This study investigates the acute toxicity of sublethal tributyltin (TBT) exposure in the marine polychaetes Perinereis aibuhitensis by measuring changes in mortality, burrowing activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) function, and antioxidant defense mechanisms. The 96h-LC50 of TBT was established at 23.7 μg L⁻¹. Following exposure to 1 μg L⁻¹ of TBT led to a dose-dependent reduction in burrowing behavior and AChE activity in polychaetes. Elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and pronounced reduction of glutathione (GSH) contents explained significant oxidative stress. The major antioxidant enzymes, including GSH peroxidase, GSH reductase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, were also significantly suppressed following TBT exposure. These findings indicate that TBT-induced acute toxicity compromises physiological functions and undermines antioxidant defense system in polychates.

최근 증가한 상어의 출현빈도 증가는 상어 혼획의 증가와 더불어 상어에 의한 생태계 변화의 정밀 해석의 필요성으로 이어지고 있다. 안정동위원소는 생태학적 현상을 해석하 고 이해하는 데 사용되며, 상어의 이동에 대한 원인과 생태계 내 상어의 위치 및 생태를 이해하는데 도움이 될 수 있다. 본 총론에서는 한국의 상어 연구에서 영양 단계와 먹이 구성을 추정하고 이동 및 서식지 이용 패턴을 추론하기 위한 안정동위원소 기법의 활용을 제안하고자 한다. 연구자들이 이 접근법의 강점과 한계를 이해하는 데 도움을 주기 위해, 탄소 및 질소 안정동위원소의 영양 단계 판별 특성, 그리고 영양 단계 및 먹이 구성 추정을 위한 방법론적 고려 사항에 대한 간략한 개요를 제공하고자 하며 연골어류 특유의 특성에 대한 동위원소 기법의 주의 사항 및 화합물 안정동위원소비를 이용한 최신 연구도 소개한다. 안정동위원소 기법은 위내용물, 유전자, 생지화학적 마커와 공동 활용을 통해 상어 생태학에 대한 기본적인 의문을 해결하는 데 강력한 도구로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Invasive predators are one of the most damaging species groups to biodiversity. In the Nakdong River, the lake skygazer Chanodichthys erythropterus is a dominant species that is fiercely carnivorous and a concern for commercial fish. Although it is important to understand the ecological characteristics related to the feeding habit, studies on the diets of lake skygazer in Nakdong River have been limited to studies of gut contents. In this study, the trophic position (TP) and feeding habits of C. erythropterus were studied by calculating TPs using samples collected from 13 sites throughout the Nakdong River. Compound-specific isotopic analysis of amino acids provided reliable TPs from the muscle of Lake skygazer C. erythropterus without any isotope baseline. The results were approximately 3 to 3.6 and suggesting a carnivorous but size-dependent prey variation. In particular, the TP variability of C. erythropterus observed in the Nakdong River showed that it had a selective feeding habit compared to carnivorous fish species of relatively similar trophic levels.

Despite the consumption of disinfectants have been increased by COVID-19 pandemic, the fate of the chemicals in aquatic food webs are still unclear. In order to understand the trophic transfer of the chemicals, the concentration of disinfectants including six benzalkonium chloride (BACs) and five didecyldimethylammonium chlorides (DDACs) were measured at the Geum (2020), Han (2021), and Yeongsan River (2021), before and after rainfall. The highest concentration of ΣBACs (mainly C12 and C14) and ΣDDACs (mainly C10 and C14) were observed in the Han River, followed by Yeongsan River, Geum River Estuary, and Gapcheon. After rainfalls, both concentration and detection frequency were decreased in all sites. Although the BAC and DDAC seems to be accumulated in organisms, they were bio-diluted rather than magnified in the aquatic food web with the biomagnification factor (BMF) of less than 1, trophic magnification slope (TMS) from - 0.236 to 0.001, and trophic magnification factor (TMF) from 0.85 to 1.01.

안정동위원소 분석 기법(Stable isotope analysis, SIA)은 환경과학, 생태학, 지구생물화학, 법의학, 고고학 등 다양한 연구 분야에 활용되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 수산 및 양식 연구에 안정동위원 소 비 분석 기법을 활용하기 위해 필요한 배경 지식을 소개하고자 한다. 특히, 자연 값(natural abundance)을 이용하는 연구에 초점을 두었고 원소가 생물의 조직으로 통합되는 과정에서 발 생하는 분별작용(동위원소 비의 변화)에 대한 원리와 안정동위원소 비가 유용한 도구로서 어 떤 목적으로 생태, 환경학 분야에 이용되는지, 나아가 수산 및 양식 분야에 활용 가능한 예들 을 제시하고자 한다. 본 논문을 통한 안정동위원소 분야의 이해로 향후 수산학 및 양식 연구 에서 안정 동위원소 비의 다양한 활용이 기대된다.

The risk of various hazardous substances in aquatic environment comprises not only the concentration of substances in the environmental medium but also their accumulation in fish through complex food web and the health risks to humans through the fish. In Korea, the monitoring of residual toxicant in aquatic ecosystems began in 2016 following the enforcement of the Acts on registration and evaluation for the management of chemicals used in daily life (consumer chemical products), and attention has been paid to potentially hazardous substances attributed to them. Recently, studies have been carried out to investigate the distribution of these hazardous substances in the ecosystem and calculate their emission factors. These include the accumulation and transport of substances, such as detergents, dyes, fragrances, cosmetics, and disinfectants, within trophic levels. This study summarizes the results of recently published research on the inflow and distribution of hazardous substances from consumer chemical products to the aquatic environment and presents the scientific implication. Based on studies on aquatic environment monitoring techniques, this study suggests research directions for monitoring the residual concentration and distribution of harmful chemical substances in aquatic ecosystems. In particular, this study introduces the directions for research on trophic position analysis using compound specific isotope analysis and trophic magnification factors, which are needed to fulfill the contemporary requirements of selecting target fish based on the survey of major fish that inhabit domestic waters and assessment of associated health risk. In addition, this study provides suggestions for future biota monitoring and chemical research in Korea.