The mosquito is a dangerous disease vector, which transfers various diseases like dengue virus, Zika virus and malaria.This study used an alternative way of mosquito repellent agents rather than chemical repellents such as DEET. We haveemployed a novel emitters of ultra-sonic sounds, which showed repellent effects to mosquito behaviors that avoid ultra-sonicsounds. Using NGS analysis after ultrasonic treatment, we found that some subsets of sensory and other related geneswere affected, indicating that ultrasonic sounds affects gene expression associated with host finding behaviors in Aedesaegypti. Additionally, we performed electrophysiological recording and behavior assay testing repellency in a chamberin Culex pipiens, which is the most common species in Korea.

The lumbar discectomy is the surgery with low morbidity itself and need the prone position, which is essential for this surgery. However, the increased intra-abdominal pressure after changing supine to prone position may lead intra-abdominal hypertension or abdominal compartment syndrome, consequently acute mesenteric ischemia. Acute mesenteric ischemia is one of the fatal conditions of acute abdomen with overall mortality of 60% to 100%. Unfortunately, the early detection of mesenteric ischemia in perioperative period of spinal surgery is difficult. We herein report an experience of acute mesenteric ischemia after lumbar discectomy in prone position, and review the relative literatures.

Recently there are increasing numbers of people participating in sports activities. Accordingly, the rate of sports injuries is increasing as well. In this light, this study was conducted to investigate the extent of acute damage and its forms by examining the current state of patients with sports injuries. This research study was conducted between January of 2008 and December of 2010 in Chosun University Hospital through retrospective review of the medical records of patients with sportsrelated injuries. The total number of patients with sports injuries who visited the emergency center was 887. The number of male patients was 726 (81.85%), far more than the number of female patients (18.15%). More than half of the patients, accounting for 419 (47.23%), had injuries on their face; second and common parts, in which injuries occurred, were upper and lower body, accounting for 146 (16.45%) and 193 (21.75%), respectively. The majority of patients did not undergo surgical treatment. Only 113 (12.73%) patients underwent surgical treatment. In addition, more than 80% of them were not hospitalized but 170 of them needed to be hospitalized. Most sports injuries occurred in young male patients. This can interrupt participation in sports activities for a long time and result in lower quality of life. Hence proper preventative measures and scientific treatment methods are needed.

Recently, detection of esophageal diverticula by neck ultrasonography has been increasing. In particular, esophageal diverticula near the thyroid gland can be diagnosed as thyroid nodule on ultrasonography. To date, 13 cases of ultrasonographic features of Killian-Jamieson (K-J) diverticula have been reported. We report on four cases of K-J diverticula and discuss clinical characteristics, including ultrasonographic findings, in comparison with previously reported cases. Awareness of ultrasonographic finding of esophageal diverticula, a hypoechoic nodule containing echogenic foci found in the posterolateral aspect of the thyroid, is most important for making a differential diagnosis of K-J diverticulum from a thyroid nodule.

“Ilyeop” (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton), a new cultivar for leaf vegetable, was developed from a cross between Ipdeulkkae1 and YCPL187 at the National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment Station, RDA, in 2001. For the cultivation of leaf vegetable perilla, the plants are grown with a spacing of 10 × 5 cm between rows and plants and all branches are removed to harvest uniform leaves from main stem, indicating that the amount of the next harvesting leaf is a important characteristic for the growth of the plant. “Ilyeop” grows vigorously and yields high quality leaf with higher amount of the next harvesting leaves composed with a check cultivar, “Ipdeulkkae1”. “Ilyeop” has five days of earlier seed maturity (Oct. 24) than that of “Ipdeulkkae1” under natural condition, less chance of frost damage is expected. The flowering date of “Ilyeop” is same with that of “Ipdeulkkae1” in winter cultivation with night break treatment.

“Bora” is a new perilla (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton) cultivar developed from a cross between Ipdeulkkae1 and YCPL199 at National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment Station, RDA, in 2001. Purple backside leaf color is one of the most important characteristics for the high quality perilla leaf. “Bora” has purple backside leaf color in all climate condition, while a check variety, Ipdeulkkae1 has too light color during summer season or in high temperature condition. “Bora” matures at October 18th and has 79 cm of the stem length, shorter than that of Ipdeulkkae1. Although leaf yield is 11% less than that of a check variety Ipdeulkkae1, the harvested leaf number of “Bora” is similar with that of Ipdeulkkae1. The cultivar is appropriable in all area of Korea for the leaf harvesting cultivation whereas it is restricted to southern part of Korea South Gyeongsang and South Jeola provinces, for the seed harvesting cultivation.