간행물
한국환경과학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Environmental Science International
- 발행기관 한국환경과학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 월간
- ISSN 1225-4517 (Print)2287-3503 (Online)
- 수록기간 1992 ~ 2023
- 주제분류 자연과학 > 자연과학일반 자연과학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 539DDC 628
권호리스트/논문검색
제5권 제3호 (1996년 6월) 13건
1.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This study is an attempt to classify climatic regions of Korea based on the data of sunshine duration and to clarify the characteristics of sunshine for each divided regions. The data used in this study are the mean values of monthly and ten-daily sunshine duration, sunshine percentage, solar radiation and cloud amount obtained from 63 weather stations of the Korea Meteorological Administration during the period of 1974∼1993. The characteristics of annual change of sunshine percentage, annual duration of sunshine, percentage of sunshine, annual radiation, amount of cloud, days of sunshine percentage above 80% and days of sunless are investigated by the mean values of the stations belong to divided regions. The ward method of hierarchical cluster analysis is adopted to the analysis of data for the regional division. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows.
(1) The sunshine regions of Korea can be divided into six regions of the central west, central east, south west, south east, Ullung-do and Cheju-do. These are strongly affected by the distribution of inclined slopes taking account of the topographic characteristics of Korea.
(2) Annual distribution shows the sunshine duration of 1777∼2287 hours, sunshine percentage of 40∼53%, solar radiation of 3469∼4637 MJ/㎡, cloud amount of 5.0∼6.1, days of sunshine percentage above 80% of 53∼116days and sunless days of 46∼71days.
(3) The types of annual change of sunshine percentages is classified with four types of minimum in July and maximum in October, minimum in July and maximum in December, high in May and October and low in July and January, high in May and November and low in June and January.
(4) The Iong-term trend of sunshine duration decrease in peninsula area but increase in island area and the long-term inclination of cloud amount is almost zero. The author believe this tendency is related to a pollutional turbidity than a cloud amount in inland area.
2.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Air pollution characteristics and the influence of sea breeze on surface ozone concentration were studied using the data measured at 7 air quality continuous monitoring stations from June to September using 3 years (1990, 1993, 1994) in Pusan coastal area.
Among the 246 sea breeze days for research period, there were approximately 89 sea breeze days (36%) from June to September. And there were 120 the episode days (68%) of ozone greater than or equal to 60 ppb in summer season. In 89 sea breeze days, the episode day was highly marked as 56 days (63%). So, we knew that the sea breeze greatly affects the occurence of ozone episode day. the ozone concentration under the condition of the sea breeze increase about 40% in the daytime. Frequencies distribution of O3 concentration for sea breeze moved toward high concentration class.
The characteristics of ozone concentration in relation to meteorological conditions of sea breeze is significant because we can discover major weather factors for eastablishing an air pollutionweather forecast system. For further study about meterological approach method for photochemical air pollution, it is necessary to explain the characteristics of atmosphere below 1,000 m, especially concerning the formation mechanism of inversion layers. And finally, we will study the relationships to synoptic weather conditions and vertical structure and diurnal variation of local wind systems including sea breeze, and the vertical movements of atmosphere in the city.
3.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The Characteristics of atmospheric flow and dispersion of air pollutants in the mountainous coastal area were studied using two-dimensional model by the combination of land-sea breezes and transport.
The pollutants emitted into the simulated wind field in considering with the mesoscale local circulations. The typical effects of land-sea breezes and tophography of coastal area on the dispersion are discussed in detail, and the model is proved as an useful tool to pridict real time pollutant transport by the results of application studies in Pusan, Korea where the urbanized coastal area with mountainous topography.
It was found that sulfur dioxide (SO2) are differently transported and concentrated as going inland by the influence of the sea breeze with topographic changes.
4.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
In genneral, Businger expression is used for determining a turbulance diffusion coefficient. In this study, it is applied to the surface elements of cities such as Asphalt, Ground, Grass, Pond. We set up 5 m-height bar and measured the dry temperature and wet temperature at the height of 0.13, 0.27, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 m.
In addition we measured the wind gradient and wind velocity at the height 3 m, solar radiation continuously for 48 hours on the surface. Compared the measured data to Businger expression, the result showed that Businger expression can be well applied to the complex surface of the city.
5.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This research emphasizes the necessity of the understanding and cooperation among local governments to preserve the water quality of the Nak-dong river that runs through four local governments. First, this research considers the status of water-pollution in the Nakdong river, describes and finds problems within the central government`s "Clean Water Supply Plan" and local governments` water quality-related policies. Second it deals with the conflict among local governments concerning the planning and building of Wicheon Industrial Complex" in the middleupstream of the Nakdong river which has triggered the opposition movement of the local governments and residents of the river`s downstream area. With stressing the necessity of the understanding and cooperation among local governments, this research emphasizes roles of central government, of academic experts, and of local news-media in preserving the water quality.
6.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This study was performed to develop the biological treatment technology of wastewater polluted with heavy metals. Zinc-tolerant microorganism, such as Pseudomonas chlororaphis which possessed the ability to accumulate zinc, was isolated from industrial wastewaters polluted with various heavy metals. The characteristics of zinc accumulation in the cells, recovery of the zinc from the cells accumulating zinc, were investigated.
Removal rate of zinc from the solution containing 100 ㎎/ℓ of zinc by zinc-tolerant microorganism was more than 90% at 48 hours after inoculation of the microorganisms.
A large number of the electron-dense granules were found mainly on the cell wall and membrane fractions, when determined by transmission electron microscope. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed that the electron-dense granules were zinc complex with the substances binding heavy metals.
The zinc accumulated into cells was not desorbed by distilled water, but more than 80% of the zinc accumulated was desorbed by 0.1M-EDTA. The residues of the cells after combustion at 550℃ amounted to about 21% of the dry weight of the cells. EDS analysis showed that the residues were comparatively pure zinc compounds containing more than 79% of zinc.
7.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This project studies marine Vibrio vulnificus in oysters in the marine environment and attempts to correlate this bacteria`s presence within various environmental parameters; we design this study to determine how different storage temperatures affect the survival of V. vulnificus in oysters and whether V. vulnificus is able to persist in oysters after exposure to UV light-disinfected seawater. Experimental depuration systems consist of aquaria containing temperature-controlled seawater treated with UV light and 0.2 ㎛ pore size filtration. Results showed that depuration at temperatures higher than 25℃ caused V. vulnificus counts to increase in oysters. Throughout the process, depuration water contained high concentrations of V. vulnificus, indicating that the disinfection properties of UV radiation and 0.2 ㎛ pore size filtration were less than the release of V. vulnificus into seawater. In contrast, when depuration seawater was maintained at 10℃, the numbers of V. vulnifcus were very little and multiplication in oysters was inhibited.
8.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The purpose of this study was to provide basic data of the growth characteristics of the landscape trees for better landscape planting design, construction and maintenance through the prediction of landscape change as time passes by the analysis of survival rate, distribution patterns & increment percent of tree height, width, stem diameter (breast or surface) of widely used six tree species in Seongnam-si Eunhang-jugong apartment housing areas (8 years have passed after landscape planting work). The main results can be summarized as follows:
The tree survival rate of Pinus parviflora was the highest rate 89.2% than any other species, but Acer buergerianum showed the lowest survival rate as that of it 35.0%, & that of Picea abies 70.5 %, Metasequoia glyptostroboides 71.6%, Magnolia denudata 38.9%, Acer palmatum was 71.7%. As a whole, the tree survival rate of coniferous trees were relatively high.
The tree height increment percent of the deciduous species were relatively high. And that of Metasequoia glyptostroboides was the highest rate 11.61 % than any other species, but that of Magnolia denudata was the lowest rate 5.59% than any other species. According to this results, the increment percent of trees in this apartment areas were comparatively lower than that of each related species planted in nursery area. And this results would be considered when landscape experts do landscape planting design, construction & maintenance.
The distribution patterns of present tree size showed a Normal Distribution like any other biological features.
9.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
A study was carried out on the distribution of chlorophyll a and water quality in the dry season in Yosuhae bay and adjoining sea, Southern Korea, in July of 1994.
Concentration of salinity and phosphate were lower in the outer bay than in the inner bay. While nitrate and silicate were higher in the former than in the latter. We were identified with coastal water of origin from China with the lower salinity in outer bay. The China coastal water was characteristic of high nutrients and phytoplankton biomass, such as chlorophyll a.
The principal component analysis (PCA) on the analytical data proved that high density of phytoplankton biomass occurred under the condition of low salinity and high concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrients.
It is thought that the thermoharine structure and biological produtions of Yosuhae bay were controlled by the China coastal water in the outer bay.
10.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
An inverse fluidized-bed biofilm reactor (IFBBR) was used for the treatment of highly-emulsified oily wastewater. When the concentration of biomass which was cultivated in the synthetic wastewater reached to 6000㎎/L, the oily wastewater was employed to the reactor with a input COD concentration range of 50㎎/L to 1900㎎/L. Virtually the IFBBR showed a high stability during the long operation period although some fluctuation was observed. The COD removal efficiency was maintained over 90% under the condition that organic loading rate should be controlled under the value of 1.5 ㎏COD/㎥/day, and F/M ratio is 1.0㎏COD/㎏VSS/day at 22℃ and HRT of 12 hrs. As increasing organic loading rates, the biomass concentration was decreased steadily with decreasing of biofilm dry density rather than biofilm thickness. Based on the experimental results, It was suggested that the decrease in biofilm dry density was caused by a loss of biomass inside the biofilm.
11.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The adsorption of the anionic surfactants, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) anion surfactants from aqueous solutions with nonionic resins, Amberlite XAD-2, XAD-4 and XAD-7 at temperatures in 15∼45℃ range was studied. Several adsorption isotherm models were used to fit the experimental data. The best results were obtained with the Redlich-Peterson equation and the Freundlich model provided remarkably good fits. For a particular resin at a particular temperature, SDBS was more extensively adsorbed than SLS. The highest adsorption were obtained with XAD-4 resin and the specific surface area of the resins plays a major role in adsorption of the surfactants. Estimations of the isosteric heat of adsorption were indicative of an exothermic process, and their magnitudes manifested a physisorption process.
12.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This study aims at the estimation of a river management flow in urban basin analyzing Sinchun basin to be the tributary of Kumho river basin. The river management flow has to satisfy a low flow as natural flow and an environmental preservation flow estimated by a dilution flow to satisfy a target water quality in drought flow.
Therefore for the estimation of a river management flow in Sinchun in this study, first Tank model as a basin runoff model estimates a low flow, a drought flow from a flow duration curve in Sinchun, second QUAL2E model as water quality model simulates water quality in Sinchun and estimates environmental preservation flow to satisfy a target water quality, BOD 8 ㎎/ℓ by a dilution flow derived from Kumho river, Nakdong river and ground water. And the river management flow is estimated by addition of a use flow and a loss flow to more flow between a low flow and an environmental preservation flow.
13.
1996.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Granular sludge formation and it`s activity change are the most important factors in achieving successful start-up and operation of UASB reactor. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism is still unknown.
On the basic of the experiments in laboratory-scale UASB reactor, the effect of hydrogen partial pressure on sludge granulation was evaluated.
Size distribution method and specific metabolic activity of the sludge with the operation time were used as a means for estimating the degree of the sludge granulation.
At the constant hydrogen loading, the granulation increased as starvation periods in hydrogen supply increased, resulting in high organic removal efficiency. It was evidient that hydrogen play very important role in granulation and sludge granulation was achieved through mutual symbiosis between hydrogen utilizing bacteria and hydrogen producing bacteria under the hydrogen deficient conditions.
