간행물
Korean Journal of Environmental Biology KCI 등재 환경생물
- 발행기관 한국환경생물학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 계간
- ISSN 1226-9999 (Print)2287-7851 (Online)
- 수록기간 1983 ~ 2025
- 주제분류 자연과학 > 생물학 자연과학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 472DDC 570
권호리스트/논문검색
Vol.42 No.4 (2024년 12월) 28건
1.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study investigated effects of seedling age and planting density on early growth performances of Fraxinus rhynchophylla trees. Containerized F. rhynchophylla seedlings (1-year-old and 2-year-old) were planted according to two different planting densities (3,000 and 5,000 trees ha-1) in April of 2017 in Gangneung city, Gangwon province, South Korea. Survival rate, root collar diameter (RCD), and height (H) were measured from 2017 to 2022 (except for 2021). H/RCD (H/D) ratio and stem volume were then calculated. It was found that growth performances of F. rhynchophylla trees were only affected by seedling age. In 2022, mean (±standard error) RCD (mm), H (cm), and stem volume (cm3 tree-1) were the highest for 5,000 trees ha-1 of 2-year-old seedlings (at 30.7, 197.3, and 1001.8, respectively). Initial RCD and H showed relationships with stem volume (in 2017- 2020). As growth space decreased, planted trees initially showed rapid growth due to light competition. In this study, the optimal seedling age and density of planting for F. rhynchophylla were confirmed and important data were secured for preparing a plan for post-reforestation management including operations of weed removal and young tree tending.
4,000원
2.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Morphological analyses of two newly recorded sea star species, Henricia exigua Hayashi, 1940 and Henricia tumida Verrill, 1909, of genus Henricia collected from Dongsan Harbor in the East Sea and Chuja-do, Jeju, Korea, respectively, were carried out. Henricia exigua could be characterized by an irregular arrangement of abactinal plates with adambulacral armature comprised of 10-13 spinelets. Henricia tumida has a short arm (R/r=4.0-4.2) with abactinal paxillae scattered and 4-8 abactinal spinelets with adambulacral spines having 4-6 spinelets. This study provides the first report of H. exigua and H. tumida in the Korean fauna along with detailed morphological description with their key characteristics.
4,000원
3.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
To understand effects of the compositions of marine macrobenthic communities on carbon storage in subtidal rocky habitat, a diving survey was conducted at Aewol and Biyangdo stations in the northwestern regions of Jeju Island in the summer of 2023. Cluster analysis revealed no significant differences in community composition between the two stations. The mean biomass of the dominant species was Cnidaria (2,047.4 gwwt m-2) of macroinvertebrate, followed by Rhodophyta (745.4 gwwt m-2) of seaweed in studied areas. According to similarity percentage analysis, Alveopora japonica and Ecklonia cava were major contributors to the communities in Aewol, whereas diverse marine organisms, including these two species, contributed to the community in Biyangdo. The estimated mean carbon storage by benthic communities derived from their carbon contents in surveyed areas was 202.7 gC m-2, with variations reflecting differences in community compositions. The biomass of Cnidaria, dominated by A. japonica, showed a positive correlation with carbon storage, whereas the biomass of Rhodophyta, primarily composed of coralline algae, showed a negative correlation. These variations in carbon storage among marine communities may result from species-specific carbon assimilation patterns, survival strategies, marine carbon cycling, and intra-community interactions such as competition and feeding.
4,800원
4.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Black bear (Echeveria spp.) and Adromischus maculatus are ornamental succulents that change color in response to light and temperature. Colors of leaves play an important role in their ornamental value and market demand. However, there is a lack of quantitative research on flavonoids contained in succulent leaves. In this study, a colorimeter and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) were used to analyze color changes of leaf surfaces and components of bioactive substances to understand the relationship between color change and internal bioactive substances of black bear and A. maculatus. The colorimeter analysis showed that red, green, and blue colors of black bear increased by 42.31%, 49.32%, and 21.58%, respectively, compared to their initial values, resulting in a clear change in leaf color from reddish-black to green. On the other hand, in A. maculatus, the red color decreased by 0.15% and the green color decreased by 10.44%, resulting in a more pronounced red spotted pattern and an increased area. UPLC analysis detected quercitrin in Black Bear leaf extracts and quercetin-3-O-sambubioside in A. maculatus. These substances are considered to play a key role in the concentration of anthocyanins and color changes in response to environmental changes such as light and temperature. Results of this study could be used as basic data to understand the correlation between leaf color change and bioactive substances in succulents in response to light and temperature.
4,000원
5.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Rapid morphological changes in fish larvae during growth make adult classification criteria ineffective for identifying larval fishes. Therefore, species identification of fish larvae requires understanding morphological changes during growth stages within and between species. However, for many fish larvae, the lack of morphological trait information, along with physical damage or protein degradation that occurs during specimen collection and preservation in the wild, creates obstacles for morphology-based identification. A fish larva (10.0 mm SL) collected from the coastal waters of the western Korean Peninsula in August 2019 exhibited morphological characteristics and melanophore distribution patterns closely matching those of an unidentified species of the family Platycephalidae (sp.5). Its MT-CO1 amplicon sequences identified it as Cociella crocodilus, through genetic similarity with MT-CO1 reference sequences and phylogenetic analyses of related species. This study provides significant insights into the early life stages of Cociella crocodilus, marking the first identification of this species at the larval stage.
4,000원
6.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study aimed to provide foundational data for the conservation and improvement of the habitat of an endangered species, Viola websteri, in South Korea, by identifying the environmental characteristics of its habitat and determining main environmental factors influencing its population size. To achieve this, this study conducted literature reviews, field surveys of study sites, and spatial analyses based on previous research results, collecting data for 32 environmental attributes related to V. websteri. These collected data were utilized for factor analysis and path analysis, leading to the identification of environmental factors affecting population size based on scientific analysis processes and results. Additionally, this study examined correlations between population size and environmental factors, focusing on aspects related to amount of light, organic matter, tree height, tree cover, shrub cover, and soil humidity, all of which were found to influence the population size of V. websteri. The population size showed a negative correlation with the amount of light. However, it showed positive correlations with organic matter, tree height, tree cover, shrub cover, and soil humidity. Furthermore, the path analysis model indicated a strong positive correlation between fruiting rate and individual height of V. websteri. Overall, these results suggest that high cover of tree and shrub layers can create an environment that suppresses the herbaceous layer, allowing adequate light penetration, sufficient soil humidity, and organic matter, which can promote both growth and fruiting rates of V. websteri.
4,300원
7.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
In treatment processes of drinking water, the use of disinfectants is essential for eliminating microorganisms and pathogenic viruses. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is one of the most promising disinfectants. To ensure its effective application in drinking water treatment, it is crucial to investigate the stability and reactivity of ClO2 in drinking water treatment environments. Therefore, we examined the effects of various environmental factors such as temperature, light type, fluorescence intensity, and water quality on its stability. We also examined its reactivity with activated carbon and other inorganic compounds such as coagulants and hypochlorous acid. Findings revealed that ClO2 stability was influenced by several environmental factors. Typically, ClO2 is highly volatile. However, the rate of its volatility is independent of its concentration. As temperature and fluorescent light intensity increased, the concentration of ClO2 showed a rapid decline. Additionally, the presence of activated carbon significantly reduced ClO2 levels. In contrast, the reactivity of ClO2 with coagulants and hypochlorous acid was negligible. These findings provide essential insights for optimizing the use of ClO2 in drinking water treatment facilities.
4,000원
8.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
In this study, 41 individuals in 7 locations within CP, MG, UC, and DN map sheets were observed. The MG map sheet had the highest number (n=13) of individuals, while the CP-3 site on the CP map sheet had the lowest number (n=1) of individuals. Land use analysis indicated that the MG site with the highest number of individuals had a high percentage (70.56%) of forest land areas with a small percentage (12.63%) of farmland areas. The CP-3 site with the lowest number of individuals had a small percentage (26.47%) of farmland areas. It also had the highest percentage (32.13%) of residential and commercial areas, covering 19,616 m2. Measurement results of the physical habitat environment for B. karubei indicated a mean substrate of -2.1 (Φm), an average water depth of 63.0 cm, and a flow velocity of 0.2 m s-1. The association rule analysis for co-occurring species revealed that Semisulcospira coreana, Ecdyonurus kibunensis, and Goera japonica had the highest associations among lotic species, while Limnodrilus gotoi and Calopteryx japonica demonstrated the highest association among lentic species.
4,200원
9.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study compared relative growth rates (RGRs) of Neopyropia yezoensis and Neopyropia dentata in response to changes in water temperature (20, 22, 24, 26 and 28°C) and light intensity (40 and 80 μmol m-2·s-1) during early growth stages (1 and 10 mm). After 2 weeks of cultivation under a combination of high temperature and light intensity, the limit growth condition was 22°C for N. yezoensis and 26°C for N. dentata. N. yezoensis with 1 mm blade crimpled seriously at 22 to 26°C than its 10 mm blade. Both sizes were completely dead at temperature over 26°C. On the other hand, N. dentata was able to grow at relatively high temperatures. It grew higher with 10 mm blade than with 1 mm blade. N. dentata showed a normal color and displayed a flat surface without any decay at 28°C. The growth of N. dentata was limited and crimpled at 26 and 28°C 40 μmol photons m-2·s-1 conditions, although its normal growth and morphology were observed under other conditions. In the case of light intensity, it was confirmed that 80 μmol photons m-2·s-1 was more appropriate for grow of both species than 40 μmol m-2·s-1.
4,000원
10.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
We report Ptycholaimellus ocellatus Huang and Wang, 2011, a free-living marine nematode of the family Chromadoridae Filipjev, 1917, as a newly recorded species in Korea. The specimen was collected from intertidal sediment habitats along the southern coast of Korea. Ptycholaimellus ocellatus is characterized by a distinct set of morphological features, including an abruptly tapered cervical region, the presence of ocelli, a transversely striated cuticle with lateral differentiation marked by two prominent longitudinal rows of dots, a large ampulla within a voluminous ventral gland, and two pharyngeal bulbs. This study provides the first taxonomic report of the genus Ptycholaimellus in Korean waters with differential interference contrast (DIC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs.
4,000원
11.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Runoff inhibitors can be used to suppress soil erosion and nutrient runoff. Their impact on soil ecosystems needs to be assessed. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate effects of runoff inhibitors on metabolic activities of soil microbes using starch, cationic starch, guar gum, xanthan gum, and PAM (polyacrylamide) as carbon sources. Responses of soil microbes to carbon sources were analyzed using Biolog EcoPlate. Soil was treated with each carbon source at 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0%. Carbon utilization was measured every week for three weeks. Average well color development (AWCD) was increased in the group treated with starch at 0.5 or 1.0% at 3 weeks after treatment. Effect of cationic starch was different depending on treatment period. This effect decreased at 3 weeks after treatment. Guar gum increased AWCD at all concentrations. Reactions of microbes were different depending on the type of carbon source. Xanthan gum increased AWCD at all concentrations, although amino acid decomposition showed no significant difference. On the other hand, PAM decreased AWCD at all concentrations. The Shannon H index representing functional diversity showed a tendency similar to that of AWCD for all treatments. These results indicate that soil treatments can have secondary effects on metabolic function of soil microbes and physical properties of soil.
4,000원
12.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study aimed to compare terrestrial insect communities in forests and grasslands to explore habitat-specific differences. Grassland and undisturbed forest zones in Buk-sil-ri, Jeongseon-eup, Gangwon-do were surveyed in August and September of 2022 and 2023 using visual inspection and light traps. A total of 1,369 individuals from 447 species, 56 families, and 13 orders were recorded. Lepidoptera was the most dominant (44.0%, with 239 species and 602 individuals) order, followed by Hemiptera (17.6%, 81 species and 241 individuals) and Odonata (11.4%, 13 species and 156 individuals). While most orders, including Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, and Diptera, showed higher abundance and richness in forests than in grasslands, the diversity index was greater in grasslands. The presence of diverse vegetation including invasive species in grasslands likely influenced insect diversity and composition. These findings can enhance our understanding of insect community dynamics across forest and grassland habitats.
4,800원
13.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Ecological characteristics of the brown alga Ishige okamurae Yendo in its natural habitat at Janggam, Shinan on the southwestern coast of Korea were investigated from March 2023 to February 2024. The population of I. okamurae formed extensive patches along the shoreline. Environmental factors such as seawater temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen were monitored during this study. Growth and maturation of the I. okamurae population were assessed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. This alga showed a peak growth in October when the seawater temperature was 19.9°C. It had a mean length of 7.6±1.4 cm, a mean density of 4,466.6±288.9 ind. m-2, and a mean biomass of 663.9±85.3 fresh-wt. m-2. The effective cumulative temperature required for the alga’s maturation was estimated based on growth data with a biological zero temperature of 9.2°C. Sporangia were observed from June to November when seawater temperatures ranged from 20.5°C to 14.0°C. Unilocular sporangia first appeared in June, followed by simultaneous appearance of unilocular sporangia and plurilocular sporangia from July to September. From October to November, only unilocular sporangia were observed. Thallus development began at temperatures above 9.2°C. Maturation required approximately 577 degree-days for unilocular sporangia and 801 degree-days for plurilocular sporangia.
4,000원
14.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study describes two new species, Desmoscolex (Desmoscolex) delticeps sp. nov. and Desmoscolex (Desmoscolex) obtusiseta sp. nov. Belonging to the subgenus Desmoscolex, they were discovered in subtidal habitats along the coast of Korea. Detailed morphological analyses of the two new species were conducted using differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). D. (D.) delticeps sp. nov. was collected from subtidal zones near Ulleungdo Island. It is characterized by a broadly triangular head with robust cephalic setae and centrally positioned oval amphidial fovea. Its somatic setae are arranged in 17 main rings. Its conical terminal ring ends in a long, uncovered spinneret. D. (D.) obtusiseta sp. nov. was collected from distant subtidal zones along the western coast. It is characterized by short, blunt cephalic setae situated on peduncles, a flattened anterior head, and an oval amphidial fovea with a central pore. Its somatic setae are arranged in 17 main rings. Its terminal ring tapers ventrally, ending in a short spinneret. This study highlights distinctive cephalic setae morphologies of these species, providing a deeper understanding of nematode diversity in Korean subtidal zones and contributing to the advancement of marine nematode taxonomy.
5,400원
15.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important food crops in Korea and a crucial source of protein. However, soybean production is significantly impacted by various plant pathogens, including insect pests, plant-parasitic fungi, bacteria, and nematodes. The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is a major plant-parasitic nematode that causes an estimated annual loss of US$29 million in Korean soybean industry. Cultivating SCN-resistant soybean cultivars is considered the most effective method for managing this nematode. To identify such cultivars, we conducted resistance screening tests for 32 soybean cultivars. No resistant cultivar was found. Daewang cultivar exhibited moderate resistance to SCN, while the other 31 were susceptible. These findings suggest that Daewang is currently the best choice for fields infested with SCN. There is a critical need for developing SCN-resistant soybean cultivars in Korea.
4,000원
16.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
A study of intertidal habitats on Jejudo Island, Korea led to the identification of two new species, Desmoscolex (Desmoscolex) jejuensis sp. nov. and Desmoscolex (Desmoscolex) longispiculatus sp. nov., belonging to the subgenus Desmoscolex. Desmoscolex (D.) jejuensis sp. nov. is distinguished by the presence of 18 main rings, with males missing the 8th, 10th, and 14th subventral setae with the 2nd and 15th setae shifted laterally. In females, the 6th, 8th, 10th, and 14th subventral setae are absent. Conversely, D. (D.) longispiculatus sp. nov. exhibits 17 main rings with a typical somatic setae arrangement along with notably elongated spicules and the 14th and 15th subventral setae shifted laterally or slightly subdorsally. Both species are characterized by relatively long and slender cephalic setae. Detailed illustrations and high-magnification micrographs were produced using differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to facilitate morphological comparisons between these new species and related taxa. Furthermore, a comparative trait table and a pictorial key are provided to clearly differentiate these new species from morphologically similar taxa. These findings contribute to the understanding of nematode biodiversity and contribute to the broader knowledge of Desmoscolex diversity in Korean coastal ecosystems.
5,800원
17.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Two spider species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805, Pholcus muju sp. nov. and Pholcus yeongheung sp. nov. in the family Pholcidae C. L. Koch, 1850 are newly described from Korea. These two new species belonging to phungiformes-group in the genus can be distinguished from their congeners by the shape and structure of genital organs of both males and females. They are found on rock walls in mountainous mixed forests. This work provides diagnoses, detailed descriptions, and taxonomic photographs for these new species.
4,000원
18.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
The Tribolodon hakonensis is an anadromous fish that migrates to freshwater for spawning in spring. During this upstream migration, olfaction plays a crucial role by sensing olfactory cues dissolved in the aquatic environment. This study involved anatomical and histological analyses of the olfactory organ in the sea rundace Tribolodon hakonensis during the spawning season, from March to April 2021, in Korea. Anatomically, the external morphology of the olfactory organ comprises a pair of semicircular anterior nostrils, posterior nostrils, and nasal flaps on the snout. Internally, each olfactory organ contains an oval rosette consisting of 30 to 34 lamellae within the olfactory chamber. Histologically, the sensory epithelium exhibits a continuous distribution pattern with a thickness of 49.70±7.49 μm (range: 39.35 to 64.58 μm) extending from the anterior part to the terminal part of the olfactory lamella. This epithelium contains olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, basal cells, and cilia. The non-sensory epithelium, located at the terminal part, has a thickness of 48.74±5.40 μm (range: 38.06 to 59.24 μm) and features stratified epithelial cells and basal cells. Mucous cells, mucus, and lymphatic cells are found in both the sensory and non-sensory epithelia. Based on these results, the olfactory characteristics of T. hakonensis are considered suitable for its ecological traits that facilitate swimming through the middle layer of the water column. These findings could be served as foundational taxonomic data for the genus.
4,000원
19.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Environmental changes play a significant role in the introduction, dispersal, and establishment of invasive species. This study aims to predict the habitat suitability of the newly invasive pest P. absoluta in South Korea by thoroughly considering key environmental factors, including climate and land cover changes. First, the MaxEnt model was developed to simulate changes in habitat suitability using global occurrence data and future climate change scenarios. Subsequently, potential risk areas (PRAs) for P. absoluta within agricultural regions were analyzed based on land cover changes. The results indicated that under all Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenario combinations, the PRA for SSP1 and SSP3 in 2055 were similar, with values of 47.85% and 48.62%, respectively. However, by 2085, these areas showed a marked decrease to 39.28% and 28.52%, respectively. These findings suggest that the PRA for P. absoluta is expected to be most critical in the near future as climate and land-use changes continue to progress. This study emphasizes the urgent need for ongoing monitoring and management to prevent further invasion and spread of P. absoluta into new regions of South Korea. Additionally, it provides scientific evidence to support the development of effective control and management strategies. By thoroughly evaluating the impact of climate and land cover changes on invasive species management, this research presents a foundational framework for predicting the spread and risks of P. absoluta under future climate scenarios.
5,100원
20.
2024.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Maturity at harvest is the key factor influencing storage life and the final quality of fruit. This study examined how the firmness of ‘Sweet Gold’ kiwifruit at harvest affects its post-ripening characteristics to create a maturity chart. Throughout the storage period, firmness decreased in all categories of fruit: hard, medium, and soft. ‘Soft’ fruits lost 40% of their firmness within 2 days after harvest, whereas ‘hard’ fruits remained firmer than soft fruits throughout the storage period and had the least soluble solids content, indicating a slower ripening progression. The acidity of ‘soft’ kiwifruit was very low from the day of harvest, suggesting that it was utilized as a respiratory substrate during ripening. The a-values (indicating redness) for ‘soft’ fruits gradually increased until day 6, stabilizing thereafter. ‘Soft’ fruits exhibited the highest ethylene production rate throughout storage. They showed a climacteric rise in ethylene on day 13, compared to ‘medium’ and ‘hard’ fruits, which exhibited increases on days 19 and 21, respectively. This data can help determine the optimal ethylene treatment duration for ripening ‘Sweet Gold’ kiwifruit. The firmness of ‘Sweet Gold’ kiwifruit at harvest is a crucial factor in determining its marketability and can effectively serve as a maturity index to estimate its shelf life.
4,000원
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