본 연구는 서열법(교호평균법)과 ZM학파의 식물사회학적 연구방법에 의해 대구, 구미, 김천 근처의 팔공산, 금오산, 황악산 일대의 참나무류 삼림을 분류하고 그 환경조건을 해석할 목적으로 실시되었다 교호평균법에서 추출된 stand의 제 1축상의 종의 배열은 식물사회학적 군락분류의 표징종이나 식별종의 후보 종군을 추출하는데 매우 효과적이었다. 이결과와 타지역과 본 연구지역의 낙엽수림의 조성을 비교 검토한 결과 이하의 2군집, 1군락, 2아군집을 식별하였다. 너도밤나무군강(Fagetea crenatae Miyawaki et al. 1968) ; 당단풍-신갈나무목(Acero-Quercetalia mongolicae Song 1988); 조록싸리-졸참나무군단(Lespedezo-Quercion ser-1-1 때죽나무아군집(Styracetosum japonicae subassoc. nov) 1-2 전형아군집(typicum subassoc. ) (Ainsliaeo-Quercetum mongolicae assoc. nov.) 3. 신갈나무-시닥나무군락(Quercus mongolica-Acer teschonoskii var, rubripes community) 본연구에서 식별된 군단은 우리나라의 냉온대 낙엽활엽수림의 북부형과 남부형에 대응하는 것으로 해석되었다. 서열법에 의해 계산된 제 1축과 제2축상에의 stand의 배열은 인위와 해발과 같은 환경경도상의 계열을 나타내었다. 이상의 연구와 함께 본 연구와 관련되는 사항으로 우리나라의 냉온대림의 군락분류학적 문제점을 종조성론의 입장에서 논하였다.

The effects on photosynthesis of NaCl(0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 or 1.0 M) were examined in etiolated barley seedlings. Chlorophyll(Chl) a, Chl b and carotenoid contents, Chl a fluorescence and quenching coefficients of Chl fluorescence have been determined in the primary leaves of etiolated barley seedlings cultivated under low light(60 μ㏖ m-2s-1). Chl a, b, and carotenoid contents were decreased remarkably in comparison with the control at 0.4 M NaCl. However, the value of Fo and Fv were decreased at 0.6 M NaCl and the ratio of Fv/Fm were deceased at 1.0 M NaCl. Chlorophyll synthesis was seriously inhibited from 0.4 M NaCl, and the photosynthetic electron transport system was inhibited from 0.6 M NaCl. Quantum of photosystem II reaction center was inhibited at 1.0 M NaCl. The effects of NaCl on the Chl content were raised in a 6 hrs, but the effects of NaCl on the value of Fo, Fv and Fv/Fm were raised in 30 hrs. The value of qP was decreased in comparison with the control at all concentrations, but there was a small change in the value qE. These results provide evidence that NaCl inhibited effects of various concentration of NaCl were inhibited quinone redox, however, proton gradient between thylakoid membranes was little damaged.

To investigate the effects of strong acidic electrolytic water on the chloroplast, barley leaves were treated with strong acidic electrolytic water(pH 2.5). And to investigate the effects of weak acidic electrolytic water on the chloroplast development, etiolated barley leaves were treated with weak acidic electrolytic water(pH 6.5) during greening period. Chl contents, Fo, Fv, and Chl fluorescence quenching coefficient in barley leaves were measured during and after treatment of acidic electrolytic water. The following results were obtained. Chl a, b, and carotenoid were decreased with treatment of strong acidic electrolytic water. Chl contents were significantly decreased than that of the control after 5 min. These results provide evidence that the strong acidic electrolytic water dissimilate the Chl and so that the value of Fo was slightly increased. The strong acidic electrolytic water damaged PS Ⅱ because Fo was increased and Fv, Fm, and Fv/Fm ratio were decreased. qP, qNP and qE were decreased. On the other hand qI was increased than that of the control. But Chl content and Chl fluorescence patterns were a little changed as the pH increase over 4.0. Chl a, b, and carotenoid were increased with treatment of weak acidic electrolytic water during greening period. Chl contents were significantly increased than that of control after 12 hours greening. These results provide evidence that the weak acidic electrolytic water accelerated the chlorophyll synthesis. And the weak acidic electrolytic water accelerated PS Ⅱ development because Fv, Fm, qP and Fv/Fm ratio were increased than that of the control.

Effects of aluminium(Al), soil pH and calcium(Ca) on growth response and heavy metal accumulation and regulation of nitrogen fixation in Melilotus suaveolens seedlings, a biennial legume plant dominating in the disturbed area, were quantitatively analyzed during the growing periods. Accumulation of metals in each organ of M. suaveolens was increased with the lowering of pH. Al contents in leaf and root treated with 30ppm Al at pH 4.2 on the 28th day after treatment were 8 and 11 folds higher than those of control, while the contents with 100ppm Al were 21 and 24 folds as compared to control. The significent inhibition in Al contents was induced by 100ppm Al and Ca at pH 6.5. Increased metals inhibited height at pH 4.2 and the growth inhibition due to Al was reversed by the addition of Ca, suggesting that growth correlates to the pH value. Chlorophyll contents in leaves increased during growth stage were inhibited by Al treatments. The biomass was decreased with the lowering of pH and the increase of concentrations. 100ppm Ca treatment resulted in 5.1-5.9% increase of the biomass as compared to that of 100ppm Al. Specific nitrogen fixation activities in nodules in the 100ppm Al at pH 4.2 and pH 6.5 were reduced to 35. 2% and 52.2% of control, on the 28th day after treatment, while the combination of Al and Ca induced inhibition of activities to 4.6% and 69.9% of control, respectively. Total amount of nitrogen fixation was reduced by 10% as compared to control with the treatment of 100ppm Al at pH 4.2 due to the inhibition of nodule formation. However the stimulative effect of nodule formation was enhanced by the combination of 100ppm Al and Ca and lowering of pH.

To investigate the effects of sulfite on the chloroplast development, etiolated barley seedlings were treated with 100 mM sulfite solution every 3 hour by spraying during 96 hours greening period. The effects were determined by chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents, photosynthetic electron transport activity, chlorophyll fluorescence yield and fluorescence quenching parameters. The contents of chlorophyll a and carotenoids were decreased than that of control by treatment of sulfite over 48 hours greening. PS Ⅱ is more sensitive to sulfite than PS I is. And by the addition of DPC to the chloroplasts of the barley seedling treated with sulfite, the photoreduction of DCPIP was not recovered. In greening with sulfite treated barley leaves, Fo, Fv and Fv/Fm ratio were decreased with little difference from that of control. But qP, qNP and qR were lowed in comparison with those of controls whereas qE was slightly higher than that of control. Especially, it is interesting that qR was decreased markedly compared to that of control. The results in the change of PS I activity, Fv/Fm and qP suggest that the site of inhibition by sulfite is carbon dioxide reduction cycle.

The effects of various intensity of UV-B on barley seedling were investigated by PS I and Ⅱ activities and chlorophyll fluorescence. The inhibitory effect of UV-B radiation on electron transport activity was increased as the intensity of UV-B irradiation was increased. Especially, PS Ⅱ is more sensitive to UV-B radiation than PS I is. By the addition of artificial electron donor, DPC, to the chloroplasts of the barley seedlings treated with UV-B, the photoreduction of DCPIP was recovered by only 11% on electron transport activity. However, the activity of PS Ⅱ was inhibited by 45% by the treatment with UV-B, but recovered it only 11% by the addition of DPC. These suggest that other sites besides the oxidation site of PS Ⅱ may be affected more by UV-B irradiation. As the intensity of UV-B was increased, Fo was increased while Fv was decreased, and thus Fv/Fm was decreased. This means that photochemical efficiency was reduced. With this parameters, it might be that UV-B radiation affected adversely to around PS Ⅱ.

수도의 물질생산과 생장특성을 분석 검토하기 위해 1972년부터 1973년까지 Indica 품종인 수원 213-001와 수원 21004, Japonica 품종인 팔굉, 아끼바레, 농백의 5품종을 공시하여 2년간 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 각 품종간의 현존량(Total Standing Crop)의 차이는 생육초기에는 뚜렷하지 않았으나 출수기를 전후해서 품종간의 차이가 명확했다. 즉 출수후의 최대치가 수원 213-001와 수원 21004는 현존량이 약 80g/주인데 비해 기타 품종들은 60g/주 전후였다. 2) 군락의 엽면적은 각 품종 공히 출수기에 가장 많았고 그 후 점차 저하했다. 최대 엽면적기때의 엽면적지수(LAI)는 품종에 따라 3.06~5.7이었으며 수원 213-001가 가장 컸다. 3) F/C Ratio(광합성기관과 비광헙성기관의 비)는 분약초기에 최대치로서 각 품종 공히 0.7전후였으나 점차 저하하여 생장완료기에는 0.1정도였다. 4) 생산구조도를 추구한 결과 순생산량 및 고사량을 수량적으로 산출할 수 있었다. 5) 생육기간 중 총순생산량은 수원 213-001, 수원 21004, 팔굉, 아끼바레, 농백에 대해서 각각 112, 720, 91.848, 74.736, 80.449, 65.515g/주 이었다. 6) RGR(상대생장율)은 각 품종 공히 생장초기에 높아 품종에 따라 0.5~1.0g/g/wk이었으며 생장후기에는 각 품종 공히 0.1g/g/wk 정도로 저하했다. 특히 수원213-001와 수원 21004는 출수기의 RGR이 기타 품종에 비해 현저히 높았다. 7) NAR(순동화율)은 RGR과 같이 수원 213-001와 수원 21004에 있어서는 기타 품종에 비해 생장초기에 다소 낮았으나 출수기에는 현저히 높았다. 8) CGR(개체군생장속도)은 Indica 품종인 수원 213-001와 수원 21004는 출수기에 최대치로서 450g/지면적 m2 , Japonica 품종들은 200g/지면적 m2 전후의 생장속도를 보였다. 9) LAR(엽면적비)은 생장초기에 최대치로서 각품종 공히 100cm2 /g 정도이었고 생장후기에는 25cm2 /g 정도였다. 10) RGR과 NAR, Pn 등의 기상요인과의 상관관계는 각 품종 공히 출수기의 평균일사량 350Cal/cm2 /day 전후, 평균온도 24℃ 정도일 때 가장 높았다. 11) 태양 Energy 이용율은 Indica 품종인 수원 213-001(2.90%), 수원 21004(2.45%)가 Japonica 품종들 (약 2.0%)에 비해 현저히 높았다. 이상의 분석 결과와 수량 생산의 결과를 종합하여 India 품종은 경북지역의 다수확 품종으로 높이 평가됨과 동시에 금후 재배적 제방법의 향상으로 보다 높은 수량을 얻을 수 있음을 알았다.