. Plant height, leaf number, leaf area and dry weight were inhibited by UV-B irradiation showing differential responses among cultivars used. Danyeubkong seems to be less sensitive to the enhanced UV-B irradiation, while Keunolkong more sensitive. Reduction of chlorophyll content was also found significantly greater to Keunolkong. Specific leaf weight, an index of leaf thickness, and flavonoid content known as UV-absorbing compounds were significantly increased in Danyeubkong by UV-B, but those in the other cultivars were not significantly affected. The results indicated that there are cultivar differences in the growth and physiological responses to the enhanced UV-B irradiation and specific leaf weight and UV-absorbing compounds in the leaves were highly related to the sensitivity of soybean by UV-B irradiation.
11.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
An experimental study was conducted to indentify the direct denitrification of ammonium nitrogen in culture water by ozone. During the experimnet period, pH was 7.8-8.8. pH was grdually lower after ammonium nitrogen was reacted with ozone under Br^-. In addition, it can be known that the culturing water was improved greatly form the inverstigation of T-N by biofilm and ozonation. As the results of a variation of recirculation rate, denitrification of ammonium nitrogen was in increased in proportion to the recirculation rate. But Nitrification of microorganism was opposite to the recirculation rate. With the increasing injected ozone in ozonation tank uner 21 circulation /day(6.7 ℓ/min), dinitrification of ammonium nitrogen was increased lineraly in propotion to the increasing of injected ozone concentration.
12.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The role of iron as a possible pathogenic factor in the infection of V. vulnificus was examined in this paper. The effects of iron and CCl_4 on the growth of V. vulnificus in human and rabbit sera were also done. Injection of iron to mice resulted in a lowering of the 50% lethal dose and in a reduction in the time of death postinfection. Serum iron levels were also elevated by damaged livers with infections of CCl_4. The inoculum size required to kill these mice was directly correlated with serum iron levels. Iron appeared to be the limiting factor in the ability of this organism to survive or grow in mammalian sera. These results, both in vitro and in vivo, provided strong evidence that iron may play a major role in the pathogenesis of V. vulnificus.
13.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This study has been carried out to investigate Electrostatic Precipitator`s(ESP) performance enhancement and removal efficiency of fine particle according to (NH_4)_2SO_4 injection rate.
The following conclusions are derived from the these test results :
1)For plant condition cases, according to the variation of concentration agent [(NH_4)_2SO_4] - 10ppm, 20ppm, 30ppm, 40ppm - ESP`s collection efficiency was increased to 97.74%, 98.95%, 99.04%, 99.47%, when inlet dust loading was 2g/㎥. And when inlet dust loading was 3g/㎥, that was increased to 98.19%, 99.16%, 99.23%, 99.58%.
2)It is seen from this experiments that the increasing 30ppm concentration of (NH_4)_2SO_4 increase the collection efficiency and fine particle emission control.
14.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Numerical Simulation of dispersion of a Vast Point Source in Coastal Area using the Local Wind Model
The two-stage numerical model was used to study the relation between three-dimensional local wind model, advection/diffusion model of random walk method and second moment method in western coastal area for Korean peninsula. The first stage is three dimensional time-dependent local wind model which gives the wind field and vertical diffusion coefficient. The second stage is advection/diffusion model which uses the results of the first stage as input data.
First, wind fields on Korean peninsula for none synoptic scale wind showed typical land and sea breeze circulation, and the emitted particles were transported by sea breeze for daytime, emissions return to sea by land breeze for nighttime.
15.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Precipitation samples were collected at sixteen sites in Northeast Asia from June 1995 to February 1997, and were analysed for the anions SO_4^2- NO_3^- and Cl^- and for the cations Na^+, NH_4^+, K^+, Mg^2+ and Ca^2+ in addition to pH and conductivity measurements.
The quality assurance of chemical composition data was checked by considering the ion balance evaluating by │h│ value and the conductivity balance.
The sum of cation concentrations were slightly greater than the sum of anion concentraions. For the anions, SO_4^2- clearly dominates in most of sampling sites whereas Cl^- is more abundant in coast and rural sites in Japan. For the cations, Ca^2+ and NH_4^+ are generally the more abundant ions except when sources of Na^+ exist.
The contribution rate of nss-SO_4^2- and NO_3^- to acidity are about 70% and 10-30%, respectively. The neutralizing capacity by a major neutralizing cations such as NH_4^+ and nss-SO_4^2+ are above 98%(heavy polluted and urban sites in China), above 70%(urban sites in Japan and in Korea, coast sites in China) and above 60%(rural sites in Japan and in Korea), respectively.
16.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
To examine water pollution status of agricultural water source of greenhouse area in Gyeongnam, the ground water quality was investigated six times at five areas in Gyeongnam from October in 1995 to March in 1996.
pH of ground water were generally in the range of 5.9∼7.6. But a site in Changnyeong area was out of the range in 6.0∼8.5 which is water quality standard for agriculture. COD of ground water was below 8.0㎎/ℓ which is water quality standard for agriculture in all areas and the average was below 2.8㎎/ℓ.
NH_4^+ -N contents in ground water was very low in all areas and the average of NO_3^- -N contents in Changnyeong and Chinju area was high with 13.2 and 11.5㎎/ℓ, respectively. Hardness, SO_4^2- and EC of ground water in Haman were higher than any other area.
Fe and Mn contents of ground water in Kimhae were higher than any other area with 7.17 and 0. 95㎎/ℓ, respectively. Heavy metals such as Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn of ground water were below water quality standard for agriculture but some sites were over.
Between COD and SS in ground water were not correlated with r=0.328, but between COD and NH_4^+ -N were positively correlated. And EC was positively correlated with Ca^2+, Mg^2+ and SO_4^2-.
Ground water pollution status of agricultural water source of greenhouse area in Gyeongnam was generally high in order of Sacheon < Chinju < Haman < Kimhae < Changnyeong.
17.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Aqueous phase adsorption of phenols by granular activated carbon was studied in a batch adsorption vessel. Adsorption isotherms of phenol(Ph), p-chlorophenol(PCP) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) from aqueous solution on granular activated carbon have been obtained. The experimental data were analyzed by the surface and pore diffusion models. Both models could be applied to predict the adsorption phenomena. However, the pore diffusion model was slightly better than the surface diffusion model in representing the experimental data for the initial concentration changes. Therefore, the pore diffusion model was used to predict the change of operating variables such as the agitation speed and particle size of adsorbent which have influence on the film resistance and intraparticle diffusion.
18.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
19.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The effects of temperature, initial Pb^2+, concentration and initial sludge concentration on the initial Pb^2+ removal rate and maximal Pb^2+ removal amounts in activated sludge, respectively, were investigated. The removal of Pb^2+ in activated sludge was proved to be temperature-dependent process. The initial Pb^2+ removal rate increased from 187.5 to 261.4 ㎎ Pb^2+/g sludge dry weight·min, in response to the promoted temperature from 10℃ to 60℃, while the maximal Pb^2+ removal amount (78.5 ㎎ Pb^2+/g sludge dry weight) occurred at 30℃. As the initial Pb^2+, concentration increased from 36 to 228 ㎎ Pb^2+/L at the constant temperature of 30℃ and initial sludge concentration of 1.5 g sludge dry weight/L, the time to reach an equilibrium state was almost independent of the initial Pb^2+ concentration and the equilibrium Pb^2+ removal amount was increased from 41.9 to 73.6 ㎎ Pb^2+/g sludge dry weight. On the contrary, the equilbrium Pb^2+ removal amount was decreased from 87.7 to 65.3 ㎎ Pb^2+/g sludge dry weight as the increase of initial sludge concentration from 0.22 to 1.76 g sludge dry weight/L.
20.
1998.08
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This study estimate the degree of contamination in the streamwater around the Sudokwon landfill site. It was sampled at 10 sites in Jan., Apr., Jul. and Oct., 1996. There were analyzed five kinds of toxic chemical material-CN, ABS, PCB, As, Org-P, and four kinds of heavy metal-Pb, Hg, Cd, C_r^+6.
The result are 1)The COD was generally increased to compare before landfill, 2)The Org-P and PCB were not detected at all points, 3)The concentrations of Pb, C_r^+6 and As were lower than the environmental criteria values, 4)The CN, Hg and Cd were over envirommental criteria values, and so emergent regulation is needed, 5)The effects of the streamwater contamination were not only the leachate of the landfill, but also the small factories and agricultural land around the landfill.
