간행물
한국환경과학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Environmental Science International
- 발행기관 한국환경과학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 월간
- ISSN 1225-4517 (Print)2287-3503 (Online)
- 수록기간 1992 ~ 2023
- 주제분류 자연과학 > 자연과학일반 자연과학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 539DDC 628
권호리스트/논문검색
제29권 제5호 (2020년 5월) 13건
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
1.
2020.05
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The purpose of this study was to investigate eco-friendly measures to manage major diseases which cause heavy economic damages to ginseng. Morphological, physicochemical, and molecular biological species identification was carried out after isolating useful antagonistic bacteria from ginseng fields. In addition, optimal conditions for mass culture were established, and he efficacy of the bacteria in the prevention of the diseases was verified in the field. The results showed that about 150 bacteria were extracted from 150 ginseng fields in the whole county. Among them, B. pyrrocinia LA101 was finally selected, which had a strong antagonistic potency against Alternaria panax, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, and Cylindrocarpon destructans on agar media. The B. pyrrocinia LA101 is a baculiform gram-negative bacterium identified as Burkholderia pyrrocinia according to results from an API(Analytical Profile Index) kit, 16S rRNA, and gyrase gene sequencing analysis. It was donated to the microbe bank of the Agricultural Genetic Resources Center at the National Academy of Agriculture Science under the Rural Development Administration on September 28, 2011 (Donation No. KACC91663P). A patent for the mass culture technology was granted in August 2012 (Patent No. 10-1175532).
2.
2020.05
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Fine dust is one of the most critical environmental issues in Korea, and the government recognizes the need to establish customized reduction policies based on regional characteristics. Several studies on air pollutants investigate whether factories affect the distribution of fine dust in a particular region. However, understanding the impact of the entire industry sector requires further investigation. This study identifies the impacts of industrial characteristics on fine dust levels of 141 municipalities across Korea in 2016. A total of 23 variables were used, of which 12 referred to industries and 11 to general characteristics of each city. Due to the high correlation between independent variables, partial least squares (PLS) regression models were used. The analysis identified 14 significant variables for PM10 and 13 for PM2.5. Therefore, the results suggest that local industrial characteristics can significantly influence fine dust levels and provide suggestions for establishing customized reduction policies based on local characteristics.
3.
2020.05
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With continuous industrial development, the types, and amount of particulate matter (PM) have been increasing. Since 2018, environmental standards regarding PM have become more stringent. Pulse air jet bag filters are suitable for PM under the 20㎛ and, can function regardless of size, concentration and type. Filtration velocity and shape are important factors in the operation and design of the pulse air jet bag filters however, few established studies support this theory. In this research, numerical simulations were conducted based on experimental values and, several methods were employed for minimizing the pressure drop. In the pilot system, as the inlet duct velocity was faster than 19 m/sec, flow was not distributed equally and, re-entrainment occurred due to the hopper directional vortex. The multi-inlet system decelerated the hopper directional vortex by 25 ~ 30% , thereby decreasing total pressure drop by 6.6 ~ 14.7%. The guide vane system blocked the hopper directional vortex, which resulted optimal vane angle of 53°. The total pressure of the guide vane system increased by 0.5 ~ 3% at 1.5 m/min conditions. However, the filtration pressure drop decreased by 4.8 ~ 12.3% in all conditions, thereby reducing the operating cost of filter bags.
4.
2020.05
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This study analyzed the quality characteristics of black garlic made from Seosan Yukjok Garlic and elephant garlic in Seosan, Chungnam province. Of the inorganic components, Mg content was the highest in all treatment groups, and the Ca content was high in each of the 15 day treatments. The content of K was high after 10 days aging in Yukjok garlic and after 15 days in the elephant garlic. The Fe, Na, K, and Mg content was high in Yukjok black garlic after 15 days, and Na, K, Ca, and Mg were high in the elephant black garlic aged for 15 days. The crude fat content was high in both Yukjok black garlic and elephant black garlic after 15 days. Vitamin C content was highest in both types of garlic after aging for 15 days. An analysis of four kinds of organic acids showed that citric acid was the only organic acid to appear in raw garlic of Yukjok garlic and elephant garlic. Black Yukjok garlic and elephant black garlic had a greater total amino acid content than the raw garlic of either type. However, among the tested amino acids, 13 kinds of amino acids were at their highest after five days of ripening in Yukjok black garlic, while 15 kinds of amino acids were abundant in elephant garlic after the same period. Eight kinds of amino acids were high after aging for 15 days. Through this study, it was confirmed that, in the process of making black garlic, changes in the main components of the garlic occur through different routes, and these changes vary depending on the garlic species. Therefore, this study provided basic data for the processing of Seosan's Yukjok black garlic and elephant black garlic.
5.
2020.05
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This study analyses the characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from the painting and printing facilities, as well as ambient VOCs at industrial complexes in Gwangju. The major components of VOCs emissions from painting facilities were toluene, acetone, 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzene, o-xylene and m,p-xylene. The printing facilities mostly emitted ethyl acetate, 2-butanone, acetone and toluene. Aromatics (49.9%) and oxygenated VOCs (43.6%) were dominant in painting facilities, while oxygenated VOCs (92.7%) were the largest group in printing facilities. The total hydrocarbon concentration (THC) in printing facilities was approximately six times higher than in the painting facilities. The painting and printing facilities use many solvents. Their THC concentrations differed considerably depending on the type of prevention facilities. To reduce THC, it is necessary to improve the prevention facilities and operating conditions. The dominant species of ambient VOCs in industrial complexes were investigated with toluene, ethyl acetate, 2-butanone, ethyl benzene, m,p-xylene, butyl acetate, o-xylene, hexane and acetone. Factor analysis of ambient VOCs showed that the main sources of the VOCs were organic solvents used in painting, coating, and printing, as well as automobile emissions.
6.
2020.05
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This study investigated the nitrate formation process, and mass closure of Particulate Matter (PM) were calculated over the urbanized area of Jeju Island. The data for eight water-soluble inorganic ions and nineteen elements in PM2.5 and PM10 were used. The results show that the nitrate concentration increased as excess ammonium increased in ammonium-rich samples. Furthermore, nitrate formation was not as important in ammonium-poor samples as it was in previous studies. According to the sum of the measured species, approximately 45~53% of gravimetric mass of PM remained unidentified. To calculate the mass closure for both PM2.5 and PM10, PM chemical components were categorized into secondary inorganic aerosol, crustal matter, sea salt, trace matter and unidentified matter. The results by the mass reconstruction of PM components show that the portion of unidentified matter was decreased from 52.7% to 44.0% in PM2.5 and from 45.1% to 29.1% in PM10, despite the exclusion of organic matter and elemental carbon.
7.
2020.05
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New towns and large multi-family housing complexes are being built in the capital region of Korea, with the goal of creating safe and pedestrian-friendly cities. Traffic accidents in such residential complexes, however, is on the rise, creating social problems. While there have been many previous studies on problems with pedestrian environment; there is a dearth of studies that take design-based approach to ensure safety in pedestrian environment within residential complexes. Therefore, this study aims to prevent traffic accidents by properly planning pedestrian environment within multi-family housing complexes, in addition to emphasizing theories related to planning safer pedestrian environment in general. This study found the following design directions required to improve the design theory of pedestrian safety in multi-family housing complexes: (1) Linking traffic facilities and residential complex spaces in Korea; (2) Considering implementation of United Kingdom road systems; (3) Establishing appropriate objectives for each residential complex based on case study. In response to these findings, the study selected the A84BL complex in Hwaseong Dongtan 2 Complex located in Dongtan-myeon, Hwaseong-si in Gyeonggi Province, Korea. Items that can be implemented, as well as spatial design directions, were discussed with a focus on private vehicles, pedestrians, and service vehicles.
8.
2020.05
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The purpose of this study was to provide basic health care data for the climate aspects of park re-cultivation by evaluating air ions according to the type of vegetation in the valley and upper slopes of the mountain park. Simple negative or positive air ions were expected to show the same tendencies, so they were analyzed in terms of correcting the air ion index. By analyzing the air ions according to the topography, it was found that valley > slope in terms of the air ion index. When analyzing air ions according to tree species, we found that evergreen conifers in the valley > the deciduous broad-leaved trees in the valley > the evergreen conifers in the slope = the deciduous broad-leaved trees in the slope. For DBH(Diameter at breast height), the valley large pole > slope large pole > slope medium hard wood, while crown density was analyzed as valley dense > slope dense> valley proper > slope proper. Layered structure analysis showed that the multi-layer structure of the valley > multi-layer structure of the slope = the single-layer structure of the valley > the single-layer structure of the slope. The correlation coefficient was determined according to vegetation type and air ion index in the order of DBH > crown density > layer structure > geomorphic structure. In this study, limits exist except for ridge line, valley, and slopes in urban mountain parks. Therefore, analysis should be made considering both topographical structure and various vegetation types in future studies of air ions.
9.
2020.05
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To understand the composition, quantity, and quality of Suspended Particulate Organic Matter (SPOM) in the Gangneung Namdae Stream, Korea, we examined spatiotemporal variations in water temperature, salinity, chlorophlly a (Chl a), Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON), and carbon stable isotope (δ13C) of SPOM at six stations in June (pre-monsoon), July (monsoon), and September (post-monsoon) 2017. With increasing precipitation, the average POC and C/N values increased significantly in July than in June. In September, the values decreased with decreasing precipitation. The δ13C values showed irregular spatiotemporal fluctuations among the stations and periods, thereby suggesting a greater contribution of autochthonous organic matter to the pool of SPOM than that of allochthonous organic matter derived from upstream. In addition, the large and irregular changes in POC, C/N ratio, C:Chl a, and δ13C compared to that of PON were observed for all periods among the stations, indicating a serial discontinuity of the stream. Our results suggest that the Gangneung Namdae Stream is significantly influenced by the increase in freshwater discharge caused by heavy rainfalls during the summer monsoon and post-monsoon periods.
10.
2020.05
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In this study, standard precipitation index- based analysis associated with run theory was performed using 53 years’ (1967– 2019) precipitation data to investigate the meteorological drought in Chuncheon. The duration of the meteorological drought in Chuncheon was 8.06 months, magnitude of the drought was -8.21, and average drought depth was -1.08. The drought in May 2014 lasted 21 months until January 2016; the drought scale and average depth was -34.06 and -1.62, respectively. This was the most severe drought in Chuncheon. As a result of drought frequency analysis, the drought scale of May to December in 2014 was estimated to be -16.16, and the return period was estimated to be 300 years. These results are expected to further increase the magnitude and frequency of weather droughts caused by climate change. Therefore, it is critical to prepare appropriate structural measures.
11.
2020.05
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This study aims to increase the ability to adapt to the ecosystem and promote a sustainable use of the natural environment, by classifying the types of damaged lands according to various factors, such as the characteristics of the target area and form, cause, and impact of damage. Moreover, the study suggests the development of evaluation categories and criteria by each type. The results obtained are as follows: first, for the assessment of damaged lands, the changed areas were identified utilizing land cover maps. Video analysis was performed to increase the accuracy, and 88 sites were obtained. Second, the types of damage were classified into ecological infrastructure and ecological environment, and the sub-factors of the cause of damage were classified into 12 factors. Third, each evaluation system for the types of damage was composed of four steps, considering each type of damage and the level of evaluators being higher than paraprofessionals. To supplement this study, it will be necessary to utilize the database of damaged lands other than the Seoul Metropolitan Area and conduct an on-site survey for verification in the future.
TECHNICAL NOTE
12.
2020.05
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The purpose of this study analyzed the overview of corrugated cardboasrd manufacturing industry and then provide direction for improvement. The BREF (BAT reference document) is an important reference for licensees and officer, including the best available techniques for the industry and achievable environmental performance, technical characteristics, and economic information. In the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process, wastewater pollutants are generated throughout the production process, and water is used in the dissociation and aging process. Atmospheric emissions are mostly generated by steam production from boilers and incinerators for the dry process. SO2, NOx, CO2, CO, HCl, dust, VOC, and odor were common. In the EU-BREF (European union BAT reference documents) BAT for wastewater have taken up a relatively large proportion. Items of water pollutants in wastewater were common in COD, BOD, N, P, SS, and however EU-BREF had different pollutants such as AOX and salt compared to K-BREF. In order to improve the quality of the K-BREF, it is necessary to devise basic data research method and data acqusitiom method. Consideration should be given to additional environmental management techniques that reflect the emissions characteristics of the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process. In addition, further research is needed to develop methodologies for selecting BATs considering environmental and economic feasibility.
SHORT COMMUNICATION
13.
2020.05
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The plasma cortisol of nurserypigs was examined using an outdoor efficacy testwith a digital content-based approach in animal welfare convergence types. Nine nurserypigs,without discriminating between female and male, were classified into 2 groups of 3 pigs each: control and group 1 (effect+nature), control and group 2(effect+nature+music). The control group was the same for group 1 and 2 to compare the effects using a t-test. There was no significant difference in plasma cortisol levels between the control group and group 1 until 4 h after stress induction. However, significant differences were subsequently found between the control group and group 1 from 8 h to 72 h (p<0.05). Further, plasma cortisol was not affected in group 2 at 0 h through 8 h and 72 h. At 12 h through 48 h, group 2 showed a reduction in plasma cortisol level compared to the control group(p<0.05). These results indicated that after stress induction, applying effect plus nature or effect plus nature plus music can effectively decrease plasma cortisol levels in nursery pigs within8 h through 72 h and may serve as a better model for digital content-based approach in animal welfare convergence types.
