벼 흰잎마름병균의 정확한 진단을 위하여 PCR용 진단 kit를 개발하였다. 본 PCR kit를 개발하기 위하여 벼 흰잎마름 병균 유전체 정보 중 phage-related integrase and transposase gene의 염기서열을 이용하여 프라이머를 각각 제작하였다. 프라이머 염기서열은 XOP-F (5-CGG TCT GCT CAA TGA GGA AGA-3)와 XOP-R2 (5-TGC AAT TGG TGT TCTCCA GG-3), XOT-F (5-GTC ATA GGT GAG GCT TCCC-3)와 XOT-R2 (5-AGT GCG ATC TTT CAG CAG G-3)로 벼 흰잎마름병균의 DNA를 401bp와 492bp를 증폭하게 제작하였다. PCR 증폭은 벼 흰잎마름병균만 증폭하였으며 다른 세균인 Escherichia coli, Agrobacterim, Pectobacterium caratovora subsp. cartovorum, P. atrosepticum, Pseudomonasputida, P. syringae, P. savastanoi pv. phaeolicola, P. savastanoipv. savastanoi and P. marginalis pv. Marginalis 등은증폭되지 않아 특이성이 인정 되었다. 본 프라이머로 병이 의심되는 벼잎과 논물에서 병원균을 3시간 이내에 검출할 수 있었다.

The occurrence and damage of stink bugs were monitored at South Korea from 2007 to 2008. A total of 11 stink bug species were observed in paddy field and occurrence periods of stink bugs were significantly differed by species. In occurrence period and damage of stink bug feeding in paddy field, Scotinophara lurida occurred from June, Cletus punctiger, Eysarcoris aeneus, Rhopalus maculatus, Riptortus clavatus, E. ventralis, Stenotus rubrovittatus occurred from August and Pachygrontha antennata, C. schmidti, Trigonotylus caelestialium, Paromius exiguus occurred from September. When we were classified into two region with mountain and plain area cultivated rice, generally C. puntiger population was higher in mountain area than plain area, and E. aeneus was higher in plain area than mountain area. Also, stink bug species were higher in environment condition formed with a paddy field and a waterway overgrown with weeds. Control threshold for E. aeneus in paddy field was 1-2 individuals/heading stage, and then rate of pecky rice made to 5.0% while milk stage, dough stage and yellow ripe stage made to less than 5.0%.

The green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps is an insect vector which transmits virus diseases of rice plant causing severe damage to the rice and its damage both quality and yield of rice. Survival rate of overwintering N. cincticeps in Alopeculus acquadis among 15 species of the winter crops and weeds was 37.8% and its most preferred. Density of N. cincticeps in environment-friendly agriculture area which cultivated Astragalus sinicus as a green manure crop in winter season increased in number wintering pass in Alopeculus acquadis and Astragalus sinicus as host plants, because of control of N. cincticeps was not enough in the previous year. Survival rate of N. cincticeps was higher mainly in habitation mixed with rice straw, Astragalus sinicus and Alopeculus acquadis as winter habitation. It warmed due to the effect of the keeping warmth inside of a rice paddy field and the bank around a rice field covered with rice straw or Astragalus sinicus. Also, habitation conditions were optimal for survival because of growing Alopeculus acquadis as the major host plant of N. cincticeps in that place.

Sixteen isolates showing relatively strong antagonicity against the ginger rhizome rot pathogen, Pythium zingiberum, were selected among the 155 isolates from ginger rhizome surfaces and rhizospheres of ginger cultivation fields in Wanju, Chonbuk. The isolate, 'HB 26-5'showing the strongest antagonicity was finally selected by testing duration of inhibition effect and pathogenicity to ginger. The isolated antagonistic microorganism, 'HB 26-5' was rod shape, gram positive and formed endospore. The isolate produced acids utilizing glucose, arabinose, xylose and mannitol, and acetoin at VP test, and grew anaerobically. Temperature range for growth was from 10 to 40℃ . Reaction to catalase and gelatin, hydrolysis were positive, and casein hydrolysis and indol production were negative. Based on the mycological characters and the fatty acid composition, it was identified as Bacillus polymyxa. The pathogenicity test of isolated Bacillus polymyxa 'HB 26-5'on 22 crop cultivars resulted that only the lettuce was influenced in germination, and the others were not affected.