This study aimed to compare terrestrial insect communities in forests and grasslands to explore habitat-specific differences. Grassland and undisturbed forest zones in Buk-sil-ri, Jeongseon-eup, Gangwon-do were surveyed in August and September of 2022 and 2023 using visual inspection and light traps. A total of 1,369 individuals from 447 species, 56 families, and 13 orders were recorded. Lepidoptera was the most dominant (44.0%, with 239 species and 602 individuals) order, followed by Hemiptera (17.6%, 81 species and 241 individuals) and Odonata (11.4%, 13 species and 156 individuals). While most orders, including Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, and Diptera, showed higher abundance and richness in forests than in grasslands, the diversity index was greater in grasslands. The presence of diverse vegetation including invasive species in grasslands likely influenced insect diversity and composition. These findings can enhance our understanding of insect community dynamics across forest and grassland habitats.

The focus of this study was on the preparation of a clinoptilolite-based adsorbent, utilizing natural zeolite, to adsorb and remove ammonia (NH3) emitted from various environmental facilities, and to evaluate its performance. To create an adsorbent suitable for humid environments, hydrophobicity was introduced through HCl acid treatment. The impact of acid concentration and treatment time was analyzed to optimize the preparation conditions. As a result, the adsorbent treated with 0.5 M HCl for 2 hours demonstrated the highest NH3 adsorption performance. These findings suggest that the developed adsorbent could serve as an effective solution for controlling NH3 emissions in humid environments, contributing to the mitigation of environmental pollution and odor issues.

관광산업은 개발도상국에게 중요한 수입원이자 빈곤을 극복할 수 있는 수단으로 인식된다. 하지만 최근 아프리카의 여러 국가들은 괄목할 만한 관광업의 성장을 달성하였음에도 지역의 빈곤 감소 효과로 이어지지 못하 고 있다. 본 연구는 관광산업의 행위자인 아프리카 정부에서 나타나는 정 치경제적 특성에 주목하였다. 아프리카 국가들은 독립 이후 현재까지 비공 식적 정치체제를 통한 위계적 지대추구가 만연해 왔다. 이러한 특수성은 관광산업에도 직접적인 영향력을 행사하고 있으며, 지역 주민에 대한 수혜 가 미미하여 빈곤 완화에 부정적인 영향을 끼친다. 본 연구는 이러한 특징 이 나타나는 지역으로 탄자니아의 잔지바르를 선정하였다. 잔지바르는 외 연적인 관광산업의 성장에도 불구하고 지역 사회에 대한 혜택은 매우 제 한적으로 이루어졌다. 현지인이 아닌 외국인에게 많은 일자리가 제공되었 으며, 지대추구와 연계된 사적 이익의 극대화와 부패는 수입을 감소시키고 지역 사회와의 갈등을 초래하였다. 본 연구는 탄자니아 및 잔지바르 정부 의 관광정책과 제도가 어떻게 빈곤 감소를 저해하였는지 살펴보고, 관광산 업에 상당 부분을 의존하고 있는 아프리카 국가들이 ‘빈곤 감소 관광’으로 이행하기 위한 교훈 및 시사점을 고찰하였다.

본 연구에서는 한국산 맵시벌과 3종 (운문점박이납작맵시벌, 잎말이나방살이뭉툭맵시벌, 안경꼬마자루맵시벌)의 새로운 숙주를 보고하고 자 한다. 새로운 숙주는 각각 자나방과, 잎말이나방과, 풀명나방과에 속하며, 이 중 자나방과와 풀명나방과는 각각 쌍점박이납작맵시벌속, 안경꼬 마자루맵시벌속의 숙주로써 처음으로 기록된다. 여기에 맵시벌과 3종의 간략한 특징과 우화된 표본의 사진, 숙주의 성충 사진을 제공하였다.

급격한 산업화와 도시화로 인해 해양 오염이 심각해지고 있으며, 이러한 해양 오염을 실효적으로 관리하기 위해 수질평가 지수(Water Quality Index, WQI)를 마련하여 활용하고 있다. 하지만 수질평가지수는 다소 복잡한 계산과정으로 인한 정보의 손실, 기준값 변동, 실무자의 계산오류, 통계적 오류 등의 불확실성(uncertainty)을 내포하고 있다. 이에 따라 국내ㆍ외에서 인공지능 기법을 활용하여 수질평가지수를 예측하기 위한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 해양환경측정망 자료(2000 ~ 2020년)를 활용하여 우리나 라 전 해역 즉, 5개의 생태구에 대한 WQI를 추정할 수 있는 가장 적합한 인공지능기법을 도출하기 위해 총 6가지의 기법(RF, XGBoost, KNN, Ext, SVM, LR)을 실험하였다. 그 결과, Random Forest 기법이 다른 기법에 비해 가장 우수한 성능을 보였다. Random Forest 기법의 WQI 점수 예측값과 실제값의 잔차 분석 결과, 모든 생태구에서 시간적 및 공간적 예측 성능이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 본 연구에서 개발한 Random Forest 기법은 높은 정확도를 바탕으로 우리나라 전해역에 대한 WQI를 예측 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

This study was conducted to identify changes of insect compositions and diversity after construction of an onshore wind farm. We investigated insect fauna and compositions between a grassland deforested by the construction and a forest located at Yeongdeok and Yeongyang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. Insects were collected using a sweeping net and light trap. A total of 11 orders, 50 families, and 246 species, and 1,076 individuals were collected at study sites. By taxonomic group, Lepidoptera species were the most frequently found with 141 species, 417 individuals (38.8%), followed by Hymenoptera (20.6%), Hemiptera (16.2%), and Orthoptera (12.3%). There were also significant differences in insect species and community compositions between sites. Creating open-field deforested forests are beneficial for some insect groups such as Hymenoptera and Orthoptera. Our results suggest that deforesting by the construction of an onshore wind farm might affect the composition and diversity of insects. Results of this study provide basic data for research on onshore wind farms.

For observation training of firing weapons, military operates Joint Fire Training Simulator system. During the acceptance test for deployment of weapon system, it occurred that could increase training fatigue in mock observation device. This study describes in cause analysis and improvement activities to solve it. Due to the characteristics of observing training with a small image panel through the ocular, image noise and skipping are factors that cause fatigue to training. It was analyzed that the noise of image was caused by HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) splitter and design change was promoted. In addition, it was determined that the image skip occurred due to the software filter for stabilizing the image of mock observation device. It was solved by improving the calculation error of accumulating data. Securing the quality of observation images is expected to reduce training fatigue and contribute to improving the training environment.

Various optical devices are utilized to fire artillery in Korean Army. To transport and store the optical devices, some cases are made up for a set. The covers of cases are made of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic(GFRP) and resin. Because of materials of case, it has a disadvantage in productivity for manufacturing covers and assembling components. In this study, ABS resin is presented for alternative and verify possibility through FEM analysis. Comparing with GFRP, max stress-ratio of ABS is decreased 19.6% for bottom, 8.2% for side and 25.4% for edge. Also each strain is changed 17.3%, 180.3% and 17.7%. According to the research results, ABS resin is considered possible for alternative. And the number of components is decreased for around 73.8%.

In this study, the adsorption/desorption performance of toluene was evaluated using zeolite adsorbent to replace activated carbon with one-off and ignition characteristics. For the proper operation of the VOCs adsorption/desorption and condensate recovery steps, the operating range by various adsorption/desorption temperatures was selected. The adsorbent is a bead-type zeolite, which was put into an adsorption tower of 10 LPM scale. As a result, it was demonstrated that 0.079 mg/g was adsorbed at a low temperature (20°C) during adsorption. In the case of desorption, it was found that VOCs adsorbed on the adsorbent were completely recovered after the desorption operation at 220°C for about 160 minutes. However, in the heating rate step for desorption, it was not possible to maintain an appropriate heating rate by filling the tower with zeolite. This was complemented by applying a copper plate with high thermal conductivity, and it was shown that the time was shortened by about 10 minutes or more. When VOCs are emitted at high concentrations during the desorption process, they can be reused as energy resources through low-temperature maintenance, and a condensation method was attempted. The efficiency of condensing chiller (cooler) with temperature control and liquid nitrogen condensing was compared. It was found that the chiller condensing efficiency increased as the temperature decreased. In the case of liquid nitrogen condensation, the liquid nitrogen temperature was maintained at -196°C, showing a stable efficiency of 90%.

기계 장비의 진동 데이터는 필연적으로 노이즈를 포함하고 있다. 이러한 노이즈는 기계 장비의 유지보수를 진행하는데 악영향 을 끼친다. 그에 따라 데이터의 노이즈를 얼마나 효과적으로 제거해주냐에 따라 학습 모델의 성능을 좌우한다. 본 논문에서는 시계열 데 이터를 전처리 함에 있어 특성추출 과정을 포함하지 않는 Denoising Auto Encoder 기법을 활용하여 데이터의 노이즈를 제거했다. 또한 기계 신호 처리에 널리 사용되는 Wavelet Transform과 성능 비교를 진행했다. 성능비교는 고장 탐지율을 계산하여 진행했으며 보다 정확한 비교 를 위해 분류 성능 평가기준 중 하나인 F-1 Score를 계산하여 성능 비교를 진행했다. 고장을 탐지하는 과정에서는 One-Class SVM 기법을 활용하여 고장 데이터를 탐지했다. 성능 비교 결과 고장 진단율과 오차율 측면에서 Denoising Auto Encoder 기법이 Wavelet Transform 기법 에 비해 보다 좋은 성능을 나타냈다.

High-pressure membrane system like nanofiltration(NF) and reverse osmosis(RO) was investigated as a part of water treatment processes to produce high quality potable water with low organic matter concentration through membrane module tests and design simulation. River water and sand filtration permeate in Busan D water treatment plant were selected as feed water, and NE4040-90 and RE4040-Fen(Toray Chemical Korea) were used as NF and RO membranes, respectively. Total organic carbon(TOC) concentrations of NF and RO permeates were mostly below 0.5 mg/l and the average TOC removal rates of NF and RO membranes were 93.99% and 94.28%, respectively, which means NF used in this study is competitive with RO in terms of organic matter removal ability. Different from ions rejection tendency, the TOC removal rate increases at higher recovery rates, which is because the portion of higher molecular weight materials in the concentrated raw water with increasing recovery rate increases. Discharge of NF/RO concentrates to rivers may not be acceptable because the increased TDS concentration of the concentrates can harm the river eco-system. Thus, the idea of using NF/RO concentrate as the raw water for industrial water production was introduced. The design simulation results with feed water and membranes used in this work reveal that the raw water guideline can be satisfied if the recovery rate of NF/RO system is designed below 80%.

풀명나방과의 Patania brevipennis (Inoue, 1982); Herpetogramma tominagai Yamanaka, 2003; Aethaloessa calidalis (Guenée, 1854); Anania subfumalis (Munroe et Mutuura, 1971) 등 4종을 국내 처음으로 기록한다. Aethaloessa속은 국내에서 처음으로 기록된다. 여기 기록한 종의 외형과 생식기 사진을 제공한다. 필요한 경우, 해당 종의 아종 관계와 국내 발생 상황에 대해 논한다.