Many countries are developing various mechanical cutting technologies to dismantle nuclear facility. However, most of mechanical cutting technologies have a problem like the degradation of tool life due to the Hard-Machining materials. To solve this problem, lab-scale test was performed with a Plasma Assisted Machining (PAM) technology and 25 mm of thickness Inconel 600 plate. Commonly, the strength of metals decreases by exposure at high temperature. And, previous study reported that strength of Inconel 600 is degraded above 500°C. This softening effect was applied to Inconel 600 cutting test. The optimal conditions such as the plasma torch power and the feed rate were determined by this study. As a result, the surface temperature of Inconel 600 was reached up to 500°C under the conditions which is 8.4 kW of plasma torch power and 150–250 mm·min−1 of feed rate. And it was confirmed that the tool life was improved under the conditions. In order to apply PAM for various Hard- Machining materials, it is necessary to investigate the softening temperature of Hard-Machining materials, the plasma torch power and feed rate.

Various cutting technologies are being developed for dismantling nuclear power plants. these technologies are including mechanical and thermal methods. For example, mechanical cutting methods include sawing, drilling and milling. But, due to the strength of material, mechanical cutting methods have limits of cutting depth and tool life. Therefore, this milling machine assisted plasma torch was developed to improve the limits. And this machine has the principle of softening effect caused by the high temperature. In this work, this developed device was evaluated in view of the cutting depth and tool life in cutting process. For this process, a plasma torch was attached to the front of the endmill processing path to heat the Inconel 600. As results, compare to conventional milling, when the plasma torch power is 6.4 kW, the cutting depth was increased by 4 mm at condition (feed rate is 100 mm·min−1, tool diameter is 10 mm, rotating speed is 1,000 rpm). And cutting length increase 2 times from 300 mm to 600 mm at 16 mm of tool diameter.

Non-destructive estimation of leaf area is a more efficient and convenient method than leaf excision. Thus, several models predicting leaf area have been developed for various horticultural crops. However, there are limited studies on estimating the leaf area of strawberry plants. In this study, we predicted the leaf areas via nonlinear regression analysis using the leaf lengths and widths of three-compound leaves in five domestic strawberry cultivars (‘Arihyang’, ‘Jukhyang’, ‘Keumsil’, ‘Maehyang’, and ‘Seollhyang’). The coefficient of determination (R2) between the actual and estimated leaf areas varied from 0.923 to 0.973. The R2 value varied for each cultivar; thus, leaf area estimation models must be developed for each cultivar. The leaf areas of the three cultivars ‘Jukhyang’, ‘Seolhyang’, and ‘Maehyang’ could be non-destructively predicted using the model developed in this study, as they had R2 values over 0.96. The cultivars ‘Arihyang’ and ‘Geumsil’ had slightly low R2 values, 0.938 and 0.923, respectively. The leaf area estimation model for each cultivar was coded in Python and is provided in this manuscript. The estimation models developed in this study could be used extensively in other strawberry-related studies.

In Korea livestock farms breeding cattle have been suffering from re-emerging problems of Brucella (B.) abortus infection while steady decline of bovine brucellosis. Therefore, this study underscored the identification and association of etiological agent of brucellosis in cattle in South Korea. The incidence of brucellosis in cattle was analyzed by bacteriological and molecular methods in 187 brucellosis-suspicious farms of 11 regions between 2018 and 2020. Brucella isolates from various specimens were identified by Brucella-specific multiplex PCR. Epidemiological data were collected by local official veterinarians through history taking from farmers and animal data systems. In 230 of 560 cattle (40.9%) and 94 of 187 farms (50.3%), a total of 313 B. abortus were isolated from various specimens, the majority of isolates were from supramammary lymph node (41%). In epidemiological findings, the majority of positive cases were mainly caused by resurgence (43.7%) and unknown (37.2%). Of 94 positive cases isolated B. abortus, abortion in cattle infected by B. abortus occurred in 51 farms (54.3%) where led to resurgence in 30 farms and environmental survival of B. abortus in 9 farms. Consequently, these findings revealed the existence of etiological agent of bovine brucellosis in Korea, which still occurred at low levels in distinct regions where are allowed to call for persistent biosecurity. Thus, we highlight that brucellosis in Korea needs to take more effective control strategies with potential evidence. Moreover it is ultimately important to maintain a constant monitoring for eradication of brucellosis.

접목선인장은 우리나라 주요 수출 화훼 작목 중 하나이다. 접목선인장은 대부분 선박으로 수출되며 작은 병징만 나타나도 수출에 제약이 많고 경제적 손실도 발생하므로, 접목 과정에서 철저한 소독 과정이 요구된다. 현재 농가에서는 접목 칼을 토치로 소독하고 있으나, 유해가스로 인한 신체적 피해가 발생하고 있어 이를 대체할 소독 방식이 필요하다. 첫번째로 2번의 박테리아 검정 결과, 열탕 15초 소독이 가장 효과적으로 박테리아 증식을 억제하였다. R2A배지 검정 결과, 열탕 15 초 이상부터는 검출되지 않았으며, petrifilm에 분주하였을 때 는 0.33±1.29 CFU/mL이 발생하였다. 두번째로 모의 수송 과정 중 생체중 변화량의 경우, 분홍색 자구의 경우 무처리는 73.07b, 토치 소독은 92.18a, 열탕 15초 소독은 93.29a% initial 로 나타났다(p≤0.05). 세번째로 구경 변화량의 경우, 토치 소독과 열탕 15초 소독 모두 무처리보다 감소폭이 적어 품질 유지를 위해선 소독 과정이 반드시 필요하다고 판단된다. 마지막으로 소독 방식에 따른 최종 부패율은 무처리, 토치 소독, 열탕 15초 소독 각각 27.5±9.01, 28.33±11.55, 16.67±5.77% 가 나타났으므로 열탕 15초 소독이 가장 효과적이다. 따라서 열탕 15초 소독은 관행 소독 방식의 문제점을 해결할 수 있고, 접목 선인장의 품질 향상 및 부패 감소로 농가의 경제적인 이득 또한 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

절화용 스프레이 국화(Dendranthema grandiflorum)는 다양한 화색, 화형을 가진 품종들이 많지만, 국내에서는 시장성이 낮은 편이다. 따라서 고품질 국화 생산을 통한 소비 확대가 필요하며 연중 균일하게 환경을 조절해주는 스마트팜 기술 을 활용하여 일정한 품질의 국화를 생산하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 스마트팜과 관행농가에서 채화한 절화용 스프레이 국화 ‘헤나’의 절화수명과 품질을 비교 분석하였다. 절화 수명의 경우 스마트팜은 28.6±1.03일, 관행농가는 24.2±0.61로 스마트팜이 약 4.4일 길게 유지하였다. 절화중 변화율의 경우 스마트팜은 최대 117.95%까지 증가하였으며 27일간 초기 절화중보다 높은 절화중을 유지했다. 관행농가는 최대 116.65%까지 증가하였으며, 21일간 유지했다. 수분 흡수량의 경우 스마트팜은 절화수명 종료시점까지 10mL 이상을 흡수하였으나, 관행농가는 Day 12부터 10mL 이하만 흡수하였다. 수 분균형의 경우 스마트팜과 관행농가 모두 Day 2에 최고치를 나타냈으나, 급격히 감소하여 스마트팜은 Day 8에, 관행농가 는 Day 6에 음수값에 도달하였다. 화폭 변화율의 경우 스마트 팜은 최대 143.00%까지 증가하였으며, 관행농가는 최대 125.82% 까지 증가했다. 엽록소 함량의 경우 이 전 결과와는 달리 Day 0에는 관행농가가 약 7.56 SPAD value 만큼 더 높았으나, 절화수명 종료시점까지 스마트팜이 더 큰 폭으로 증가하였다. 종합적으로, 절화용 스프레이 국화를 스마트팜에서 채화할 경 우 절화수명 및 품질이 더 향상되었음을 알 수 있었다.

The purpose of this study was to analyze changes to body measurements and silhouettes after wearing an early 19th century women’s corset. Two types of corsets were tested. Changes in body size and silhouette were compared based on the levels of tightening strength of the corset. The tightening strength was adjusted in 4 steps by making the length of back fastening string 10-40 cm shorter than the standard. The silhouette was compared with the front silhouette and the side silhouette. The results were as follows. After wearing the experimental 19th century corsets, the chest circumference and front interscye length increased. However, the chest circumference did not increase proportionally to the tightening strength. The underbust circumference, waist circumference, and back interscye length also decreased. The waist width was decreased to create a slim front silhouette. The change in the body silhouette differed depending on the style of the experimental corset. The experimental corset made with the six-piece torso pattern changed the posture so that the shoulders were pulled back and the chest was pushed forward. The experimental corset with the side bodice pattern resulted in the subject’s shoulders reclining backward and the chest and abdomen extending forward. The results of this study show that women’s body sizes and silhouettes could be changed by wearing the early 19th century corsets, but the changes in body size and silhouette vary depending on the wearer's individual body type or corset style.