Solder paste is widely used as a conductive adhesive in the electronics industry. In this paper, nano and microsized mixed lead-free solder powder (Sn-Ag-Cu) is used to manufacture solder paste. The purpose of this paper is to improve the storage stability using different types of solvents that are used in fabricating the solder paste. If a solvent of sole acetate is used, the nano sized solder powder and organic acid react and form a Sn-Ag-Cu malonate. These formed malonates create fatty acid soaps. The fatty acid soaps absorb the solvents and while the viscosity of the solder paste rises, the storage stability and reliability decrease. When ethylene glycol, a dihydric alcohol, is used the fatty acid soaps and ethylene glycol react, preventing the further creation of the fatty acid soaps. The prevention of gelation results in an improvement in the solder paste storage ability.

The study aimed to evaluate the damage persistence during subsequent years in kiwifruit vines defoliated by strong wind such as typhoons. Artificial defoliation was treated on five-year-old ‘Jecy Gold’ kiwifruit vines grown in a plastic house in year 2013 and 2014 by applying four levels of defoliation, i.e., 0, 50, 75, and 100% in August 23, 2013 and 100% defoliation in July 28 and August 29, 2014, respectively. Return bloom and fruit quality were investigated in the following two years, 2014 and 2015. A significant reduction in number of flowers per shoot in the following year, 2014 was recorded for the vines with 50%, 75%, and 100% defoliations treated in 2013 compared to the control vines. The number of flowers per florescence was significantly reduced for defoliated vines. Nevertheless, the fruit quality parameters, i.e., fruit length, width, weight, firmness, TSS, acidity, and dry matter content were not significantly different for the defoliated vines compared to the control vines. The vines defoliated in 2013 at 75% and 100% levels showed a significant reduction of number of flower per inflorescence in 2015 compared to the 0% defoliation. However, the number of flowers per shoot and fruit quality were not significantly different. Also, the number of flowers per inflorescence in 2015 was significantly reduced by July 28, 2014 or August 29, 2014 defoliation compared to non-defoliated vines while the number of flowers per shoot, and fruit quality in 2015 were not significantly different between treatments and control vines. Accordance with the present findings, the flowering is considerably affected by the shortage of carbohydrate supply than the fruit quality of ‘Jecy Gold’ kiwifruit. In addition, the negative impacts of severe defoliation in flowering of ‘Jecy Gold’ kiwifruit might be persisted more than one season from the time of defoliation and consequently, the total yield might be reduced in the following seasons after defoliation.

오크라의 노지안정기술을 확립하기 위하여, 오크라 생육초기의 보온을 위한 터널식 막덮기 처리가 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 1. 막덮기 재료에 따른 기온변화에서 비닐처리구와 부직포처리구 모두 대조구보다 평균 6.7, 3.3oC 높게 나타났으며, 지온의 평균온도에서도 3.1, 1.0oC 이상 높게 나타났다. 2. 출현율에서는 두 품종 모두 5/4처리구에서 93.3, 77.8%로 높게 나타났으며, 막덮기 재료에 따른 출현율 비교에서는 모두 비닐처리구에서 98.3, 86.7%로 가장 높은 출현율이 나타났고, 출현 80% 소요일수에서도 비닐처리구에서 7.0, 9.7일로 대조구보다 9.7, 17.3일 빠른 출현을 보였다. 3. 초장의 변화는 4/16비닐처리구 > 4/16부직포처리구 > 5/4 비닐처리구 > 4/16대조구 > 5/4부직포처리구 ＞ 5/4대조구 순으로 대체적으로 파종시기가 빠를수록 비닐 막덮기 처리에서 초장이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 4. 과실수량은 4/16비닐처리구 > 4/16부직포처리구 > 5/4비닐처리구 > 4/16대조구 > 5/4부직포처리구 ＞ 5/4대조구 순으로 두 품종 모두 4/16비닐처리구로 가장 적은 수량을 보인 5/4대 조구보다 그린소드 169 kg·10a−1, 베니는 103 kg·10a−1 더 많은 수확량이 나타났다.