본 연구의 목적은 한국 전통약주의 제조방법중 반숙미를 밑술 담금에 사용하는 양조방법에 대하여 이 방법의 효과를 양조학적인 관점에서 입증해 보기 위한 것이다. 쌀을 여러 온도에서 가열처리한 후 쌀 전분과 쌀 단백질의 가수분해 용이도를 조사하고 전통적인 방문주의 제조방법에 따라 반숙미를 사용하는 양조실험을 하였으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 60∼65℃에서 반숙된 쌀이 80∼100℃에서 완숙된 쌀보다 당화 및 단백질의 분해가 훨씬 용이하게 이루어졌다. 반숙미를 혼용하여 제조한 약주가 완숙미만 사용한 약주보다 당분, 총아미노산 및 exract의 함량이 2배 정도 더 높았다. 반숙미를 혼용하여 제조한 약주가 완숙미만 사용한 약주보다 관능검사에서 훨씬 좋은 평가를 받았다. 따라서 우리 조상들이 전통적인 약주류의 제조시에 반숙미를 혼용하는 것은 양조학적인 관점에서 매우 우수한 방법인 것으로 판단되었다.

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important trace gas in the atmosphere not only because of its large global warming potential (GWP) but also because of the role in the ozone depletion in the stratosphere. It has been known that soil is the largest natural source of N2O in global emission. However, anthropogenic sources contributing from industrial section is likely to increase with rising the energy consumption, and transportation as well. In this study, a total of 32 gasoline-powered passenger vehicles (ranging from small to large engine's displacement and also ranging from aged catalyst to new catalyst) were tested on the chassis dynamometer system in order to elucidate the characteristics of N2O emission from automobiles under different driving modes. Ten different driving modes developed by NIER were adapted for the test. The results show that the N2O emission decreases logarithmically with increase of vehicle speed over the all test vehicles (N2O emission = -0.062 Ln (vehicle speed) + 0.289, r2=0.97). It revealed that the larger engine's displacement, the more N2O emission were recorded. The correlation between N2O emission and catalyst aging was examined. It found that the vehicles with aged catalyst (odometer record more than 8,0000km) emit more N2O than those with new catalyst. Average N2O emission was 0.086±0.095 N2O-g/km (number of samples=210) for the all test vehicles over the test driving modes.