This paper illustrates a strong bond between the genre constitutions of reading textbooks and the improvement of EFL learners` reading proficiency arising therefrom. Textbooks should be as simple as possible within the proficiency level of EFL learners. The advisability of simplified and authentic texts is recommended for their reading texts. Authentic simple texts should be devised or located in the real world. Peering into whether reading texts contain simple, suitable, exploitable, and readable contents, which should be a desideratum on an authentic textbook, this paper argues that only when reading texts are properly constituted to encompass EFL learners` interest in English, a genuine learner-minded activity in which students focus on the class can be implemented. In a bid to nail the key elements of the reading textbooks, this paper analyzes their components and contexts based on several genre categories. Along with the belief that reading texts should contain the genres to advocate considerable attention to EFL learners with intermediate-level reading proficiency and to encourages them to move on to a higher-level proficiency, this paper claims that the genres of reading textbooks should not swing too far one way, but the constitutions should be kept in equilibrium.

This paper purposes to solve the tricky problems with scope readings by applying May`s (1985) Path Containment Condition (PCC) and Chomsky`s (2000) Phase Impenetrability Condition (PIC) to sentences involving quantifiers and wh-phrases. Contradictory discussions have ensued in connection with scope readings. This paper shows how such problems can be solved with the application of the concept of path and phase presented by May and Chomsky. In order to verify that the PCC and PIC are crucial to the reading of scope ambiguity, this paper covers not only the sentences involving double object predicates and quantifiers, which have been regarded as a more tricky issue, but also other sentences containing complementizers and quantifiers. By employing the notion of path and phase in a unified way, this paper shows that m-command, not c-command, should be employed in deciding scope and its readings.

This paper aims to examine the logical and semantic meanings of wh-movement in English, by taking up individual and pair-list readings available in a sentence in which a quantifier like everyone is contained. Not following the movement hypotheses, I instead take the argument by Rooth (1992, 1996) and Ramchand (1996). I assume that a wh-phrase is contrastive-focused and a contrastive-focused phrase provides a set of relevant things, which contains the meaning of wh-questions. I claim that to derive a correct meaning related to scope of wh-phrases, wh-movement is not necessarily required. This paper also considers the syntactic-semantic derivations of wh-questions in English, to find out an alternative method of the interpretations of wh-phrases.

Young-roung Kim. 2000. Nu1l-Case Checking in Agr-less and Agr-based Theory. Studies in Modern Grammar 22, 145-157. The primary propose of this paper is to examine what it is like to check null case in Agr-based and Agr-less theories. Chomsky (1995) eliminated Agr, actually going back to I, on the ground that Agr plays no role in PF and LF, that Agr violates Bare Inclusiveness Condition, and that the role of Agr can he replaced by T (or I) and v. his paper argues, contra Chomsky, that Agr plays a key role in null-case checking, and that null-case checking can be explained more effectively explained in an Agr-based mechanism than in an Agr-less device.