In this study, we report significant improvements in lithium-ion battery anodes cost and performance, by fabricating nano porous silicon (Si) particles from Si wafer sludge using the metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) process. To solve the problem of volume expansion of Si during alloying/de-alloying with lithium ions, a layer was formed through nitric acid treatment, and Ag particles were removed at the same time. This layer acts as a core-shell structure that suppresses Si volume expansion. Additionally, the specific surface area of Si increased by controlling the etching time, which corresponds to the volume expansion of Si, showing a synergistic effect with the core-shell. This development not only contributes to the development of high-capacity anode materials, but also highlights the possibility of reducing manufacturing costs by utilizing waste Si wafer sludge. In addition, this method enhances the capacity retention rate of lithium-ion batteries by up to 38 %, marking a significant step forward in performance improvements.

This study aimed to investigate whether bacterial ghosts (BGs), empty cell envelopes of a gram-negative bacterium, delivering envelope protein domain III (EDIII) of dengue virus (DENV) serotype 2 could induce protective immune responses against dengue infection. In this study, we constructed Salmonella Typhimurium BGs expressing and delivering EDIII (BG-EDIII) and evaluated these ghosts for their immunogenicity studies in C57BL/6 mice. Our results demonstrated that the mice vaccinated once orally with BG-EDIII followed by an intramuscular boosting with a recombinant EDIII protein elicited significantly higher humoral and cell-mediated immune responses compared to the BGs alone vaccinated group (p<0.001). Upon challenge with DENV2, significantly lower viral load and liver damage was observed in BG-EDIII vaccinated group than BGs alone control group (p<0.05). The outcomes of this study revealed the ability of BG- EDIII to stimulate immune response with no observable damage to the vital organs.

“청년에 의한, 젊은 여성에 의한, 젊은 여성을 위한”이라는 기치 아래 기독교 정신을 바탕으로 시작한 세계YWCA는 복음의 열정으로 출발한 신앙 운동이자 에큐메니컬 정신을 바탕으로 한 봉사 운동이며, 인류의 평화와 화해를 추구하는 평화 운동의 주체로 오랫동안 자리매김 해 왔다. 그 정신을 이어받아 한국 YWCA는 2022년 4월이면 창립 100주년을 맞이한다. 그러나, 한국 학계는 일반사나 기독교사를 막론 하고 YWCA에 대해 큰 관심이 없었다. 한국 YWCA 역시 아시아에서 처음 개최된 항주 세계YWCA 협의회(이하 항주협의회)에 대한 정보가 빈약하다. 1947년에 개최된 이 대회는 전쟁 후 울고 있는 세계를 치유하고 화해를 도모한 여성들의 진한 우정 이야기를 담고 있다. 그래서, 본 연구는 선교역사 연구에서 빠져 있는 한 조각의 퍼즐을 맞추고, 장차 한국교회가 평화 선교로 나아가기를 제안했다.