Corrosion products generated from the oxidation of structure materials are deposited on the surface of coolant systems, forming CRUD (Corrosion Related Unidentified Deposits). The CRUD deposition on the fuel surface has influenced the heat transfer through the fuel rod. When CRUD was deposited on a fuel surface, heat resistance may increase, and this increase in heat resistance leads to the increase in temperature distribution from cladding to coolant. Also, the temperature distribution is related to the radiolytic and chemical reactions within the CRUD deposits. This influence may be enough to change the pH distribution within the CRUD deposits. To estimate the influence of thermal resistance, the composition, microstructure, and vapor fraction within the CRUD should be considered, by investigating the thermal conductivity model of CRUD deposits. Therefore, in this study, the CRUD thermal conductivity was studied through the literature study, by considering composition, capillary flow characteristics, and vapor fraction. For the uncertainty parameters, a sensitivity study was conducted to check the degree of influence on thermal conductivity. The effective thermal conductivity was applied to the radiochemistry model within the CRUD deposits and an analysis of the influence in radiolysis reaction within the CRUD deposits with a fixed thickness.

Sediment cell is renewable energy which produces electric energy using immanent ingredients or reducing power of marine sediment as natural resources. Also the cell has an advantage that environmental pollution can be reduced through conversion of organic and inorganic contaminants into inert matter with generation of the energy. In this paper, we compared characteristics of electricity generation of the two different sediment cells, and investigated the regeneration effect of the sediment cells with manipulation of the sediment such as mixing and re-positioning. The results showed that 14.1 W/m2 of power was obtained with the aluminum electrode, and the mixing of the sediment could increase the power by 4 W/m2 compared to the control. Also, mixing the sediment has kept electricity for 4 weeks at a relatively constant level, which implied ‘fuel regeneration effect'. Meanwhile, the sediment cell was proved to be effective in reduction of COD, which was up to 28.6%.