The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of nutritional and social factors among 100 children aged 5~6 years. Forty five children (45%) were selected from families with low socioeconomic status, while 55 children (55%) were from those with high socioeconomic status. Cognitive performance of the children was measured by the Draw a man test and the degrees of hyperactivity were assessed by both children's mothers and their teachers using two different Check List (Behavior check list and Conner's rating scale). There were few associations between cognitive performance and nutritional variables. However, levels of hyperactivity were related positively to diversity of food intake and weight percentage for age, and negatively to animal and processed food preferences. These results indicate a possible role of nutrition on psychological development.

We evaluated the nutritional and socioeconomical factors of 100 children aged 5~6 years. Forty five children (45%) were selected from families with low socioeconomic status, while 55 children (55%) were from those with high socioeconomic status. Some differences of the nutritional factors (eating behavior, food preference, food frequency) were found between low and high socioeconomic groups. This survey suggest that eating behavior, food preference and food frequency may be useful in estimating nutritional factors. And the nutrition education for the children and their meal planners is necessary to improve the nutritional status of the subjects.